Enye yezimangaliso zesayensi ezedlule eminyakeni engu-50 edlule ukuthi umdlavuza ungaba yisifo esithathelwanayo - ikakhulukazi, esibangelwa i-papillomavirus yomuntu, noma i-HPV. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-100 ze-HPV, okungenani ezingu-30 zazo ezisakazwa ukuxhumana kocansi . I-HPV ixhunywe ezinhlotsheni ezithile zamanqamu esikhumba kanye:
Abanye ososayensi baye balinganisela ukuthi amaphesenti angaphezu kwamatshumi azo zonke izinhlobo zomdlavuza wegazi angaxhunyaniswa nokutheleleka kwe-HPV !
I-HPV Basics
I-HPV igciwane evamile kakhulu. Abantu abangaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-50 abantu abadala abenza ucansi bacatshangwa ukuthi banegciwane lesiguli esisodwa, futhi amaphesenti angaba ngu-80 abesifazane abesilisa ocansini bazobe bebhekene negciwane ngesikhathi bephendulela ama-50.
Iningi labantu abane-HPV ngeke libe nezimpawu. Abanye bazoba nokuhlukunyezwa okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwezidakamizwa zobulili , ukubhekana nezinguquko zombelevuza zangaphambi komdlavuza, noma ngisho nokuthuthukisa umdlavuza owodwa noma ngaphezulu we-HPV. Ngenxa yokuthi abantu abaningi abanesandulela ngculaza ngeke babe nezinkinga ezihlobene negciwane, odokotela abavame ukuhlola i-HPV .
Ukuzi nje ukuthi uhlolwe ukuthi unomphumela wegciwane le-HPV akusho ukuthi uzothola umdlavuza noma ama-warts omzimba , kusho ukuthi usuke uthola igciwane futhi usengozini.
Eqinisweni, ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi iningi labantu abanegciwane lesandulela ngculaza lizosula ukutheleleka phakathi neminyaka emibili yedwa.
Imiphumela ye-HPV
Ngaphambi kwaphakathi kweminyaka ka-1980, umqondo wokuthi abantu bangadlulisela umdlavuza komunye nomunye kwakubhekwa njengokuthandwa ngabantu abaningi enkampanini yocwaningo lwezokwelapha. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ubufakazi obuhlanganisiwe kanye namasu okucwaninga aqala ukuthuthukisa, abantu kancane kancane baqiniseka.
Manje sekumukelwa kabanzi ukuthi i-HPV ibangela amaphesenti angama-99 emdlavuza wesibeletho. Ekuqaleni kuka-2007, iphephandaba lezokwelapha elihloniphekile lanyathelisa iphephandaba elibonisa ukuthi i-HPV ingase ibe nesibopho sokwanda kwamacala omdlavuza womlomo nomlomo. Izimbangela eziyinhloko zalezi zomshukela ziye zagubha umlando nokubhema ugwayi ngomlomo.
Umdlavuza wesibeletho ube yisizathu esiyinhloko sokufa komdlavuza okuhlobene nomdlavuza kwabesifazane base-US Nakuba inani labesifazane baseMelika elifa ngenxa yesifo selinciphile ngenxa yokwanda kwama- Pap smears , kusengumphumela wesihlanu oholela ekufeni okuhlobene nomdlavuza phakathi kwabesifazane emhlabeni jikelele.
Akekho owesifazane okufanele abulawe ngumdlavuza wesibeletho. Ama-pap smears avamile angayithola izinguquko ezibangelwa i-HPV emgodini wesibeletho ekuqaleni kokusalashwa. Kodwa-ke, kunabesifazane abangahlolwa njalo. Lokhu ikakhulukazi inkinga phakathi kwabesifazane emazweni aphansi nezinsizakalo kanye nemiphakathi ephansi engenayo, naphakathi kwabesifazane abaye badlula iminyaka yabo yokubeletha. Esinye sezigqugquzeli eziyinhloko kwabesifazane ukuya kumamazi wezifo zokubeletha kuyisidingo samaphilisi okulawula ukuzalwa, futhi abaningi bayeka ukuzinakekelwa njalo ngokuvimbela uma bengasadingi imithi yabo. I-HPV ingahlala ilele isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokudala izinguquko zomdlavuza embelethweni.
Kubalulekile ukuthi abesifazane baqhubeke bethola ama-Pap smears njalo esikhathini sabo sokuphila.
I-HPV Prevention
Ososayensi bagxila ekuvimbeleni i-HPV . I-HPV isakazwa ubulili bomlomo , ubulili besifazane, nesondo sangasese, kanye nokuxhumana kwesikhumba nesikhumba nezindawo ezinegciwane. Njengoba igciwane lisakazeka esikhumbeni lisikhumba, hhayi nje ngomzimba wamanzi , kungenzeka ukuthi udlulise igciwane ngisho nalapho kusetshenziswa ikhondomu. Amakhondomu enza, kodwa, anciphisa ingozi yokudluliselwa. Ukusakazeka okuphezulu kwegciwane, kuhlangene neqiniso lokuthi ikhondomu ayinikeli ukuvikelwa okuphelele, kuye kwabangela ososayensi ukuba bahlole izindlela ezithize zokuvimbela.
Enye yezindlela abahlola ngazo imishanguzo.
Imishanguzo eminingi yomdlavuza ovame kakhulu kanye nezinkinga ze-wart-causing causes of HPV zikhona ekuthuthukiseni noma kakade emakethe. Kodwa-ke, ngoba i-HPV igciwane lesandulela ngculazi , ingxoxo mayelana nale migomo ihlale iyingxenye yezombusazwe esikhundleni sezingxabano zesayensi. Imishanguzo iphumelela kakhulu ngaphambi kokuthi umuntu ahlaselwe igciwane, kodwa abazali abaningi kanye nezombusazwe bayamelana nomgomo wokugoma amantombazane amancane ngesifo socansi ngenxa yokwesaba ukuthi kungabakhuthaza ukuba babe nobulili obuvikelekile .
Nokho, ukukhathazeka okukhulu kuningi, ukuthi abesifazane abaye bathola umgomo bangase bayeke ukufuna iP smears evamile. Le migomo ivikela kuphela emithonjeni evame kakhulu ye-HPV, futhi ayivikeli abesifazane asebevele bevezwe ku-HPV. Ngakho-ke abesifazane basadingeka ukuba balandele izincomo zeP Pap smears ezivamile - kuba lula kakhulu ukuthi bazoba nokuhlolwa okuhle.
> Imithombo:
> Neilson, CM et al. "Ukusetshenziswa kweKomiloni ehambisanayo Kuhlanganiswa nokuNciphisa Okuphansi Kwesifo Se-Papillomavirus Emadodeni" I-Journal of Infectious Diseases 2010; 202: 445-451
> I-CDC HPV Fact Sheet
> I-World Health Organization Cancer Fact Sheet
> I-Wright JD, i-Herzog TJ. "I-papillomavirus yabantu: izindlela ezivelayo zokutholakala nokuphathwa." Isikhwama sempilo yabesifazane abasemakhayeni ka-2002 Aug; 2 (4): 259-65.
> Stanley MA, Winder DM, Sterling JC, Goon PK. Ukutheleleka kwe-HPV, neoplasia yangaphakathi ye-intra-epithelial (AIN) nomdlavuza wesilwane: izinkinga zamanje. I-BMC Cancer. 2012 Sep 8; 12: 398.
> Stoler MH. "Umbhalo ofushane wendima ye-papillomaviruses yabantu e-carcinogenesis yomlomo wesibeletho." Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1996 Oct; 175 (4 Pt 2): 1091-8.