Iyini incazelo ye-bronchorrhea futhi yiziphi ezinye izimbangela ezikhona? Uma i-bronchorrhea ivela ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu noma kwezinye izifo zamapayipi, yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezingcono kakhulu nokuthi izimpawu zingaphathwa kanjani?
I-bronchorrhea ichazwa njengokukhipha ngokweqile kwamakhekhe amanzi avela kumaphaphu, okuholela ekukhwehleleni okukhiqizayo. Lokhu kukhishwa kunomthelela omkhulu kune-phlegm evamile, futhi ngencazelo kwenzeka kuphela uma umuntu ekhwehlela okungenani okulingana namashuuni angu-20 e-mucus nsuku zonke kusukela emaphashini awo.
Izimpawu
I-bronchorrhea iyimpawu lapho inqwaba enkulu ye-mucus emincane ikhuphuka emaphashini omuntu nsuku zonke. Lokhu akuyona nje amanzi amancane futhi kungaba uphawu oluvusa amadlingozi. Lesi sibonakaliso sivame ukuba sekusasa kakhulu ekuseni futhi sivame ukuthuthukisa ngosuku.
Lesi sibonakaliso singabangela ukukhwehlela (ukususa umthamo) nokuphefumula. Njengoba izimo eziningi ezibangelwa i-bronchorrhsa nazo zingabangela ukukhwehlela nokuphefumula, i-bronchorrhya ingenza lezo zimpawu zibe nzima kakhulu.
I-bronchorrhea ihlukile kunokukhwehlela i-phlegm noma i-sputum. Kucatshangwa ukuthi kungenxa yokuthi imimoya yomoya "ingabeki" ingcindezi. Ngokungafani ne-hypersensitivity ye-airway eyenzeka nge-airway constriction efana ne-asthma, lesi simo sibangela "ukungaboni kahle ngokuqondile."
Ukuxilongwa
Ukuxilongwa kwe-bronchorrhea kuyinkinga yokuthola imithi (eyenziwa umlando kanye nomzimba wedwa) futhi ichazwa ngokuthi ukukhiqizwa kwamapisipuni angaphezu kuka-100 (amashukela ayisithupha angaphezu kwangu-20) nsuku zonke.
Izimbangela
Kunezimbangela eziningana ze-bronchorrhea, nakuba ngokubonga kuyisimo esingavamile. Izimbangela ezikhona zingabandakanya:
- Umdlavuza we-Lung: Ihlobo lomdlavuza wamaphaphu okwakubizwa ngokuthi i- mucinous bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) , yiyona imbangela evame kakhulu ye-bronchorrhea. I-BAC manje isetshenziselwa kabusha njengehlobo le- lung adenocarcinoma , kodwa lisalokhu lenza lokhu kuphazamiseka kwamanzi kubantu abaphila nokuxilongwa okusha.
- I-bronchitis engapheliyo: I-bronchitis engapheli yindlela yokugula okungavamile yokuphazamiseka kwe-pulmonary (COPD) evezwe ukuvuvukala kwe-bronchi.
- I-asthma, ikakhulukazi i-asthma ekhwehlela: I-asthma e-cough-variant i-atypical ye-asthma lapho uphawu olulodwa kuphela ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa lukhwehlela.
- Amanye ama-poisonings: Ukushisa ngamakhemikhali aziwa nge-organophosphates (ama-anticholineterase pesticides) kuyimbangela enkulu ye-bronchorrhea.
- Isifo sofuba
- I-Bronchiectasis: I- Bronchiectasis yindlela ye-COPD evame ukubangelwa yizifo zokuphefumula ebuntwaneni, okuholela ekuqoqweni kwe-mucus ezindizeni zomoya ngenxa yokukhulisa nokukhuphuka kwezindiza.
Izinkinga
Nakuba i-bronchorrhya ingumonakalo (nakuba ngokuvamile ivame kakhulu), kungabangela ukungavamile emzimbeni we-electrolyte. Uma kunzima, kungase kube nomphumela wokuvimbela ukucindezeleka okuphefumulayo nokuphefumula.
