Ngaphezu kokuphazamisa inkulumo, isibonakaliso sokwesaba kungenzeka ukuthi ukhathazeke ngokuthi kukhona okungalungile ngomzimba wakho. Iyini izwi elizwakalayo, yiziphi ezinye izimbangela ezingenzeka futhi nini kufanele ubone udokotela wakho?
Sibutsetelo
Ukuzwakalisa kuchazwa njengomsindo ongavamile uma uzama ukukhuluma. Lokhu kungachazwa ngokuthi i-raspy, i-breathy, ilula, inesibindi futhi njengezinguquko kumthamo wezwi lakho.
Iphuzu lezwi lakho lingashintsha futhi, kungaba ngaphansi noma ngaphezulu. Ungase ubuzwe ubuhlungu noma umuzwa onzima lapho uzama ukukhuluma ngokujwayelekile.
Izwi elihlabayo lingabangelwa yilokho okuphazamisa ukudlidliza okuvamile kwezingcingo zamagama, njengokuvuvukala nokuvuvukala, ama-polyps athola indlela yezintambo zokuvala ezivaliwe kahle noma izimo eziholela ekutheni eyodwa noma zombili izintambo zezwi ziba ekhubazekile. I-hoarseness nayo ibizwa ngokuthi igama elithi " dysphonia".
Izimbangela
Ukwesaba kuyisifo esivamile abantu abaningi abaye babhekana nazo ngezikhathi ezithile ngenkathi belwa nomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane. Kodwa kungase kube uphawu lwezinto ezingathí sina.
Ukuthuka kungabangwa ngezindlela ezahlukene. Ngokuvamile kubangelwa inkinga ngamapulanga ezwi (ingxenye ye-larynx). Inkinga ingakwazi ukuphuma ngokuqondile ezinkingeni ze-larynx, noma kunalokho, ngenxa yezinkinga ezinezinzwa ezinikezela ukugcoba amagama futhi ziqondise ukuba zenze lokho ubuchopho bethu obatshela ukuba bakwenze.
Ezinye izimbangela ezibangelwa ukwesaba zihlanganisa:
- I-Laryngitis: I- Laryngitis iyimbangela ejwayelekile kunazo zonke yokwesaba futhi ingabangelwa izinto eziningana, kusukela emakhazeni avamile ukugcoba kancane kakhulu noma eside kumdlalo webhola, ukucula inhliziyo yakho ekhonsathini.
- Ama-cysts noma ama-polyps ngentambo yama-vocal : I- cysts ye-vocal iyinhloko "imicu" emigodini yakho yezwi ephazamisa ukuvala kwabo okujwayelekile ngesikhathi bekhuluma. Ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukusebenzisa ngokweqile izwi lakho. Kungabonakala sengathi kufana nabantu abafake izicelo zokuzikhandla bezithuthukisa ngezandla zabo ngokweqile, njengokungathi ngemuva kokukhipha igceke ekwindla. Abaculi, othisha nabanye ochwepheshe abasebenzisa amazwi abo okuningi bangathola ama-polyps.
- Ukuqeda izifo: Zombili izinyanga zonyaka nezikhathi zonyaka zingabangela ukuthuka.
- I-reflux ye-acid / I-Heartburn: Reflux ye-gastroesophageal (GERD) , i-reflux ye-asidi kusukela esiswini kuze kufike emigodini yamagama, iyisisusa esivamile sokukhathazeka, futhi abantu abaningi abazi ukuthi kukhona khona ngoba akusikhathi njalo kuhlotshaniswa nokushaya inhliziyo. Ukwesaba ngenxa ye-reflux ye-acid ngokuvamile kubi nakakhulu ekuseni.
- Izimo ze-thyroid: Izimo ze- thyroid, ikakhulukazi ezingasetshenziswanga i-hypothyroidism (ephansi ye-thyroid), zingabangela ukuphazamiseka.
- Ukubhema: Ukubhema ukubhema kwentuthuko kungase kubangele nezwi elikhulu.
- Ukuvezwa kwezinye izinto ezicasulayo: I- Irritants, kusukela ekungcoleni komoya kumakhemikhali esiwasebenzisa emakhaya ethu, kungabangela ukuzwakalisa.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwe-corticosteroids engasebenzi : I-corticosteroids engabhalisiwe , isigaba se-inhalers esisetshenziselwa ukuhlola i-asthma noma i-COPD singabangela izwi elihlabayo. Kubonakala sengathi amanye ama-corticosteroids akhumule angaphezu kwamanye ukudala izinkinga.
