Ingabe uyingxenye yaleli qembu?
I-Autism yinkinga ye- spectrum , okusho ukuthi umuntu angaba i-autistic encane noma i-autistic kakhulu, futhi abantu ngabanye bangaba nezimpawu ezihlukahlukene. Igama elibanzi le-autism phenotype lichaza uhla olubanzi nakakhulu lwabantu abakhombisa izinkinga zobuntu, ulimi, kanye nezici zokuziphatha komphakathi ezingeni elibhekwa njengeliphakeme kunezinga eliphansi kodwa liphansi kunalokhu lihlolwe nge-autism.
Abantu abahlangabezana nemigomo ye-autism phenotype ebanzi bayabonakala ngokuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi "Ukulingana Kwezenhlalakahle."
Kuthiwa ukuthi abazali abayingxenye ye-autism phenotype ebanzi banamathuba amaningi kunabanye abazali ukuba babe nezingane eziningi nge-autism. Ezinye izifundo zibonakala zisekela le mbono.
Imikhuba Engayiphakamisa Unayo "Ukuthinta" kwe-Autism
Ukuze zihlungwe, izimpawu ze-autism kufanele ziphazamise ikhono lomuntu ukuthi ahlanganyele noma aqede imisebenzi yokuphila kwansuku zonke. Izimpawu kumelwe futhi zikhona kusukela zisencane. Ngakho, isibonelo:
Izinkinga zokuxhumana zenhlalakahle zihlale zikhona ku-autism. Abantu abaningi banenkinga yokuxhumana nabantu okwenza kube nzima ukuthola abangane, ukwakha ubuhlobo bomshado, noma ukusebenza kahle kumaqembu. Abantu abane-autism akugcini nje ngokungahleleki emphakathini, noma kunjalo: bangase bakuthole kungenakwenzeka ukuba bangene ezindabeni zomphakathi, babuze futhi baphendule imibuzo ngokufanele, noma basebenzise ngisho nhlobo ulimi olukhulunywayo.
Ukwedlula noma ukungaziphenduleli ekufakweni kwezinzwa manje kuyimigomo yokuthola i- autism . Abantu abaningi banenselele , futhi inamba enkulukazi emangalisa empeleni ixilongwa nge-sensory processing disorder. Iningi labantu abane-autism, noma kunjalo, alisabeli nje ngomsindo noma ukukhanya. Kunalokho, bangase bakuthole kungenakwenzeka ukuya emabhayisikobho, ukugibela esitimeleni, noma ukuya emakethe ngenxa yokuphendula kwabo okukhulu ekukhanyeni nasenomsindo.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, bangakwazi ukuzithulisa kuphela uma beboshwe ngokuqinile ngengubo noma ngenye indlela "bechotshozwa," ukugxuma, njll.
Isidingo sokuphindaphinda kanye nokuthandwa komkhuba kufakwe ezindleleni ze-autism. Abantu abaningi bathanda ukwenza, ukubona, ukudla, noma ukubukela izinto ezifanayo ngokuphindaphindiwe, futhi abaningi bakhetha isimiso esinqunyiwe. Kodwa abantu abane-autism, noma kunjalo, bangase bavule futhi bavale umnyango kaningi, balalele ingoma efanayo izikhathi eziyishumi ngokulandelana, noma bangabi nentshisekelo ngaphandle kombukiso othile wethelevishini noma i-movie. Futhi bangaba nokukhathazeka ngokweqile futhi baphazamiseke uma kudingeka ukuba bashintshe izinhlelo noma bavumelane nesimo esisha.
Abantu abangena kwi-Broad Autism Phenotype banezindlela zonke ezingeni eliphansi. Empeleni, banamathuba amaningi kunokuba ontanga yabo ejwayelekile ukuba nezinselelo zokuzizwa nezinselelo, bakhetha ukuphindaphindiwe kanye nesimiso, futhi babe "nezinxushunxushu" ezibagcina zigxile endaweni eyodwa kuphela enentshisekelo.
Indlela i-Broad Autism Phenotype Eyaziwa ngayo
Abantu abaningana baye bahlaziya imibuzo ukuze bahlole abantu "BAP." Abantu abasebenzisa lemibuzo bayacelwa ukuba bazibekele ngokwezigaba ezingeni eli-1-5 emazwini anjengo:
- Ngiyathanda ukuhlala eduze nabanye abantu
- Ngithola kunzima ukuthola amagama ami ngokushelela
- Ngizikhululekile ngezinguquko ezingalindelekile ezinhlelweni
- Ngingathanda ukukhuluma nabantu ukuze bathole ulwazi kunokuzijabulisa
Izimpendulo zale mibuzo ziqhathaniswa nesimiso futhi, okungenani ngombono, zinikeza impendulo esheshayo embuzweni othi "ingabe ngingumuthi we-autistic?"
Ngeshwa, imiphumela yale mibuzo yokuhlola ihlukahluka kakhulu. Ngokusho kwe-Kennedy Krieger Institute, kwesinye isifundo sabazali abanezingane ze-autistic:
Abacwaningi basebenzisa amathuluzi amathathu wokuhlola ahlukene. Bathola ukuthi amaphesenti amancane kwabazali abe ne-BAP, kodwa bangaki abazali abaxhomeke ethekeni elisetshenzisiwe. Iphesenti yabazali ne-BAP lalinganiselwa ku-none kuya kuma-12 amaphesenti, kuye ngokuhlolwa.
Yini echaza lokhu umehluko phakathi kwamathuluzi okuhlola? Kungenzeka ukuthi ngamunye ulinganisa umqondo ohlukile we-BAP. Enye incazelo ingatholakala endleleni uhlolo ngalunye olwenziwa ngayo. Omunye uhlolo lwaqedwa ngumzali ngokwakhe, omunye ngomlingani wakhe, kanti owesithathu ngumcwaningi.
Imithombo:
Losh M, Childress D, Lam K, Piven J. Ukuchaza Izici Ezibalulekile Ze-Broad Autism Phenotype: Ukuqhathaniswa Kwabazali Bama-Multiple-And Single-Incidence Families Autism. I-J J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2008 Jun 5; 147B (4): 424-33.
> USarris, uMarina. Kusho Ukuthini Ukuba Nesiqalo Se-Autism? I-Interactive Autism Network e-Kennedy Krieger Institute. Iwebhu. Ngo-Disemba 11, 2014.
> Sasson, NJ, Lam, KSL, Childress, D., Parlier, M., Daniels, JL noPiven, J. I-Broad Autism Phenotype Questionnaire: Ukwehlukaniswa Kwamazinga Okubaluleka Nokuqapha. I-Autism Res, 2013. 6: 134-143. i-doi: 10.1002 / aur.1272.