Ama-tinnitus , noma ukukhala ezindlebeni, kungaba yinkinga ecasulayo - noma ekhubazayo, eshiya abagulayo bekhathazekile, becindezelekile futhi bengakwazi ukulala. Izixazululo ezinjengezokwelapha zokuphumula kanye nemishini yemisindo ingasiza abantu asebekhulile abahluphekayo , kodwa kukhona yini ukwelashwa kwamatnitus?
Kuze kube manje, ayikho ikhambi lamatnitus. Uma kungabikho ukwelashwa, iningi lezokwelapha lihlose ukufihla imisindo, besebenzisa i-table-top device noma ama-earplugs ezikhiqiza umsindo omhlophe ukuncintisana nawo, noma ukufihla, ukukhala noma ukuguqula ezindlebeni.
Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha , njengemfundo yokuphumula noma ukwelulekwa, sisiza abagulayo ukuba bafunde ukubhekana nokungazinaki imisindo abazwayo. Izindlebe zokuzwa , ngokwenza ngcono ukuzwa ngokuvamile, zingenza izinkinga ezincane ezincane.
Ithemba Ngokwelapha Esikhathini Esizayo
Abacwaningi baphenya izindlela zokugcina ubuchopho ekuboneni imisindo ye-phantom - uphawu olubalulekile lwezinnitus. Njengoba isimo sabantu abaningi asebekhulile, futhi kungenzeka ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwezindlebe zokudala, abanye ososayensi bahlose ukuguqulwa kobuchopho obonakala sengathi kwenzeke njengokungalungile okuhambisana nokuzwa okunciphile kokuzwa.
Le ndlela ihlanganisa ucwaningo oludlulayo olubonisa ukuthi ukuvezwa kwemisindo emikhulu kubangela ukuthi i-cortex yokuhlola ebuchosheni - isifunda esibhekene nokuzwa - ukusabela ngendlela engafanele kwezinye izingqikithi zomsindo engakwazi ukuzwa. Lokhu kuguquguquka, noma ukuqina kwe-neuroplasticity, kushiya ama-neurons ebuchosheni obona umsindo, lapho kungekho umsindo okhona.
I-Brain Re-Boot
Ithimba labacwaningi abavela eYunivesithi yaseTexas eDallas, kanye ne-e-affiliated firm-device firm okuthiwa i-MicroTransponder, bakholelwa ukuthi ikhono lobuchopho lokuzivumelanisa lingasisiza libuyele emsebenzini ojwayelekile. Esifundweni sika-2011 eshicilelwe emaphephandabeni e- Nature , zibika ukuthi ziguqule ama-tinnitus emakhompheni esebenzisa inqubo ebizwa ngeVagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS), kanye nokuvezwa okuhlosiwe kumafenethi athile okuzwakalayo.
Ithimba, eliholwa izazi zezinkanyezi uMichael Kilgard kanye ne-Navzer Engineer, lidalula iqembu lama-rats angu-18 kuya emlilweni omkhulu, ovame kakhulu, ngomzamo wokubamba izinhlamvu. Uma ivivinywa, ama-rats avuliwe ngomsindo akakwazanga ukuthola ukuthula kwezinye izingqimba zomvamisa wezwi. Amakhodi avamile agcina ikhono lokuzwa ukuthula, noma ukungabi nalutho uma kungekho umsindo okhona.
Ngokulandelayo, ososayensi bazama "ukusetha kabusha" ubuchopho bamagundane, ngokusebenzisa ama-electrodes ukukhuthaza i-vagus nerve eminyakeni yezilwane, kuyilapho ngesikhathi esifanayo bewabeka emigqeni ethile yemivamisa ehlukile ebangeni le-tinnitus. Umgomo wawuwukuba ukuncintisana nemvamisa ye-tinnitus, ngaleyo ndlela ihlinzeke ubuchopho ukuthi buphendule ngokunembile, futhi ngokufanelekile, kuzo zonke izikhathi ezizwakalayo.
Ukuvuselelwa kwesibindi sezinzwa kubhekwa njengendlela elula yokulingisa inqubo eyingozi kakhulu esetshenziselwa izifundo zesilwane esidlule. Labo abathintekayo ukugqugquzela kagesi kweqembu lama-neurons noma amangqamuzana angama-nerve embonini yangaphambili, indawo enomqondo wokuqonda kanye nolulwimi.
Ukugqugquzela ukubambisana kwalawa maseli anemisindo ehlukene yezinzwa kuye kwaboniswa ukuthi kubangele izinguquko ezizuzisayo nezingapheliyo emsebenzini wobuchopho. I-VNS okwamanje isetshenziselwa abantu abangaphezu kuka-50,000 ukuphatha isithuthwane nokucindezeleka, ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi kakhulu, ngokusho kwethimba lezokucwaninga leYunivesithi yaseTexas.
Ngempela, kulolu cwaningo, oluxhasiwe yi-US National Institutes of Health, amagundane ahlolwe ngemuva kwe-VNS kanye nokuvezwa kwetoni eziningi banenkinga yabo ekutholeni izikhala ezingenalutho eziqediwe, okuholele abacwaningi ukuthi baphendule ukuthi izintambo zabo zishintshiwe. Ngisho nakakhulu, umphumela uqhubekeke amasonto ngemuva kokuphela kokuhlolwa. Ukucwaninga ngomshini ongenakunyakaziswa wabantu uqhubeka. Idivaysi ihlanganisa i-headphones, kanye nebhethri elifakelwe kanye nezintambo zokuletha ukushayela kagesi ku-nerus vagus uma ithoni izwakala.
Izidakamizwa nezinsiza
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokwelapha izidakamizwa ze-tinnitus zicwaningwa ososayensi, kuhlanganise nezindlela ezintsha zokuletha imithi.
Isibonelo, i-Draper Laboratory, ngaphansi kwenkontileka kuMnyango wezokuVikela wase-US, ihlakulela idivayisi encane yokuthumela imithi ngqo endlebeni ephakathi, bese ihlakazeka lapho ukunikezwa kwezidakamizwa sekuphelile. I-Tinnitus iyakhathazeka emasosheni, njengoba efana nokukhubazeka okuphezulu phakathi kwamasosha abuyela, kusho uMnyango Wezilwane Zase-United States.
Imithombo:
Injini, i-Navzer D; Riley, Jonathan R; Seale, Jonathan D; I-Vrana, Will A; Shetake, Jai A; Sudanagunta, uSindhu P., uBorland, Michael S., noLilgard, uMichael P. "Ukuguqula umsebenzi we-Neural Pathological Using the Plasticity Targeted." Imvelo , ISSN 0028-0836, 02/2011, Umqulu 470, Issue 7332, iphe. 101 - 104. Ingxoxo noMichael Kilgard, uMlobi Omkhulu. Kuqhutshwa ngo-Mashi 11, 2013.
Holmes, Susan. "Isimo, ukuphathwa kanye nokulandelwa kwamathambo kubantu abadala asebekhulile." Ukubuyekeza ku-Clinical Gerontology [0959-2598] 2008 vol: 18 ngu: 04 pg: 269-285.
Izinketho ezintsha zokwelashwa zabahlukumezi be-Tinnitus. Umnyango wase-US we-Veterans Affairs Public Information Sheet.
http://www.va.gov/health/NewsFeatures/20110524a.asp
Tinnitus. Isikhungo seNational NIH se-US NIH kanye nezinye izinkinga zokuxhumana (NIDCD) Ishidi Lolwazi Lomphakathi.
https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/tinnitus