- I-Cancer: I- Cancers ye- larynx (i-windpipe), i-pharynx (umphimbo), amaphaphu , i- thyroid , ne- lymphomas kungenzeka ukuthi bonke bangenwa uphawu njengesibonakaliso. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuzwakalisa kuyisibonakaliso sokuqala. Umdlavuza we-metastatic (umdlavuza osuke usakazeka) kusuka ebelethweni, emaphashini noma kwezinye izifunda zomzimba kuya emidlalini (indawo emkhatsini wamaphaphu), ingacindezela izinzwa eziholela ebhokisini lezwi futhi zibangela ukuphazamiseka.
- Izimo ze-neurological: Izigubhu , isifo se-Parkinson , kanye ne- multiple sclerosis kungase kubangele ukudumazeka ngenxa yemiphumela yabo emantanjeni enikeza izintambo zezwi.
- I-trauma: Ukuhlukunyezwa okungahambi kahle esifundeni somphimbo, isibonelo ngesikhathi engozini yemoto ingalimaza izintambo zomculo. Isizathu esivame kakhulu sokuhlukunyezwa kwenzeka lapho izingcingo zamagama zilimazwa yi-tube ebeka phansi emqaleni ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa (intubation) noma phakathi ne- bronchoscopy .
- I-dysphonia ye-spasmodic: i-dysphonia ye- Spasmodic yinkinga yendawo yomsipha we-larynx, okuholela ekutheni kube nokuthula.
- I-Laryngeal nerve yokukhubazeka: Izishubhe eziholela ebhokisini lezwi zingonakaliswa yinoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa esifundeni lapho inzwa ihamba khona, njengokuhlinzwa kwegciwane, ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo, noma ukuhlinzwa kwekhanda nentamo.
- Ukubutheka komzimba wangaphandle noma isisindo somzimba.
Yeka ukuthi i-Hoarseness ibonisa kanjani
Ngesikhathi sokuphumula, iminyango yezwi ivulekile. Uma unquma ukukhuluma (noma ukucula, noma ukumemeza) kunezinto eziningana okumelwe zisebenze ndawonye ukuze umsindo ozwakalayo ukhiqizwe.
Okokuqala, iminyango yamazwi kufanele ihlangane. Inkinga ngalesi sinyathelo ingase ivele noma i-vocal folds noma izinzwa ezinikeza amafolda ezwi. Isibonelo singase sibe uma umdlavuza onjengomdlavuza wamaphaphu noma umdlavuza webele we-metastatic uqhuma emanzini ahamba emaphethweni ezwi.
Uma amafolumu ezwile ivaliwe, umoya kumele uhambe nawo udlule futhi ubangele ukuthi iminyango idlidlize. Futhi, izinkinga zingase zivele ngenxa yezwi elizibopha ngokwabo, noma ngenxa yanoma yini egcina amafolda ahlale evaliwe (izinzwa) noma yini evimbela ukugeleza okuvamile kwemimoya emoyeni.
Uma umoya uhamba phambili emaphethweni ezwi, umsindo kufanele uvele "uphume" emzimbeni, Noma yini ephazamisa ukugeleza komoya emoyeni, emlonyeni nasempumeni, kungaphazamisa umsindo. Ukudluliselwa komsindo ezweni langaphandle kuphinde kubuyele emasimini e-sinus. Lokhu kusiza ukuchaza "ikhwalithi yangasese" yezwi lakho uma unesimo esithinta indlela yakho yesono.
Umsindo ungahluka kusuka komuntu kuya komuntu kuye ngokuthi ubuyela kanjani emavesini we-sinus futhi usekelwe ebukhulu beminyango yamazwi.
Ukuthuka kungabandakanya kokubili ukugoqa kwamazwi noma eyodwa kuphela.
Nini Ukubiza Udokotela Wakho
Kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho uma ubhekene nezwi eliqhakazile elihlala ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Ngenkathi izimbangela eziningi zokwesaba zizinhle futhi zibangelwa izimbangela ezincane ezinjengomkhuhlane, kungase kube uphawu lwezinto ezingathí sina. Uma uphawu lwakho luqhubeka lubalulekile ukwenza i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho-ngisho noma ucabanga ukuthi kunesizathu esizwakalayo. Odokotela bahlukahluka kulokho abakubiza ngokuthi "ukuphikelela." Ngokuvamile, uma izimpawu zakho zigcina isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili, zihamba kancane noma zihambisana nezinye izimpawu, kufanele wenze i-aphoyintimenti.
Uma ubona ukulahlekelwa okungazelelwe kwezwi noma ube nokunye okuphathelene nezimpawu, njengobuthakathaka engxenyeni yomzimba wakho, izinguquko ezibukwayo noma ubukhulu obukhulu, shayela udokotela wakho noma 911 ngokushesha.
Imibuzo UDokotela Wakho Ungabuza
Uma uvakashela udokotela wakho, uzoqala ukuthatha umlando oqaphele. Eminye yemibuzo angazibuza ihlanganisa:
- Izimpawu zakho zaqala nini?
