I-axial skeleton iqukethe wonke amathambo ahlelwe ngokuqondile (okuthiwa i-axis longitudinal). Lokhu kufaka:
- Amathoni we-skull (ikhanda)
- I-bone Hyoid
- I-Vertebra (amathambo omgogodla) afaka i-sacrum ne-coccyx (okungukuthi, umsila wakho)
- I-Sternum (isifuba sesifuba)
- Ama-Ribs
I-axial skeleton ihlukaniswe nesiguli esisodwa esenziwe ngamathambo ephezulu nangaphansi.
Emaphethelweni aphezulu, amathambo we-skeleton ehlanganisiwe ahlanganisa i-bone upper arm noma i-humerus, amathambo esiphezulu, okuthiwa i-radius ne-ulna, amathambo omzimba amaningana futhi ayaziwa nangokuthi amathambo e-carpal, amathambo a-metacarpal, okungukuthi, amathambo amade ahlangana phakathi kwamathambo esikiva namathambo omunwe. Amathanga omunwe, okuthiwa yi-phalanges, nawo ayingxenye yamathambo wesigqoke esihlotsheni esiphezulu.
Emkhawulweni ophansi, indaba iyafana. Amathambo we-skeletal ehambisanayo yi-femur noma ithambo lezintambo eliphakeme, i-kneecap, amathambo emilenze angaphansi (tibia kanye ne-fibula) amathambo ama-ankle nesithende, ama-metatarsals (afana namathambo angama-metacarpal esandleni) kanye nama-phalanges, Kulesi simo yizinzwani.
Ubuhlungu bokubuyela emuva
Ubuhlungu ngenxa yezinkinga ezisemgogodini kungagcinwa emasikeni axial - noma kungadlulisela ekugcineni njengokungathi kusetshenziswe i-radiculopathy (ukucasula izimpande zomgogodla.)
Ngokomlando, ubuhlungu be-back axial bubhekise ebuhlungu obuhlala ngemuva, okungukuthi, ubuhlungu obungathinti izinzwa. Ubuhlungu obungathinti izinzwa, futhi esikhundleni salokho buhlobene nokulimala kwezicubu kuthiwa ubuhlungu bomsulwa.
Lapho ubuhlungu bufinyelela emkhawulweni, ngokuvamile ubizwa ngokuthi i-radiculopathy, (futhi, uma imbangela ingumsuka wesibindi somswakama ocasuliwe) noma i-sciatica.
Nokho, khumbula, i-sciatica iyigama elincane kakhulu lapho abantu bezokwelapha kanye nabantu abalalayo basebenzisa khona ukuchaza izimpawu ezihambisana nobuhlungu nokuzwela komzimba okuwela phansi umlenze noma ingalo. Uma kuqondwa ngale ndlela, i-sciatica ingaba nezimbangela eziningi, ezifaka, kodwa ezingagciniwe, izimpande zomgogodla ezicindezelwe noma ezicasuliwe.
Kodwa ngonyaka ka-2013, abacwaningi baseJalimane bathola ukuthi ku-10% wabathintekayo abafundwayo (1083 ephelele) ubuhlungu be-back axial bobabili bobuchwepheshe bezinsimbi. Abacwaningi bachaza amaphrofayili amaningi we-axial back pain based on the type of symptoms of nerve okwamanje kulezi "amacala axutshwe". Bathi ukuhlukanisa iziguli ngokwemibiko enjalo cishe kuyindlela engcono yokuxilonga ngokunembile ubuhlungu futhi unikeze ukwelashwa okuhambelana nesiguli.
Abacwaningi baphinde bathola ukuthi ukucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka nezinkinga zokulala (okuthiwa i-co-morbidity) zivame ukuhamba no-axial low back pain, kanye nobuhlungu obuphansi emuva. Futhi ekugcineni, bathola ukuthi labo ababenokuhlinzwa kwama-disc cishe babe nengxenye ye-neuropathic ebuhlungu babo obuya emuva be-axial.