I-Disorder System Syndrome Disorder ngokuvamile ilahlekelwe yi-Parkinson
I-multiple atrophy system (MSA) yinkinga ebangela izingxenye eziningi zesimiso sezinzwa ukuba ziguquke. I-MSA ifaka ama-syndromes amathathu: i-Shy-Drager syndrome, i-striatonigral degeneration, ne-olivopontocerebellar atrophy. I-MSA yisifo esiqhubekayo esithinta isimiso sezinzwa ze-autonomic, ingxenye yomzimba wakho olawula izenzo ezingenakuqaphela njengokufana nokugaya nokuphefumula.
I-MSA ithinta noma yikuphi abantu ababili kuya ku-15 ngabangu-100,000. Kungathatha isikhashana ukuthola i-MSA ukuxilongwa ngenxa yokufana phakathi kwe-MSA nezinye izimo, njenge- Parkinson's disease . I-MSA ivame ukutholakala ibe neminyaka engu-50 ubudala futhi ibonakala kubantu bazo zonke izinhlanga. Uma izimpawu ziqala, lesi sifo sithuthuka ngokushesha.
Izimpawu Zama-Multiple System Atrophy
Izimpawu ze-MSA zivela ekulahlekelweni kwamangqamuzana egeyimu ohlelweni lwezinzwa. Okubangela ukuthi ukulahlekelwa kwamangqamuzana omzimba kungasaziwa. Abantu abaningi abane-MSA isaziso sokuqala njenge-urinary incontinence, ukungasebenzi komzimba erectile emadodeni, behlisa ukucindezeleka kwegazi uma bemi (hypotension orthostatic), ukuphelelwa amandla nokuqothulwa. Njengoba izimpawu ziqhubeka, ziwela ngaphansi kweqembu elilodwa:
- Uhlobo lwe-Parkinsonian (MSA-P): lokhu kuhlanganisa izimpawu ezifana nesifo se-Parkinson ezifana nokuthuthumela kokuphumula, ukuqina kwemisipha, nokuphuza kancane
- Uhlobo lwe-Cerebellar (MSA-C): lubandakanya ukuhamba ngezinkinga (i-ataxia), izinkinga zokulondoloza ibhalansi, nezinkinga zokuxhumanisa ukunyakaza okuzithandela.
Ezinye izimpawu ezihambisana ne-MSA zifaka ubunzima bokukhuluma noma ukugwinya, ukulala kwe-apnea, nezandla ezibandayo. Abanye abantu bangase bahlakulele isifo sokulala, imisipha kanye ne-tendon ukunciphisa, i-Pisa syndrome - lapho umzimba ubonakala uxhomeke ohlangothini olulodwa, ukububula okungazibandakanyi, kanye ne-antecollis - eyenzeka lapho intamo igoba phambili futhi ikhanda lishaya phansi.
Ukuthi i-MSA ixilongwa kanjani
Kungaba nzima kakhulu ukuhlukanisa iMSA nesifo sikaParkinson . Enye indlela yokuhlukanisa phakathi kokubili ukubuka ukuthi lesi sifo siqhubeka kanjani ngokushesha. I-MSA ijwayele ukuqhubekela phambili ngokushesha kunalokho okwenziwa ngu-Parkinson. Abantu abaningi abane-MSA bayodinga idivayisi yokusiza, njengesihlalo sabakhubazekile noma umoba, eminyakeni eminingana yokutholwa.
Enye indlela yokuhlukanisa phakathi kokubili ukuphatha ama-Parkinson. I-MSA ayiphenduli kahle i-levodopa, imithi esetshenziselwa ukuphatha i-Parkinson. Ngeshwa, i-autopsy yindlela ewukuphela kokuthola i-MSA. Ukuhlolwa okukhethekile, okufana ne-PET scan (positron emission tomography), kungabusa ezinye izinhlobo zezifo ezingavamile zezinzwa.
I-MSA Treatment
Njengamanje, ayikho ikhambi ye-MSA, futhi ayikho imithi eyenzelwe ngokuqondile ukuguqula noma ukuyeka ukuqhubeka kwesifo. Ezinye izici ze-disorder ziyanciphisa futhi kunzima ukuphatha. Izinkinga zokuhamba ngezimoto zingaphathwa nge-levodopa ne-carbidopa (iSinemet), kodwa ngokuvamile lokhu kunemiphumela enganiselwe.
Eminye imithi efana ne-bromocriptine (i-Parlodel), i-trihexyphenidyl (u-Artane), i-benztropine mesylate (i-Cogentin), ne-amantadine (i-Symmetrel), ingahle ihlinzeke ngeminye imithi.
Ukwelapha ngokomzimba, kuhlanganise nokwelashwa kwe-aqua, kungasiza ukugcina imisipha yomsebenzi, kanye nokwelashwa kwamazwi kungasiza ukuthuthukisa noma yikuphi ubunzima bokugwinya noma ukukhuluma.
Okushiwo Ucwaningo
Awaziwa kancane ngezindlela zokusebenza emsebenzini we-multiple atrophy system. Abacwaningi e-National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) okwamanje bazama ukuthola ukuthi kungani amaprotheni alpha-synuclein akha ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana we-glial (amaseli anika ukuvikelwa kwe-neurons ohlelweni lwezinzwa) zabantu abane-MSA ne-neuronal (izinzwa) amaseli abantu abane-Parkinson's disease. Isivivinyo somtholampilo sazama ukusebenzisa i-rifampicin yezidakamizwa ukunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo, kodwa ukwelashwa kwakungasebenzi.
Idatha kusuka kulolu cwaningo manje isetshenziselwa ezinye izifundo ze-MSA.
Imithombo
UDiedrich, A., & Robertson, D. (2002). I-multiple atrophy system. iMedicine, ifinyelelwe ku-http: //www.emedicine.com/neuro/topic671.htm
I-National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. I-Multiple System ye-Atrophy Fact Sheet. Novemba 2014.