Ingabe i-Newton noma i-Einstein iwela ku-Autism Spectrum Disorder?
Abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi bobabili u-Albert Einstein no-Isaac Newton kungenzeka ukuthi babe ne- Asperger syndrome , isifo sokuthuthukiswa ku- autism spectrum . UProfesa Simon Baron-Cohen, we-Autism Research Centre eCambridge University, no-Ioan James, wase-Oxford University, bafunde ukuziphatha kokubili ososayensi abadumile. Abacwaningi bacabanga ukuthi bobabili u-Einstein noNewton babonisa izici zobuntu eziwuphawu lwe-Asperger syndrome, uhlobo lwe- disorder developmental disorder (PDD).
Ukuhlolwa Okubukekayo kwe-Einstein no-Newton
Nakuba ukuziphatha okwaziwa ngokuthi i-Asperger syndrome kuqala kwachazwa ngawo-1940, ukuxilongwa akuzange kubonakale ngokomthetho kuze kube ngo-1994. Njengoba u-Einstein noNewton baphila ngaphambi kwalokho, kunzima ukufika impendulo eqondile, ngoba akukaze kuphakanyiswe noma kuhlolwe manje.
Lokho abacwaningi abakubonayo ngolwazi lwezinto eziphathelene namadoda omabili bekungukuziphatha okubonwayo nge-Asperger syndrome, njenge:
- Uhlobo olunomkhawulo kodwa olunzulu lwezintshisekelo, ikakhulukazi izindawo ezithile ezingqondo
- Kunzima ebuhlotsheni bezenhlalakahle, ikakhulukazi ukusabela ngokufanele kwabanye
- Izinkinga zokuxhumana, njengokunzima ukwenza ingxoxo noma ukuqonda abanye
Abacwaningi bathi u-Einstein wayenesizungu njengengane futhi ephindaphindiwe imisho ephindaphindiwe kuze kube yilapho eneminyaka engu-7 ubudala. Umsebenzi wakhe wawugxile ezihlokweni eziyinkimbinkimbi zezibalo. Wanikeza izinkulumo ezidideka kakhulu.
Ngokuqondene noNewton, abacwaningi baphawula ukuthi wayengakhulumi neze, babe nabangane abambalwa futhi babevame ukuziphatha kabi ngabo. Wayevame ukugxila kakhulu emsebenzini wakhe (isayensi ye-physics) ayeyikhohlwa ukuyidla. Wayehlale enika izinkulumo zakhe ezihleliwe, ngisho noma kungekho oza.
I-Asperger syndrome ngokuvamile ihilela ezinye noma zonke izimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Ukubunzima ukuxhumana nabanye (ukungabi namakhono omphakathi)
- Izinkinga zokuxhumana (njengokungakhulumi ebuntwaneni, ukungaboni amehlo noma ukukhathazeka usebenzisa inkulumo ebusweni)
- Ukukhathazeka ngezihloko eziyinkimbinkimbi ezifana nomculo, izibalo noma ukucabanga kwendawo
- Ukuziphatha okuphindaphindiwe
- Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkambiso (njengokugqoka ngendlela ethile)
- Izinkinga zokuxhumanisa (ngokuvamile kubonakala sengathi zihlukumezeka noma zingenangqondo)
U-Albert Einstein no-Isaac Newton bobabili babe nesithakazelo esibucayi ezintweni ezithile ezilinganiselwe. Bobabili ososayensi babenenkinga yokusabela ngendlela efanele emphakathini futhi babe nobunzima bokukhuluma. Bobabili ososayensi ngezinye izikhathi babezibandakanya kakhulu emsebenzini wabo wokuthi abazange badle. UNewton wayekhuluma kancane futhi wayevame ukufudumala noma ukucasuka nabangani abambalwa ababenabo. Uma kungekho muntu oya enkulumweni yakhe usaqhubeka ekhuluma ekamelweni elingenalutho. Lapho eseneminyaka engu-50 ubudala, uNewton wabhekana nokuphazamiseka kwemizwa ehlanganisa ukucindezeleka kanye ne-paranoia.
Akukaziwa ukuthi yini ebangela i-Asperger's syndrome, noma kunjalo, ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi kunesixhumanisi sezakhi zofuzo ngenxa yokuthi ijwayele ukugijima emindenini (idluliselwa kumzali kuya komntwana).
Abanye Abakholelwa
Abanye ososayensi abafana no-Oliver Sacks banomuzwa wokuthi leli cala libuthakathaka ngokuxilongwa kwe- Asperger syndrome yososayensi.
UDkt Glen Elliott, isazi sezifo zengqondo eYunivesithi yaseCalifornia eSan Francisco, okhulumela i-BBC News, uthi: U-Elliott naye ugcina ukuthi kusukela u-Einstein abe nomuhle kakhulu wokuhlekisa, isici esingakaziwa kubantu abane-Asperger syndrome enzima, akafanelanga iphrofayli ye-Aspergers.
Ngaphandle kuka-Einstein noma u-Newton lapha ukuhlola, kunzima ukuqiniseka lapho ku-spectrum noma i-physicist yawa noma yayine-Asperger nhlobo.
Umthombo:
Autism kanye nama-fact sheet e-Asperger