Izinhlobo ze-Phototherapy, Izinzuzo, ne-Drawbacks
I-phototherapy, eyaziwa nangokuthi ukwelashwa okulula, ingenye yezokwelapha eziphumelelayo kakhulu ze- psoriasis . Kuhlanganisa ukuveza isikhumba ku-UV energy. Kuye kwaziwa amakhulu eminyaka ukuthi ukukhanya kwelanga kungathuthukisa izifo eziningi zesikhumba ezivuthayo, kuhlanganise ne-psoriasis, i- eczema , ne-vitiligo. Kodwa yikuphi okuyi-phototherapy? Isebenza kanjani? Yimiphi imiphumela emibi?
Futhi kungenzeka yini kube yindlela enhle yokwelashwa ngawe?
Ingemuva: Amandla kagesi
Ilanga lethu linikeza amandla kagesi kagesi ngamafomu ahlukahlukene. Okunye kwalokhu kuza ngendlela yokukhanya. Kodwa ilanga libuye linikeze nezinye izinhlobo zamandla kagesi. I-Ultraviolet (UV) energy ibhekisela kumandla kagesi ane-wavevelthi emifushane namandla amaningi kunokukhanya okubonakalayo esikubonayo:
- Ngokucacile, imisebe ye-UVA inesilinganiso sobude esiseduze nalokho kokukhanya okubonakalayo.
- Imisebe ye-UVB isilandela. Lolu hlobo lwemisebe lune-wavevel ende. Unamandla angaphezu kwamamitha we-UVA.
Izingozi ezikhona ze-UV Radiation
Womabili ama-UV kanye nama-UVB angena emkhathini. Ukuvezwa okukhulu kule mibala kungalimaza isikhumba. Ngokuqondile, i-UVB iyimbangela eyinhloko yokushisa kwelanga, futhi kokubili i-UVA ne-UVB idlala indima ekugugeni isikhumba nomdlavuza wesikhumba . Yingakho kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuzivikela isikhumba, njenge-sunscreen.
Ukwelashwa kwe-UV kwe-Psoriasis
Nge-psoriasis, ukuvezwa okuncane okukhanyisa emisebeni ye-UV kungaba nemiphumela enhle. Imisebe ye-UV inemiphumela yokuzivikela e-immunosuppressive ne-anti-inflammatory kumaseli esikhumba sakho. Ngenxa yokuthi i-psoriasis ihilela ukwedlula isikhumba esiningi ngokweqile, ukuvezwa kwale mibala kungasiza ukunciphisa izimpawu zakho.
Ososayensi namanje bafunda ngazo zonke ezinye izindlela lapho le mibala ingasiza ukuphatha i-psoriasis.
I-phototherapy ihlanganisa ukuveza indawo ethintekile ezikhanyeni ezikhethekile ze-ultraviolet. I-phototherapy iphumelela ngokukhethekile kubantu abanesifo esilinganiselwe noma esinzima esithinta ingxenye enkulu yomzimba wabo.
Izinhlobo zePhototherapy
Kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 leminyaka, odokotela baqala ukuthuthukisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zokubheka ukusiza abantu abane psoriasis. Namuhla kunezinhlobo eziningana ezihlukene ze-phototherapy etholakalayo ukuphatha i-psoriasis. Izinhlobo ezintathu ezivame ukusetshenziswa namuhla ziyi:
- I-Broadband ultraviolet B (BB-UVB)
- I-Narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB)
- I-Psoralen kanye ne-ultraviolet A (PUVA)
Yiqiniso, ifomu elilula futhi elidala kunazo zonke le-phototherapy lilula ukukhanya kwelanga okwesikhashana. Kodwa-ke, ukuze uthole imiphumela ephumelele kakhulu futhi ephephile, odokotela batusa amafomu okulawulwa kwe-phototherapy.
BB-UVB kanye ne-NB-UVB
I-BB-UVB yilona uhlobo lokuqala lwe-phototherapy oluzokwakhiwa. Kuhilela ukuveza isikhumba emanzini okukhanya okuphakathi kuka-290 no-313nm.
Eminyakeni eyalandela, abacwaningi bahlakulela uhlobo lwe-UVB yokwelapha olusebenzisa ububanzi obuncane bama-wave (phakathi kuka-308 no-313nm). Yingakho ibizwa ngokuthi "ibhande elincane." I-NB-UVB manje iyindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu yokusebenzisa i-phototherapy namuhla ngezizathu eziningana:
- Iphumelela kakhulu kune-BB-UVB.
