Uma uye waba nesifo senhliziyo (esibizwa nangokuthi i- infarction ye-myocardial , noma i-MI), manje uyazi okuthile ngawe okungenzeka ungakazi ngaphambili. Uyazi ukuthi une- coronary artery disease (CAD) . Lokhu kubalulekile ulwazi.
(Nakuba ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo kungabangelwa ezinye izimo , i-CAD iyimbangela enkulu kakhulu. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unayo i-CAD.)
I-CAD ingukugula okungapheli okuvame ukuthinta imishanguzo ye-coronary endaweni engaphezu kweyodwa, futhi lokho kuvame ukuqhubeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi udinga ukuthatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa izinkinga zakho zokuba nomunye uMasipala esikhathini esizayo.
Ukuze uvimbele esinye isifo senhliziyo, wena nodokotela wakho kuzodinga ukuxazulula izinkinga ezimbili ezihlukene. Okokuqala, kuzodingeka uthathe isinyathelo ukuze uvimbele ukuphuka kabusha kwe- plaque ye- atherosclerotic eyenza i-MI yakho. Okwesibili, kuzodingeka wenze konke ongakwenza ukuze unciphise noma unqande ukuqhubekela phambili kwe-CAD yakho engaphansi.
Ukunciphisa Ingozi Esheshayo
Iziguli ezisinda i-MI zingase zibe nengozi eyengeziwe yokubhekana nokuphindaphindiwe kwe -coronary syndrome (ACS) ngaphakathi kwamasonto ambalwa noma izinyanga ezimbalwa. I-ACS - eyabangelwa ukuqhekeka kwe-plaque - ikhiqiza i- angina engaqiniseki noma enye i-MI.
Lezi "zokuqala" zokuphindaphinda kwe-ACS zivame ukubangelwa ukuphuka kabusha kwe-plaque efanayo eyabangela i-MI yasekuqaleni.
Ingozi yokuba nokuphindaphindiwe kwesikhashana iphakeme lapho i-plaque "yecala" isaqhubeka nokuvimbela okuyingxenye ebalulekile emthonjeni we-coronary.
Uma i-MI yakho enzima iphathwa ngendlela engavumelani (okungukuthi, nge- angioplasty esheshayo futhi ehlabayo), khona-ke i-plateprit plaque cishe izobe isetshenziswe.
Le ndaba ihlukile uma kunalokho uphathwa ngokungavumeleki ngezidakamizwa ze-thrombolytic . Lezi zidakamizwa - ezibizwa nangokuthi "i-clot-busters" - vula umshini ovame ukwenziwa ngokusula i-clot yegazi eliyingozi eyenzeka nge-ACS. Kodwa-ke, i-plaque ye-culprit ihlala iyinkinga. Ngakho, ngaphambi kokuba usuke esibhedlela kuyoba kubalulekile ukuhlola ukuthi ukuvinjelwa okuyingxenye ebalulekile kusekhona. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungenziwa nge- catheterization ye-cardia , noma ukutadisha / ukutadisha kwe-thallium .
Uma kunqunywa ukuthi ukuvinjelwa okuphawulekayo kuhlala, udokotela wakho uzoxoxa nawe ngezinketho zokwelapha okuhloswe ngazo ukuvimbela ukuphindaphinda kokuqala kwe-ACS - okuzofaka ukwelashwa kwe-CAD , i-angioplasty, ne-stenting, noma i- coronary artery bypass grafting .
Ukunciphisa Ingozi Yesikhathi Eside
Ngokuvamile ngemva kwe-MI, iziguli zishiywe ngeso lengqondo lokuthi, yebo, zinezinkinga ezibalulekile zezokwelapha, kepha manje sezibhekiswe nazo, futhi zingakwazi ukuqhubeka nokuphila kwazo njengokungathi akuningi okushintshile.
Akukho lutho oluqhubekayo eqinisweni. Ngeke kugcizelelwe kakhulu ukuthi isifo so-atherosclerosis yisifo esiqhubekayo esingapheli ngokuvamile esithinta izindawo eziningana ngaphakathi kwemithambo ye-coronary.
Noma iyiphi i-plaque ye-atherosclerotic - kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isayizi yayo - ingahle ihlukane futhi ikhiqize i-ACS.
Ngakho-ke uma usuvele ube ne-MI, kuzomele wenze konke ongakwenza ukuze unciphise noma unqande ukuqhubekela phambili kwalolu hlelo lwenqubo yesifo. Lokhu kuzodinga ukuzibophezela okukhulu engxenyeni yakho, nakuzo odokotela bakho.
