Ukuhlola indaba ebomvu ye-Brain
I-Microglia yizingqamuzana ezincane emgodini wezinzwa zomphakathi (CNS), oqukethe ubuchopho bakho nomgogodla. Ngesikhathi bebancane, banendima enkulu yokudlala: bayindlela yokuqala yokuzivikela ohlelweni lwe-immune elalinikezelwe yi-CNS.
Igama elithi "glia" ngokwezwi nezwi lisho "iglue." Amaseli we-glial afika ngamafomu amaningi futhi enza umsebenzi ohlukene wokusekela we-neurons, kuhlanganise nokuhlanza kwamakhemikhali asetshenzisiwe (inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-reuptake) nokuvimba ama-neuron (njengama-sheels angu-myelin), okubalulekile ukuba asebenze kahle.
(Ukulimala kwe-myelin sheaths kuyisici esibalulekile se- multiple sclerosis .)
Micro kusho "encane," ngakho "microglia" ngokwezwi nezwi lisho amangqamuzana amancane glial.
I-Microglia iyakwazi ukuhamba ngokukhululekile ebuchosheni nasemkholwaneni womgogodla ezindaweni lapho kukhona ukulimala noma ukutheleleka. Lapho lapho, bakhonza njenge-alamu uhlelo ngokuxwayisa ezinye izingxenye zesistimu yomzimba kulesi sinkinga ukuze umzimba wakho uzame ukukulungisa. Ukugijima kwabo akukwenziwa uma i-alamu iphakanyisiwe, noma kunjalo. I-Microglia nayo ingxenye ebalulekile yokuphendula inkinga.
Njengamanye ama-response omzimba omzimba, umsebenzi we-microglial ungadala ukuvuvukala. Ukuvuvukala yingxenye ebalulekile yenqubo yokuphulukisa, ngakho ngaleyo ndlela, into enhle. Uma kungapheli, ukuvuvukala kungaholela ezinkingeni eziningi zempilo ngaphandle kokubuhlungu kanye nokungahambi kahle.
Esikhathini sezesayensi yezokwelapha, i-microglia yinto entsha yokuthola futhi kuningi esingakayiqondi ngakho.
Noma kunjalo, ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi bahileleke cishe kuzo zonke izifo zezinzwa.
Inkungu ye-Microglia ne-Brain
E-fibromyalgia ne-chronic fatigue syndrome, i-microglia ingase ibe enye yezinto eziphilayo ezihilelekile ekusebenziseni ukungakwazi ukuqonda (aka fibro fog noma ubuchopho buchopho.) Abanye abacwaningi bacabanga ukuthi ukutholakala kwamamolekli athile ebuchosheni bethu kungase kuthole i-microglia ekhuthele futhi esebenzayo, eyanda ukuvuvukala endaweni futhi kuphazamise indlela ubuchopho bethu obusebenza ngayo kuleyo ndawo.
Ukutadisha kuka-2014 kuphakamisa ukuthi ukusebenza okusebenzayo okungagcwele emgodini kungase kube nomthwalo wemfanelo, okungenani ngeyingxenye, ngezinhlobo ezimbili zobuhlungu ezingavamile ku-syndrome engapheliyo: i- hyperalgesia emisipha, ne- allodynia engumshini . Zombili lezi zinhlungu zobuhlungu ziyizici eziyinhloko ze-fibromyalgia.
I-hyperalgesia yikhulisa ubuhlungu yi-system central neyesisindo, ngokuyisisekelo "ukuguqula ivolumu." Yingakho ukulimala kulimaza ikakhulukazi, futhi ubuhlungu obubuhlungu obusenakho kusukela ngaphambi kokugula okungapheli kwanda kakhulu lapho i-fibromyalgia noma isifo esingapheliyo sokukhathala sezwa.
I-Allodynia ubuhlungu kusuka into evame ukungabangela ubuhlungu. I-allodynia yemishini ubuhlungu obubangelwa ngokunyakaza. Lokho kusho ukusilisa okuncane noma okuthile okuncane njengokugqoka izingubo ezibhekene nesikhumba sakho kungabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu.
Olunye ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi i-microglia nayo ihilelekile ku-tactile allodynia (ubuhlungu obuvela ekucindezelekeni okukhanya, njengokungathi i-waistband) futhi kungabangela noma kubangele ubuhlungu ngezinye izindlela ngaphandle kokuvuvukala. (Yiziphi lezi zindlela ezikhona abacwaningi abangakapheli.)
Ucwaningo lwezofuzo kubantu abane fibromyalgia lubonisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi izakhi ezithile zegciwane zingabangela ubuhlungu ngokusakaza umsebenzi we-microglia emgodleni.
Lezi zifundo azisisi nje ukuthi siqonde ukuthi yini ebangela izimpawu ze-fibromyalgia nesifo esingapheliyo ukukhathala kodwa sisisize sikwazi ukukhomba amathekisthi ocwaningo nophenyo. Okungenani umuthi owodwa okholelwa ukuthi unciphisa umsebenzi we-microglia -dose low-naltrexone -has wathola ukunakekelwa kokucwaninga ngalezi zimo. Lesi sidakamizwa sesivele sisemakethe kodwa kuze kube manje asivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa kulezi zimo, ngakho-ke kufanele inqunywe ngaphandle kwelebula.
Imithombo:
U-Graeber MB, uChristie MJ. I-neurology yokuhlola. 2012 Apr; 234 (2): 255-61. Izindlela eziningi ze-microglia: umnikelo wesango lomnyango wesilonda ebuhlungu.
Ukukhanya KC, et al. Ucwaningo lobuhlungu kanye nokwelashwa. 2012; 2012: 427869. Izakhi zofuzo kanye nesiginja sezakhi ezihilela ukucindezeleka nokucindezeleka endleleni e-fibromyalgia ngaphandle nangaphandle kwe-comorbid chronic fatigue syndrome.
I-Tambuyzer BR, uPonsaerts P, i-Nouwen EJ. Journal of biology leukocyte. 2009 Mar; 85 (3): 352-70. I-Microglia: abalindisango besimiso se-central immunology system.
I-theoharides TC, et al. Imingcele e-neuroscience. 2015 Jul 3; 9: 225. Ubuchopho "ubunkungu," ukuvuvukala nokukhuluphala; Izici eziyinhloko zezifo ze-neuropsychiatric zithuthukiswa yi-luteolin.
Yasui M, et al. Glia. 2014 Sep; 62 (9): 1407-17. Imodeli ye-syndrome engapheli ibonisa i-allodynia engumshini kanye ne-hyperalgesia yemisipha nge-activation spin microglial.