- Ingasetshenziselwa izimo ezihlukahlukene zesikhumba ezihlukahlukene.
- Kulula ukuyisebenzisa kunezinye izinhlobo ze-phototherapy.
- Iba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa ne-BB-UVB noma i-PUVA.
Zombili izinhlobo zokwelashwa kwe-UVB nazo zingasetshenziswa ngemva kokusebenzisa ungqimba lwe-tar oqoshiwe. Le ndlela, engase isenze ukwelashwa kuphumelele nakakhulu, iyaziwa ngokuthi i-Goeckerman therapy.
PUVA
I-PUVA ingenye indlela ejwayelekile ye-phototherapy, eyesibili evamile ngemva kwe-NB-UVB. Kuyinto yokwelapha okuyingxenye ezimbili. Okokuqala usebenzisa i-substance, ebizwa ngokuthi i-psoralen, isikhathi esifushane ngaphambi kweseshini sakho se-phototherapy. Kuye ngohlobo oluthile lwe-PUVA ukwelashwa, ungasebenzisa lokhu esikhumbeni sakho noma uthathe njengepilisi.
Khona-ke uthola ukwelashwa kwe-UV, ngendlela yama-UV eva. I-Psoralen ivuselela isikhumba sakho ngakho iyophendula kahle ukuvezwa kwe-UVA. Ngenxa yokuthi i-UVA "ayinamandla" njenge-UVB (imisebe ayinayo amandla amaningi), udinga ukukhushulwa okwengeziwe kusuka ku-psoralen ukuze wenze ukwelashwa kuphumelele.
I-Laser Therapy
Enye indlela entsha futhi engasetshenziswa kakhulu ye-phototherapy yi- laser excimer therapy . Kungabhekwa njengohlobo lwe-UVB-NB yokwelapha. I-laser isebenza ngokubhekelela ukwelashwa kokukhanya phezu kwendawo encane kakhulu yesikhumba. Ama-lasers angasebenzisa ama-radiation aphezulu, angasiza isikhumba siphulukise ngokushesha. Njengamanje kuvunywe yi-US Food and Drug Administration for psoriasis emnene noma elinganisiwe.
Izinzuzo ezinokwenzeka zePhototherapy
Kukhona okwamanje izinketho eziningi zokwelapha ze-psoriasis, kuhlanganise nokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa ezindala kanye nezidakamizwa ezintsha ze-biologic. Noma kunjalo, i-phototherapy inezimfanelo ezithile ezenza kube ukhetho olubalulekile lwezokwelapha. Ezinye zazo ziyi:
- Isebenza ngendlela efanele.
- Kuyabiza imali.
- Ayinayo imiphumela emibi yezokwelapha ze-biologic nezindlela zesistimu, njengokunciphisa amasosha omzimba.
Ukwengeza, kubonakala sengathi kuphephile ukusebenzisa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngokungafani nezinye izidakamizwa ze-psoriasis.
Isikhathi Sokucabangela Phototherapy
I-phototherapy ngokuvamile ayisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa yedwa. Imithi yokwelashwa (njengama- cretic coridoside) namanje iyindlela yokwelapha eyinhloko kubantu abaningi abane-psoriasis. Uma lezi zokhilimu ze-topical zingasebenzi kahle ekulawuleni i-psoriasis yakho, udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukusebenzisa i-phototherapy njengokwelashwa okungeziwe.
I-phototherapy ivame ukusetshenziswa njengokwelashwa okwengeziwe kulezi zindlela zokwelashwa eziphezulu. Noma kunjalo ingasetshenziswa ngaphansi kwezimo ezilandelayo:
- Ngezokwelapha zokwelapha ze-psoriasis (ezifana ne- methotrexate noma i-cyclosporine)
- Ngezokwelapha ze-biologic ze-psoriasis (njenge- etanercept noma i-infliximab)
Kuphi Futhi Kwenziwe Kanjani?
I-phototherapy ivame ukusebenza ehhovisi lika-dermatologist ebhokisini lokukhanya lokuma. Kodwa-ke, ngokusungulwa kwamadivaysi amasha aphethwe ngesandla, kuye kwaba lula kubantu abaningi ukuba bazinikeze i-phototherapy ekhaya. Amadivaysi angasetshenziswa ngesandla anezinzuzo ezithile, ngoba anciphisa inani lesikhumba esingathintekile esivela emisebeni. Izibani zomzimba ophelele namabhokisi okukhanya ukuphatha izandla nezinyawo nazo ziyatholakala ekwelapheni kwekhaya.