- Ingabe i-hoarseness yakho eqhubekayo noma ingabe uyayibona futhi iyavala?
- Uke waba nezibonakaliso "ezibandayo," njengekhala eligijima, umkhuhlane, noma ukukhwehlela, noma ube nesifo ezifana ne-tonsillitis noma i-mononucleosis?
- Uke wahlukumeza izwi lakho nganoma iyiphi indlela, isibonelo ngokubonga iqembu lakho lebhola lezinyawo noma ukucula kakhulu kakhulu noma ngokumemeza kakhulu?
- Ingabe wena, noma uke wabhekana?
- Uphuza utshwala?
- Unayo i-allergies noma i-eczema?
- Yiziphi ezinye izimo zezokwelapha onakho?
- Uke wakubona noma yikuphi ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukulahlekelwa isisindo esingavamile , ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo , ukukhwehlela igazi , ubunzima bokugwinya, ubuthakathaka kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba wakho noma uzizwa ugobe entanyeni yakho?
- Iziphi izimo zezokwelapha ezigijima emndenini wakho?
Uvivinya Udokotela Wakho May Order
Uma izimpawu zakho ziphikelela futhi udokotela wakho akayitholi imbangela ecacile ngemva kokuhlola izindlebe zakho, impumu, nomphimbo, angase ahlele ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo. Ezinye zazo zihlanganisa:
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukubheka ukutheleleka.
- I-Laryngoscopy: I-laryngoscopy iyilingo odokotela abasebenzisa ithubhu eguquguqukayo ngokukhanya okunamathele ukubheka phansi phansi ekhaleni lakho emagodini akho omlomo.Umuthi onzima kakhulu usetshenziselwa ngemuva komphimbo wakho ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe lokhu, futhi abantu abavame ukungakhululeki .
- I-CT scan (noma ezinye izifundo zokucabanga): Ukubheka intamo yakho nesifuba. Uma unomlando womdlavuza, ukuskena kwe-PET kunganconywa.
- Okunye ukuhlolwa: Ngokuya ngesimo sakho esithile.
Ukwelapha
Ukwelashwa kuzoxhomeka kubangelwa imbangela. Udokotela wakho angase ancoma imithi ukuze unciphise umphimbo wakho. Ngezimbangela eziningi zokuphumula umzimba wakho kanye nezwi izinsuku ezimbalwa kuzoluthola.
Uma izwi lakho lihlukumezekile noma uma uhlakulela ama-polyps ezwile, isikhathi eside sokuphumula kwezwi singanconywa. Abanye benu bezwe ngomculi ozithandayo ofuna ukukhansela uhambo lwakhe ukuze athathe isikhashana izinyanga ezimbalwa. Lokhu kungase kube yilabo abaculi be-amateur kanye nabathandi bezemidlalo abanomdlandla ngokweqile.
Uma ubhema, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyeka-kokubili ukusiza ngokuphulukisa manje nokuvimbela izinkinga esikhathini esizayo.
Kulabo abanezinkinga zabo eziqhubekayo, ukwelapha ngezwi kungasiza kakhulu ukunciphisa umonakalo ngenkathi kubuyiselwa izwi lakho empilweni.
> Imithombo:
> Barry, D., noMnu Vaezi. Reflux Laryngopharyngeal: Imibuzo eminingi kunezimpendulo. I-Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine . 2010. 77 (5): 327-34.
> Chang, J., Bevans, S., noS S. Schwartz. I-Otolaryngology Clinic yaseNyakatho Melika: Ubufakazi obusekelwe ebufakazini: Ukuphathwa kwe-Hoarseness / Dysphonia. Imitholampilo ye-Otolaryngology yaseNyakatho Melika . 2012. 45 (5): 1109-26.
> Feierabend, R., noMnu Shahram. Ukukhathazeka kubantu abadala. I-American Family Physician . 2009. 80 (4): 363-70.
> Ukuhlolwa kwe-Mau, T. Ukuhlola kanye nokuphathwa kokwesaba. Imitholampilo yezokwelapha eNyakatho Melika . 2010. 94 (5): 945-60.
> Schwartz, S. et al. Isiqondiso somtholampilo: inhlanzi (i-dysphonia). I-Otolaryngology - Inhloko Nokuhlinzwa Kwezinyosi . 2009. 141 (3Suppl 2): S1-S31.
> Spantieas, N., Drosou, E., Bougea, A., no-D. Assimakopoulos. I-corticosteroids engenayo kanye nezinkinga zezwi. Yini okusha? . I-Journal yezwi . 2016 Okthoba 11. (Epub ngaphambi kokuphrinta).