Kunezindawo ezimbili ezijwayelekile wena nodokotela wakho kuzodingeka uxazulule - ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kanye nezinguquko zokuphila. Ilula kakhulu ukuphathwa kwezidakamizwa.
Ukwelashwa Kwezidakamizwa Ngemva Kokuhlasela Kwezinhliziyo
Ukuze usize ukuvimbela i-MIs yesikhathi esizayo, kufanele unikezwe izidakamizwa eziye zaboniswa ukuthi zinganciphisa ukuqhubekela phambili kwe-CAD noma zivimbele ukukhishwa okungazelelwe kwe-artery coronary disease (ngokuvimbela ukuvinjelwa kwegazi okuyingozi okubangela ukukhishwa).
Lezi zidakamizwa ziyi-statins ne-aspirin.
Izitatimende: Izilingo eziningana zemitholampilo manje zibonisa ukuthi ukuthatha isidakamizwa se-statin ngemuva kokuba i-MI inciphise kakhulu ingozi yokuba nomunye i-MI, futhi ingozi yokufa. Lo mphumela usebenza ngisho nasezigulini ezinama-cholesterol amazinga aphezulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke ngaphandle uma ungakwazi nje ukubekezelela izitho, kufanele uthathe enye emva kokuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo yakho.
I-Aspirin: I- aspirin inciphisa "ukunamathela" kwamapuleletti egazi, ngaleyo ndlela inciphisa ithuba lokuthuthukisa i-clot yegazi esakhiweni se-plaque ye-atherosclerotic. I-aspirin iboniswe ngokunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokufa ezigulini ezine-CAD eyaziwa, futhi kufanele imiswe kuwo wonke ama-MI ngaphandle uma kunezizathu eziqinile ukungabi khona.
Udokotela wakho angase anqume ukukunikeza imithi ehlose ukuvimbela angina . Le mithi ingafaka i- nitrate , noma i- calcium channel blockers .
Ngaphezu kwalesi sidakamizwa, kufanele futhi uthole ama-block blockers ne-ACE inhibitors ukusiza ukuvimbela ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo.
Izinkinga Zokuphila Ngemva Kokuhlasela Kwezinhliziyo
Okubalulekile njengoba ukwelapha izidakamizwa kuyizinguquko zokuphila ezizokwehlisa ingozi yakho yesikhathi eside ngemuva kwe-MI. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukufeza nokugcina isisindo esihle, ukuqala ukudla okunempilo , ukuphelisa ukusebenzisa ugwayi, ukuzuza ukulawula kahle kwesifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu (uma ukhona), nokuzivocavoca njalo.
Wonke umuntu uyaqonda ukuthi ukwenza lezi zinguquko zokuphila kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunokuthatha iphilisi. Kodwa khumbula: ukuthola ukuxilongwa kwe-CAD kuyisimo sezingalo. Unesifo esingaba sibi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngaphandle kokuthi uhlasele sengathi uzohlasela ukuxilongwa komdlavuza. Ukwelashwa akulula, kodwa ngokuvamile kusebenza kahle. Ngakho zenzele ngokwakho, gxila, futhi wenze izinguquko zokuphila okudingeka ukwenze.
Isici esibalulekile sokusiza ukufeza lezi zinguquko zokuphila ezibucayi kungukuthi udokotela wakho akubhekise ohlelweni oluhle lokuvuselela inhliziyo. Odokotela abaningi kakhulu, ngeshwa, ukunganaki lesi sinyathelo esibalulekile. Uma okhokho bakhohlwayo, umkhumbuze.
Uzophinde ufune ukubuza udokotela wakho ngokuqondile uma kuphephile ukuthi uphinde uqale ukushayela, ubulili , kanye neminye imisebenzi ozofisa ukuqhubeka nayo ngokushesha uma iphephile.
Nakhu okunye okudingeka ukwenze ngemuva kwe-MI
- Ukuvimbela ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo
- Ukuvimbela ukufa okungazelelwe
- Uhla lokuhlola lwe-Post-Heart-Attack
Imithombo:
U-O'Gara PT, uKushner FG, u-Ascheim DD, et al. 2013 ACCF / AHA isiqondiso sokuphathwa kwe-ST-elevation infarction ye-ST-elevation infarction: umbiko we-American College of Cardiology Foundation / American Heart Association Task Force on Guidelines Practice. Ukujikeleza 2013; 127: e362.
Smith, SC Jr, Allen, J, Blair, SN, et al. Imikhombandlela ye-AHA / ACC yokuvikela kwesibili iziguli ezine-coronary nezinye izifo zesifo se-atherosclerotic: Isibuyekezo sika-2006 esiqinisekisiwe yi-National Heart, Lung, ne-Blood Institute. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 47: 2130.