Imisipha yezintambo iyisiqephu semisipha emikhulu, enamandla ehamba ngemuva kwethanga, kusukela emagcekeni aphansi kuze kube ngemuva kwethambo le-shin. Imisipha ye-hamstring ibalulekile emisebenzini yabo kokubili yokwandisa ukuhlanganiswa kwe-hip bese iguqa ngamadolo.
Lezi zihluthulelo zintambo zisetshenziselwa imisebenzi eminingi yemidlalo, kanye nasemisebenzini evamile yansuku zonke.
Ezemidlalo ezivame ukubangela ukulimala kokukhwabanisa kufaka phakathi imidlalo ye-sprinting ehilela ukusheshisa okusheshayo. Lezi zihlanganisa ithrekhi nensimu, ibhola lebhola.
Ukulimala kwe-hamstring kungase kube khona ngenxa yokushaya ngokuqondile emisipha, njengokukhishwa ngemuva kwethanga noma ukuwela ngemuva kwethanga. Ama-hamstring aphikisana nawo ahlukile emithini yokudonsa, nakuba ingabangela izimpawu ezifanayo.
Ukucindezelwa kwe-Hamstring okugxilisiwe
I-hamstring evunyiwe, ebizwa nangokuthi i- hamstring strain , iyinyembezi yezintambo zomfutho we-muscle fibers. Izinyembezi ze-Hamstring zivame ukufakwa ngokufanayo nezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zemisipha:
- Ibanga I-Hamstring Strain: Ukungahambi kahle, kaningi akukho ukukhubazeka. Ukuqothula amafayili emisipha kuyinto encane, ngokuyisisekelo ukwelula imisipha kude kakhulu. Ngokuvamile ukulinganiselwa okuncane emsebenzini.
- Ibanga lesi-2 le-Hamstring Strain: Ukunganaki okulinganiselwe, kunganciphisa ikhono lomgijimi ukwenza imisebenzi efana nokugijima nokweqa. Kungaba nokuvuvukala nokuzilimaza okulinganiselayo.
- I-Grade III I-Hamstring Strain: Ukulimala okukhulu okungabangela ubuhlungu ngokuhamba. Imfucumfucu ye-muscle ikhululeke kakhulu noma igqunywe ngokuphelele, okungase kudingeke ukuthi kungene ukuhlinzwa. Ngokuvamile iziguli zikhononda nge-muscle spasm, ukuvuvukala, nokulimala okuphawulekayo.
Imisipha yezinhlanzi kanye nezinyembezi ngokuvamile zikhona ngenxa yalokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukuchithwa kwe-eccentric.
Uma ukuvinjelwa kwe-eccentric ye-muscle kwenzeka, imisipha izama ukuvumelanisa ngenkathi enye amandla (umhlabathi, omunye umdlali, njll) uphoqa umsila ohlangothini oluhlukile. Lokhu kubangela ubunzima obunzima emisipha, futhi uma amandla enamandla ngokwanele, ayoqeda imicu ye-muscle.
Ukulimala kwemisipha kubuye kuvame ngoba imisipha igxuma ngaphezulu kokukodwa. Imvelaphi ye-hamstring ingxenyeni engezansi yesikhumba, futhi ukufakwa kufinyelele engxenyeni engenhla yesithambo shin. Ngakho-ke, i-muscle iwela i-hip kanye namadolo. Ukunyakaza kokubili kwalezi zingxenyana kungakhuphula amandla okusebenza emisipha. Eminye imisipha ewela ngaphezulu kokukodwa (okufana ne- gastrocnemius, noma imisipha yamathole ) nayo iyakwazi ukulimala kakhulu.
Izimpawu Ze-Hamstring Eboshiwe
Izimpawu ze-hamstring ezithwetshiwe zixhomeke ebukhulu bokulimala. Ukulimala kwe-hamstring ngokuvamile kuvele kungazelelwe futhi kubuhlungu. Ezinye izimpawu ezivamile zihlanganisa:
- I-Bruising: Izinyembezi ezincane ngaphakathi kwe-muscle zibangelwa ukuphuma kwegazi kanye nokulimala okulandelayo. Ukulimaza kuqala ngemuva kwethanga, futhi njengoba isikhathi sidlula ukulimala kuzodlula phansi phansi emadolweni futhi kaningi kuya enyaweni.
- Ukuvuvukala: Ukuqoqwa kwegazi kusukela ekulimaweni kwe-hamstring kubangela ukuvuvukala kwethanga. Lokhu kungenza ukuhlukumeza komzimba kube nzima futhi kubuhlungu. Ukugqoka ibhande lokucindezela kungasiza ukulawula ukuvuvukala.
- I-Muscle Spasm: Ukugaya isisindo kuyisimo esivamile futhi esibuhlungu sokulimala komkhonto. Ngenxa yokuhlukumezeka kuya kumisipha, izimpawu zokuqhaqhazela zididekile, futhi imisipha ingase ivuselelwe. Uma ezinzima, iziphumuli ze-muscle zingasiza nge-spasms.
- Ubunzima Ngokwehlukana Kwemisipha: Ukuguqa ngamadolo kuvame ukubuhlungu ngemva kokukhishwa kwesisu, futhi kungavimbela isiguli ukuba singahambi ngendlela evamile. Uma ungeke ukwazi ukubopha insika, isisipha singase siphume ngokuphelele.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Hamstring ekhishwe
Ukwelashwa kwe-hamstring evotyiwe kuxhomeke ekuqotheni kokulimala. Ngenxa yokuphuma nokuvuvukala, abagijimi kufanele bayeke umsebenzi wabo bese bephumula ngokushesha.
Iphakethe leqhwa ne-compress bandage lingasetshenziswa ukulawula ukuvuvukala. Amathrekhi angadingeka uma ukuhamba kuba buhlungu noma uma izigaxa zikhulu. Uma ubuhlungu bubalulekile, noma uma izimpawu zingavumi ukuxazulula, ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kufanele kutholakale. Izimpawu zokubona udokotela zihlanganisa:
- Unenkinga yokuhamba
- Ubuhlungu buphawuleka futhi abukhululekile ngokuphumula
- Ucabanga ukuthi ungaba nokuqedwa okuphelele kwekhanda
Ngeshwa, ngaphandle kokwelashwa okufanele, ukunqanda ukulimala kwemisipha kungabangela izimpawu eziphindaphindiwe. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi, ngokuphathwa ngendlela efanele, lezi zimele zingavinjelwa, futhi abagijimi ngokuvamile babuyela emazingeni aphelele, amazinga okulimala okwenza umsebenzi wezemidlalo.
Imithombo:
I-Noonan TJ, noGarrett WE, "Ukulimala komzimba we-Muscle: ukuxilongwa nokuphathwa" J. Am. I-Acad. I-Ortho. Ukuhlinzwa., Jul 1999; 7: 262 - 269.