Ngokuvamile, abantu bathola imihlangano emithathu ukuya emihlanu ngesonto emasontweni amaningana ekwelapheni. Emva kwalokho, ungase udinge izikhathi ezithile zokunakekela noma ukwelashwa okuphindaphindiwe. Ngokuvamile kuthatha imizuzu embalwa ngaphambi kokuba isikhumba sakho siqale.
Imiphumela engase ibe khona ye-Phototherapy
Abantu abaningi benza kahle nge-phototherapy. Kodwa-ke, kunemiphumela emibi engaba khona. Imiphumela emibi kakhulu yethinta indawo evezwe ku-phototherapy futhi ihlanganisa:
- Ukuvutha
- Itching
- Ukubomvu
Ngokuvamile, abantu abane-PUVA ukuphathwa ngama-phototherapy bangase babe nesicashu.
Ingozi yomdlavuza wesikhumba
I-phototherapy nayo ibonakala ikwandisa amathuba okuthola umdlavuza wesikhumba, ikakhulukazi uhlobo olubizwa ngokuthi umdlavuza wesigamane se-squamous . Le ngozi ingaphezulu kakhulu kubantu abathola ukwelashwa kwe-PUVA esikhathini eside, kepha kungenzeka ukuthi ukwelapha kwe-UVB kungase kwandise ingozi yomuntu. Ngokuqondile ukuthi ukukhathanisa okuningi kangakanani kwandisa ingozi yakho engaziwa ngokuphelele.
Akufanele usebenzise i-sunscreen ngesikhathi se-phototherapy, ngoba lokhu kuvimbela imisebe ye-UV futhi kwenza ukwelashwa kungasebenzi. Kodwa-ke, ukuze ube ohlangothini oluphephile, odokotela batusa ukuthi uhlolwe njalo isikhumba ngumchwepheshe wezokwelapha oqeqeshwe ukuhlola noma yiziphi izilonda ezingase zibe nomdlavuza. Uma unenkinga, ungangabazi ukuxoxa ngesihloko nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.
Ukucabangela
I-Phototherapy ingase ingabi yinto enhle kuwe uma:
- Yenza umlando we-albensitivity disorder
- Thatha imithi ye- photosensitizing
- Unomlando we-melanoma
- Yiba nezimo ezithile zezokwelapha ezingavamile, njenge-lupus
- Ingabe i- immunosuppressed (efana nokufakelwa komzimba)
Abantu abanekhanda elihle kakhulu bangadingeka futhi baqaphele nge-phototherapy, njengoba kungenzeka ukuthi banokucasuka.
Ukunciphisa Ukutholakala Kwe-Phototherapy
Abaningi bama-dermatologists bathanda ukuhlinzeka nge-phototherapy njengendlela yokuzikhethela ezigulini zabo, bethola ukuthi kuyindlela yokwelashwa ephumelelayo. Noma kunjalo, abantu abambalwa baye bathola ukwelashwa kwe-phototherapy eminyakeni yamuva. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yezici ezihlukahlukene, njenge:
- Ukugcizelela kakhulu ukuphathwa kwe-phototherapy ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa kwezokwelapha
- Amanani okubuyisela okuphansi ngamanye izinkampani zomshuwalense
- Izindleko ezikhulayo zezokwelapha ze-phototherapy
- Ukutholakala okukhulu kwezinye izindlela zokwelashwa
Izwi elivela
I-Phototherapy iyindlela yokwelapha yasendulo, kodwa leyo isenamandla okwelapha abantu abaningi abane-psoriasis. Uma i-psoriasis yakho ingaphansi kokulawulwa kwemithi yokwelapha yedwa, ungase ufune ukuzama ukuphawula. Njenganoma imuphi ukwelashwa, kuvela nemiphumela emibi engaba khona. Kodwa-ke, kubantu abaningi kunganikeza ukhetho oluphumelelayo oluza ngaphandle kokushiyeka kwemithi ethile ye-psoriasis.
> I-Aenter A, iKorman NJ, i-Elmets CA, et al. Iziqondiso zokunakekela ukuphathwa kwe-psoriasis kanye ne-psoriatic arthritis: Isigaba 5. Iziqondiso zokunakekela ukwelashwa kwe-psoriasis nge-phototherapy ne-photochemotherapy. J Am Acad Dermatol . 2010; 62 (1): 114-35.
> Nakamura M, Farahnik B, Bhutani T. Ukuthuthukiswa kwamuva ku-phototherapy for psoriasis. F1000Usearch . 2016; 5: F1000 Faculty Rev-1684. i-doi: 10.12688 / f1000research.8846.1.