Kuyini ukukhulelwa futhi kuqala kanjani?
Igama lokukhulelwa lisuselwa egameni lesiLatini elithi "puber" elisho umuntu omdala.
Ukukhulelwa yileli gama elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza iminyaka lapho umzimba wentombazane iguquka khona ekuguqulweni komuntu omdala. Uchungechunge lwezinguquko ezenzeka emzimbeni. Lezi zinguquko zibangela ukuthuthukiswa kocansi, ukuma komzimba okuhlukile nokunyuka kokuphakama.
Futhi, lesi yisikhathi lapho intombazane iqala ukuvuthwa ngokomzwelo.
Umzimba wakhe awuyishintshi nje ukuthi ubukeka kanjani kodwa futhi ushintsha indlela osebenza ngayo. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa yilapho intombazane iqala ukuya esikhathini .
Ukuthomba kuqala lapho ingxenye yengqondo yomfana ebizwa ngokuthi i-hypothalamus iqala ukukhiqiza i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-GnRH (i-gonadotropin-release release hormone). Uma i-hypothalamus iqala ukukhipha le hormone ngendlela ebizwa ngokuthi "iphethini ye-pulsatile" ibangela esinye isakhiwo esisekelweni sobuchopho ngokuthi i-anterior pituitary gland ukukhiqiza izinto ezimbili ezibalulekile ezibizwa ngokuthi i-FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) ne-LH (i-hormone i-luteinizing ). Lezi zinto ezibizwa nge-gonadotropins bese zikhuthaza ama- ovari ukukhulula i-estrogen ne-progesterone.
Inqubo yokukhulelwa inezinyathelo ezahlukene. Emantombazaneni, lezi zinguquko zivame ukuqala phakathi kweminyaka eyi-8 neshumi nane. Izigaba zokukhulelwa zichaza izinguquko ezenzeka emzimbeni wentombazane.
Izitebhisi Zokushukela Kwabesifazane
Thelarche - Phakathi nalesi sigaba, amabele amantombazane aqala ukwakha. Lokhu kuqala ngenguquko encane ebizwa ngokuthi i-bud bud. Izibeletho ziqala ukwakha ezineminyaka engama-11 nanobe ucwaningo lwamuva lubonisa ukuthi le nqubo isuqala ekuqaleni. Amantombazane angase aqale ukuthuthukiswa kwesifuba cishe eminyakeni eyi-9. Ngezinye izikhathi isifuba esisodwa kuphela sizoqala ukuthuthukisa.
Ngokuvamile ezinyangeni ezimbalwa, elinye lizoqala futhi. Lokhu kungaba okujwayelekile.
I-Pubarche - Lokhu kubonakala kokuqala kwezinwele zokushicilela okuhle kakhulu. Lokhu kuvame ukukhathala ngesikhathi esifanayo njengokuhluma kwebele kepha kungenzeka ngemuva kwesikhathi.
I-Adrenarche - Phakathi nalesi sigaba, izinwele ze-pubic zanda inani lemali kanye nezinguquko ekuthunjweni kusukela ekuhle ukuya ekuqotheni. Lesi yisikhathi lapho izinwele ezingaphansi kwegazi ziqala futhi iphunga lomzimba liqala. Phakathi nalesi sigaba futhi lapho amantombazane eqala ukuthuthukisa ama-acne nezimo zengqondo. Lesi sigaba senzeke phakathi neminyaka phakathi kwehlumela lokuqala lesifuba kanye nesikhathi sokuqala.
Isilinganiso - Leli gama elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza ukufika kwesikhathi sokuqala kwentombazane. Isilinganiso seminyaka sineminyaka engu-12 ubudala kodwa kancane kancane noma kancane kancane kungaba okujwayelekile.
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa futhi lapho intombazane iqala ukude. Ngakho-ke emva nje kokuvela kwefesibisi lesifuba ukuphakama kwentombazane kuzoqala ukwandisa ngesivinini esisheshayo kunokuthi uma esencane. Ngesinye isikhathi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, intombazane iyoba nokwanda okusheshayo ekuphakameni kwayo, ngokuvamile lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "ukukhula kakhudlwana." Lokhu kwenzeka nje ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba intombazane iqale isikhathi.
Lapho intombazane iqala lezi zinguquko nokuthi inqubo ithatha isikhathi eside kangakanani kusukela entombazaneni kuya kwintombazane.
Ngokwesilinganiso kusukela ekubukeni kwamaphutha ebelethweni kuze kube yilapho kuqala kuthatha cishe iminyaka emibili kuya kweyesi-3. Kodwa kungokwemvelo uma kuthatha isikhathi esincane noma isikhathi esincane sokuqedela lezi zinguquko.
Ukukhulelwa komntwana kuyingxenye yokukhula nokuthuthukiswa okujwayelekile. Uma ukukhulelwa kungenzeki noma kwenzeke kakhulu kusenesikhathi kungase kube uphawu lokuthi kukhona okungalungile futhi kuzodinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Lokhu okulandelayo kungabonisa inkinga futhi kufanele kukhulunywe nodokotela:
Uma amafulethi webele noma amahle amancane ashicilelwe eqala ukuthuthukisa ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-8.
Uma kungekho ukuthuthukiswa kwesifuba eneminyaka engu-14.
Uma ukuya esikhathini kungakaqali intombazane eneminyaka engu-16 ubudala, oye waba nokuthuthukiswa kwezinwele ezivamile zesifuba nesifuba.