Okuncane okukhulunywa nge-hyoid bone kuyinto engavamile yesiguli somuntu ngezizathu eziningana.
Okokuqala, kuyiselula. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngaphandle kwendawo yokunamathisela kuyo ku-cartilage ye- thyroid , engxenyeni ye-larynx futhi exoxwa ngezansi, ithayela. Ungakwazi ngisho nokuhambisa i-hyoid yakho ukusuka ohlangothini kuya kwesokunxele - ngenxa yokuphepha, ngobumnene - ngokuthinta kalula noma ukuphela, bese ushintsha isinyathelo esincane esicindezelayo esithinta ithambo.
(Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-palpating ithambo le-hyoid.)
Okwesibili, ngokuphefumulela ekudleni, ithambo le-hyoid lidlala indima emisebenzini eminingi ebalulekile egcina uphila.
Indawo ye-Bone Hyoid
I-hyoid ikhona ngaphambili, noma i-anterior, ingxenye yentamo emkhatsini wethambo lomhlathi kanye ne-cartilage ye-thyroid, futhi igcinwe ngokuqinile kwi-cartilage ye-thyroid ngemigqa. Ihlala ezingeni le-vertebra yesithathu yomlomo wesibeletho, ukuhlanganiswa, ngokusebenzisa izintambo kumisipha yolimi, phansi komlomo kanye nentamo yangaphakathi.
Nakuba encane, ithambo le-hyoid livame ukuphuka. Lokhu kungenxa yendawo yayo evame ukuvikela ithambo kuwo wonke kodwa ukuhlukunyezwa okuqondile.
I-bone hyoid itholakala ngaphezu kwe-apple ka-Adam nangaphansi kwamathoni kanye ne-epiglottis. Nakuba engeyona ingxenye ye-larynx, phezulu, izakhiwo ezimbili zisondele kakhulu. I-hyoid inikeza indawo yokunamathisela emisipha elawula ukunyakaza kwe-larynx.
I-larynx yindawo engaphezulu kwe-windpipe yakho, i-trachea, esiza ukukuvikela ekukhoneni izinto zangaphandle. Mhlawumbe isibonelo esaziwayo kakhulu salokhu lapho ukudla "kwehlisa ipayipi engalungile." I-larynx inomsebenzi wayo oyinhloko wokukuvimbela ekukhethweni ngokuvala masinyane ukuvulwa kwe-trachea lapho into yangaphandle izama ukungena.
Khumbula, i-windpipe yakhiwe emoyeni, hhayi izinto.
Enye into eyenziwa yi-larynx - futhi into esiyijwayele kakhulu - ukukhiqiza umsindo; abaculi kanye nezikhulumi bazi i-larynx njengebhokisi lezwi.
Enye into eyenziwa yi-larynx ukukhwehlela, okuyingxenye yomsebenzi wokuzivikela okhulunywe ngenhla.
I-larynx inezinye izinhloso ezimbalwa, futhi, kubandakanya ukudlala indima ekuphuculeni umoya nokusebenza njengomzimba wesisindo.
I-Hyoid Bone Umsebenzi
Ithemba le-hyoid linikeza indawo yokunamathisela izinsizwa eziningana zangaphambili (zangaphambili). Imisipha enamathele esitokisini se-hyoid ihlanganisa, kodwa ayikhawulelwe, i-sternohyoid, i-mylohyoid, i-omohyoid, imisipha ye-digastric. Lezi zinsizwa nezinye izintambo zangaphakathi zidlala indima ekugwineni futhi zingathinteka uma kwenzeka ukulimala entanyeni noma ukungalungi kahle.
Umsebenzi wesibili wethambo le-hyoid ukuhlinzeka isisekelo noma isisekelo lapho ulimi lungashukumisela khona.
Futhi, ekugcineni, ithambo le-hyoid lihileleke ekuphefumuleni. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi idlala indima ekugcineni i-airway ivuleke. Kodwa akuyona kuphela indlela evulekile yokuphefumula, okubaluleke ngokukhethekile ukulala nokulala kwezifo. Isibonelo i-apnea yokulala.
Indima Ye-Hyoid Kwezinye Izimo Ezikwelapha
Noma yikuphi indlela owuqhekeza ngayo, ithambo le-hyoid linokuqondisa okungaqondile nokungaqondile ngqo ekuxhumaneni nemisipha namathambo entanyeni, ekhanda nasemhlathini.
Futhi ochwepheshe bavumile ukuthi i-skull, intamo, nomhlathi zihlangana ukuze kuvezwe imisebenzi eminingi ehlukene, hhayi okungenani okuyiyona yokulawula ukuma kwenduku entanyeni.
I-skull, intamo, nomhlathi, ngakho-ke, kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi uhlelo lwe-cranio-cervical mandibular. Masiqede leli gama: I-Cranio ibhekisela ku-skull; umlomo wesibeletho ubhekisela endaweni yomgogodla ohlanganisa intamo; i-mandibular ibhekisela emhlathini wakho. Uhlelo alubandakanyi amathambo kuphela kodwa imisipha nemigqa, futhi
Kodwa ngonyaka ka-2017, umcwaningi waseYurophu wabonisa ukuthi uhlelo lwe-mandibular lwe-cranio-lesibeletho alunalo ngempela ukuxhuma kwe-anatomical ngemuva kwekhanda.
Ngenxa yalokhu, uthi, ingxenye ye-cranio-lesibeletho yenkathi yindlela engalungile yokuchaza uhlelo, ikakhulukazi njengoba imisebenzi eminingi kufanele ifaka isandla ekuboniseni, ngokwengxenye, ukuthi indawo engaphansi kwe-skull endaweni.
Ngokususelwa ekuqaphelisweni kwakhe, umcwaningi uphakamise ukuchazwa kabusha, okwakhiwe nge-mandible, noma umhlathi, ithambo, ulimi kanye nethambo le-hyoid. Uthi lokhu kuqanjwa kabusha kuzosiza ukuchaza izimo ezithile zezokwelapha ezithinta ukugwinya, njenge-Eagle syndrome. Izimpawu zesifo se-Eagle zihlanganisa ubuhlungu bentamo, izinkinga zokugwinya, izindlebe, nokuningi.
> Umthombo:
> Messina, G. ulimi, Mandible, uHyoid System. I-Eur J ihumusha i-Myol. Feb 2017.
> Moore, K., Dalley, A. I-Anatomy eVulekile emitholampilo. Okwesishiyagalolunye. Edition. ULippincott, Williams & Wilkins. 2006. Baltimore.
> Porr, J., DC, et. al. Ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-bone hyoid ehlukumezayo - umbiko wecala nokubuyekezwa kwezincwadi. J Can Chiropr Assoc. Dec 2012.