Esigwini esempumalanga soLwandle OluMnyama naseningizimu-ntshonalanga yesifunda saseCaucasus yindawo eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-Abkhazia (noma i-Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia). Ukuhlala lapho ezintabeni zaseCaucasus eningizimu yeRussia yi-Abkhasia, umphakathi wabantu abaziwa ngokuphila kwabo okungapheli nokuphila kwabo. Leli qembu elincane labantu liye lahlala lidumela lokuphila okude kakhulu nokuphilile.
Eqinisweni, ngawo-1960 kanye no-1970, kuye kwenziwa izimangalo ezenzelwe abantu abaphila eminyakeni engu-150, imishado eneminyaka engu-110, ngisho nezindaba zamadoda abeletha izingane eneminyaka engu-136! Isimangalo esikhulu kunazo zonke, esenziwe yiSoviet Union esicashile inkulumo-mbumbulu, kwakunguyena umuntu wase-Abkhasi ogama lakhe linguShirali Muslimov owafinyelela eminyakeni engu-168 ephawulekayo. AmaSoviet amhlonipha yena nokuphila kwakhe isikhathi eside ngesitembu sokuthumela, eshiye abanye ukuba babuze, yizindaba eziyiqiniso?
I-Abkhasia Indala Kangakanani?
Ngamane nje, izindaba eziyisimangaliso zaminyaka eyikhulu namakhulu ama-supercentenarians zazingekho iqiniso ngokuphelele. Njengoba kulindeleke, kwakhiwa ama-hype amaningi ezungeze izinganekwane ze-Abkhasia. Isiko lama-Abkhasian sabuvuza kakhulu ubudala, abantu abaningi banokuqhathanisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengezindaba eziningi ezingakholwanga, iqiniso cishe lalivele liqhubekele phambili ngokuchazwa kwendlovu yesimanje.
Naphezu kwezindaba ezithuthumayo, abantu base-Abkhasi basesezinkampanini eziphila kakhulu kunazo zonke emlandweni wanamuhla nabaningi abangaphezu kwekhulu kunamanye amazwe emhlabeni wonke - futhi namanje.
Ngaphandle kwaleyo ngqikithi, ama-Abkhasia nawo aphakathi kwabantu abagugile kakhulu-kokubili ngokwengqondo nangokomzimba. Abadala baye baziwa ukugijima nezintaba, ukuhleka nokudansa. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi abantu base-Abkhasi bahlala isikhathi eside kangakanani, kubonakala sengathi abahlupheki neze-disease engapheli esinazo namuhla, okungenzeka ngenxa enkulu kakhulu emasikweni, emphakathini nasekuphileni kwabo.
Uhlelo lwabo lokuzivocavoca
I-Abkhasia ihlala ezintabeni futhi isebenzisa cishe zonke izinsuku ezikhuphukayo phansi, futhi phezulu nangaphansi emoyeni omncane wezintaba. Lo msebenzi oqhubekayo kuthiwa ugcine amalungu asekudala ase-Abkhasia afanele ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokufaneleka noma ukuzivocavoca okusemthethweni.
Ukudla
Ngaphandle kokuphila okusebenzayo kuphela, i-Abkhasia nayo iyaziwa ngokulandela ukudla okunamapulazi amaningi, kugcizelela okuhlanzekile (njengokungokuthi "okukhethiwe-lokhu-ekuseni-ekuseni" okusha) ukudla, okusanhlamvu okugcwele kanye namantongomane. Usuku luvame ukuqala ngesaladi elisha lemifino eluhlaza evunwa engadini. Amantongomane asetshenziselwa cishe zonke izidlo, ephethe inani lokuvimbela i- antioxidant , futhi aziwa ngamatzoni awo, isiphuzo sobisi olukhuliswe. Kodwa mhlawumbe kubalulekile njengokuthi abantu base-Abkhasi badla yilokho abangadli. Ziwumphakathi ongaqothulisi ufulawa ocolile, amafutha, noma ushukela.
Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi i-Abkhasia eyaziwa ngokudla okusha, kodwa futhi nokudla kwayo yonke i-caloric. Ukudla okujwayelekile kwe-Abkhasian kuqukethe kahle ngaphansi kwama-calories angu-2000 ngosuku. I-Abkhasia ayidli ukudla okwanele kuphela kepha ngokungafaniyo ayidli kakhulu, okungesiyinto emangazayo kubacwaningi abaningi abaphila isikhathi eside njengoba kutholakala ukulinganisa kwe-caloric ekukhuliseni ukukhulisa isikhathi sokuphila ezimweni ze-laboratory.
"Imfihlo" Yabo Eminyaka Eyinkulungwane
Ochwepheshe abaningi bayavuma ukuthi ayikho imfihlo eyodwa kuphela ebuntwini besikhathi eside se-Abkhasian. Ngaphandle kokuphila okusebenzayo nokudla okulinganiselwe, kepha okunomsoco, i-Abkhasia nayo ibe nemathonya amasiko amandla okungenzeka abe nomthelela ekwenzeni inani lamalungu omphakathi aphile kahle eminyakeni engamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye namakhulu. Uma uthatha isifundo esisodwa ku-Abkhasia, ake kube lokhu: bayakujabulela ngempela ukuguga. Njengeqembu, ngokungafani neningi lezwe lonke, balangazelela ukuguga. Ubudala buyabanika isimo emphakathini wabo, inhlonipho ejulile, nomqondo wendawo.
Ngisho nasekugugeni kwabo, ama-Abkhasi akakaze abonakale "ashiye umhlalaphansi" empilweni yaseNtshonalanga yegama futhi ahlale ehlanganyela ngokuhlanganyela emphakathini wabo kuze kube sekupheleni kokuphila kwabo.
Imithombo:
I-Benet, i-Sula. Abase-Abkhasi: Abantu Abade Abaphila ECaucasus . ENew York: Holt, Rinehart, noWinston.
URobbins, uJohn. Iphilile ku-100: Izimfihlo Zesayensi Ezivelele Zabantu Abaphila Kakhulu Futhi Abade Kakhulu Emhlabeni . I-New York: I-Random House, ngo-2006.