Iyini i-Hemophilia futhi ihlangene kanjani ne-HIV?
Ngaphambi kokuba kuhlolwe njalo ukuhlinzeka ngegazi, abantu abathola igazi nemikhiqizo yegazi babekwa engozini enkulu yokuthola i- HIV . Eqinisweni, kusukela engxenyeni yokuqala yenkinga ye-AIDS eminyakeni yama-1980 no-90, ingozi yokudluliselwa kwegazi kuya kwegazi ibhekwa njengezinga eliphezulu kakhulu ukubeka abantu abanezifo ezinzima njengamazinga aphezulu okubeka ingozi (isimo esabangelwa umhlaba amacala aphakanyisiwe kaRicky Ray, uRyan White no-Elizabeth Glaser).
Kuyini i-Hemophilia?
I-Hemophilia yisifo esiyinkinga yokuphuma kwegazi esichazwe ngaphansi kwezici ezivame ukwedlula ezivamile egazini. Ngamazinga aphansi angavamile okwehlukanisa, ukuxosha igazi kuqhubeka isikhathi eside lapho isiguli sisengozini yokugaya okungavamile.
Abantu abahlala ne-hemophilia badinga ukunakekelwa esibhedlela ngenxa yokuphuma kwamagciwane njengezimbongolo namadolo noma ukuphuma okungavamile ngemuva kokuhlukunyezwa noma ukuphuka esikhumbeni. Ngenxa yokuthi i-hemophilia ihlotshaniswa nobulili ekunqumeni izakhi zofuzo, i-hemophilia cishe imishado yabantu kuphela.
Kungani i-Hemophilia ne-HIV ihlanganisiwe?
Ngaphambi kuka-1992, kwakungekho ithuluzi lokuhlola lokutholakala ukuthi isiqiniseko sokuthi imikhiqizo yegazi eyanikezwa ingenayo i-HIV. Ngeshwa, abantu abaphila ne-hemophilia badinga ukumpontshelwa okuvamile izici zokugaya ukuze kugcinwe uhlelo olujwayelekile lwe-clotting system.
Ngakho-ke, lezo ziguli ze-hemophilia zithola isici sokuqedwa esingagcini futhi esingavunyelwe ngaphambi kuka-1992 zacatshangelwa engozini enkulu yokuthola i-HIV ngemikhiqizo yegazi okwakusindisa izimpilo zabo.
Ukwengeza engozini enkulu kakade kwakuyindlela yokunikezwa kwegazi, ukuxuba ukunikela ngeminikelo egazini evela kubanikeli abahlukile kuncike ekuhloleni kwegazi kuphela, okusho ukuthi ngisho neminikelo engalungile yayingcolile ngegciwane lesandulela ngculazi.
Indaba kaRicky Ray
U-Ricky Ray nabafowabo ababili babeyizinkinga ze-hemophiliac futhi bathola ukumpontshelwa njalo kwemikhiqizo yegazi ukuze balondoloze uhlelo lwabo lokugubha.
Ngeshwa, bonke abathathu banesandulela ngculazi kulokho okwakucatshangwa ukuthi yi-HIV ehlanjululwe imikhiqizo yegazi. Babengekho bodwa.
Abantu abangaphezu kuka-10 000 abaphila ne-hemophilia banesandulela ngculaza ngale ndlela ngesikhathi sezingxenyeni zokuqala zesifo. Okwenze izinto zibe zimbi nakakhulu ukuthi kamuva kwavezwa ukuthi ama-ejenti ayenganaki izixwayiso ukuthi i-HIV isakazeka ngokushesha ngabantu base-hemophilia futhi akenzanga lutho kubanikeli be-pre-screen.
Indaba kaRicky Ray iyingozi kakhulu. Ngemva kokuthola ukuthi unesandulela ngculaza, uRicky nabafowabo baxoshwa esikoleni ngenxa yokwesaba ukuthi bazosakaza i-HIV kwabanye abafundi. Ekugcineni, baphoqeleka ukuba bafihle ngemuva kokuthi indlu yabo ishiswe ngabahlaseli abangaziwa.
Ngakho-ke lokhu kwakungenabulungisa kangangokuthi, ngo-1998, iCongress yadlulisa uMthetho Wezikhwama Zesixhaso SamaRicky Ray Hemophilia, ukukhokhela labo bantu abagulayo abane-HIV kusukela ngoJulayi 1, 1982 kuya kuDisemba 31, 1987.
Uyini isimo se-Hemophilia ne-HIV namuhla?
Namuhla, kunamathuluzi amaningi okuhlola okuvimbela igazi elinegciwane lesandulela ngculaza ukungena egazini.
Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1990, emva kokufika kwegazi jikelele kanye nezicubu zokuhlola izicubu, kanye nokwethulwa kokuhlolwa kwesandulela-ngculaza esisha , ingozi elinganisiwe yokuthola igciwane lesandulela ngculazi ekumpompheni kwegazi kwaba cishe ngamacala angu-600,000.
Ngonyaka ka-2003, leyo ngozi yayibonakala ibe yi-1 ku-1.8 million.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela ngo-1999 kuya ku-2003, kuphela abantu baseMelika abathathu abalelwa ku-2.5 million abamukeli begazi abaqinisekisile ukuthi bathole i-HIV ngokumpontshelwa kwegazi ngemuva kokuhlola okungalungile kwe- HIV.
Imithombo:
UMnyango WezeMpilo waseMelika kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu (DHHS). "IsiKhwama Sokuxhaswa KwamaRicky Ray Hemophilia; I-Register Register". Washington, DC; Ngo-September 29, 2005 .
I-Schreiber, G.; Busch, M .; UKleinman, uS .; et al. "I-Risk of Transfusion-Transmitted Infections Eyingozi. I-Retrovirus Epidemiology I-Donor Study." I-New England Journal of Medicine . Juni 27, 1996; 334 (26): 1685-1690.