Ukwelapha Okuhlobene Ne-Cancer Lung
Ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kwe-bronchorrhea ukuthola nokuphatha imbangela ebalulekile, ikakhulukazi ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Kulabo abane-lung adenocarcinoma nge-bronchorrhea, ngezinye izikhathi ukuthuthukiswa okuphawulekayo nokuhle kakhulu kuye kwaphawula ngokusebenzisa imithi iTarceva (erlotinib) no-Iressa (gefitinib). Le mithi ihlose ukuguqulwa kwe-EGFR okwezinye ukwelashwa kwamaphaphu, ikakhulukazi emaphaphu adenocarcinomas, uhlobo lomdlavuza ongasona omncane wamaphaphu.
Manje sekuzizwa ukuthi wonke umuntu ohlonzwe ukuthi une-lung adenocarcinoma (kanye nomdlavuza ongasona omncane wesifo samaphaphu ngokuvamile) kufanele ahlolwe ukuhlolwa kofuzo (ukufomula kwamangqamuzana) ukuhlola ukutholakala kokuguqulwa okuguqukayo (okubhekiswe) njengokuguqulwa kwe- EGFR , ukulungiswa kwe- ALK , ukulungiswa kabusha kwe-ROS1 , nabanye.
Uma i-bronchorrhea ihlangana ngokubambisana nesifo sofuba (ngokuvamile ukutholakala kwezibulala-zinambuzane) ukwelashwa kwesifo sobuthe kubaluleke kakhulu.
Izinketho eziningi zokwelashwa ezihlukene ziye zazama ngomzamo wokunciphisa izimpawu ze-bronchorrhea. Nakuba lezi zibonakala sengathi zinikeza ukuphumula okulinganiselwe, i-steroids kanye ne-non-steroidal anti-inflammatory or class of antibiotics eyaziwa ngokuthi ama-antibiotic e-macrolide ingaba yinzuzo ethile.
I-hormone octreotide eyenziwe ngumuntu ingasiza futhi kwabanye abantu.
Ngaphansi
I-bronchorrhea yisimpawu esingavamile kakhulu lapho inani elikhulu lokuphuma kwamanzi likhuphuka emaphashini. Kungenzeka ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu, ikakhulukazi ezinye izinhlobo, kanye nezinye izimo zamaphaphu. Njengoba i-lung adenocarcinoma ibonakala iyanda, ikakhulukazi kubantu abasha abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu nabantu abangakaze babheme, kungenzeka ukuthi lesi sibonakaliso sizokhula.
Lesi sibonakaliso singase siphathwe ngokuphawulekayo nge-steroid noma i-NSAID inhalers, kodwa inzuzo enkulu kunayo yonke ekubhekaneni nomdlavuza ongaphansi.
> Imithombo:
> Popat, N., Raghavan, N. no R. McIvor. I-bronchorrhea enamandla egulini ne-bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. Isifuba . 2012. 141 (2): 513-4.
> Remi, C., Remi, J., noC. Ukuphathwa Kwemithi Ye-Bronchorrhea Ngezifo Ezibulalayo: Ukuhlaziywa Kwezincwadi Ezihlelekile. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management . 2016. 51 (5): 916-25.
> Rubin, B., Priftis, K., Schmidt, H., noMnu Henke. Ukuzimela ngokucophelela nokuphefumula kwe-pulpary mucus hypersecretion. Isifuba . 2014. 146 (2): 496-507.
> Rogers, D. Ukuzivocavoca kwe-airway mucus secretion kanye ne-pathophysiology ye-hypersecretion. Ukunakekelwa kokuphefumula . 2007. 52 (9): 1134-46.
> Thotahil, Z., no J. Long. I-Erlotinib iphumelela ngokumelene ne-bronchorrhea engenalutho evela kumdlavuza ongaphambilini omncane wesifo samaphaphu. I-Journal ye-Thoracic Oncology . 2007. 2 (9): 881-2.