I-Vascular Neurologists Yabuye Ibizwa ngokuthi 'Izidakamizwa Zezinyosi'
I-neurology ye-Vascular iyindlela yokwelapha izibilini . Isifo isifo esithinta isitsha segazi esiholela ebuchosheni nasekuhambeni ngaphakathi kobuchopho. I-stroke ibonakala ngezibonakaliso ezinjengobuthakathaka, ukunganaki, izinguquko zombono nokuphazamiseka kwenkulumo.
I-stroke ivela lapho umshini ophethe i-oxygen nezakhi ezithombeni ebuchosheni kungavinjelwa i-clot yegazi (isifo sochungechunge lwe-ischemic) noma i-bursts (ukushaya kwesifo esibi kakhulu). Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ingxenye yengqondo ebucika ekunikezeni igazi ephuma kumkhumbi wegazi ophazamisekile abakwazi ukuthola okwanele kwe-oxygen ne-nutrients, okwenza ubuchopho bulimaze.
Esikhathini esiningi, udokotela, umhlengikazi noma omunye umhlengikazi wezempilo uyazihlola isifo sohlangothi. Ngokujwayelekile, ukwelashwa kwesifo sohlangothi kuqaliswa ngokushesha, futhi ngezinye izikhathi, ukwelashwa kwesifo sokushaya isifo kungaqala ngisho ne-ambulensi endleleni eya esibhedlela . Kuvame ukuthi kukhona ochwepheshe abaningi abasebenza ndawonye njengengxenye yeqembu lokunakekelwa kwesifo . Ngokujwayelekile, i-neurologist ihileleke emininingwaneni eyinkimbinkimbi yokuxilongwa kwesifo sohlangothi nokuphathwa kabuhlungu .
Ngezinye izikhathi, ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi, i-vascular neurologist ihlotshaniswa ukuxilongwa ngokuphazamiseka nokuphathwa kokwelashwa, futhi ingase ilandele nawe lapho uthola khona. I-neurologist ye-vascular neurologist futhi eneziqu ezengeziwe nokuqeqeshwa ekunakekelweni kwesifo, ukuphathwa nokwelashwa.
Ukwelashwa kwesisu
Eminyakeni edlule, kuncane odokotela abangakwenza ukuze baphathe imivimbo, ngenxa yokungabi namasu okuxilonga kanye nokwelapha okuphumelelayo. Kodwa-ke, phakathi neminyaka embalwa edlule, izazi ze-neurologists kanye nezinye odokotela ziye zasungula izindlela eziningi ezintsha futhi eziphumelelayo zokuxilonga, ukuphatha nokuvimbela imivimbo, okuholela ekunakekeleni ukunakekelwa okukhulu kwesifo.
Ukwelashwa kwesisu kuxhomeke kuhlobo lwesisu
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemivimbo: i- hemorrhagic noma i- ischemic . Ukwelashwa kuhluke kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwesifo.
Ngesikhathi uhlangothi oluthile lwe-ischemic, isitsha segazi esinikeza igazi ebuchosheni sivinjelwe. Ngesikhathi uhlangothi olunezinhlungu, isitsha segazi esibuthakathaka noma esilimazayo sigubha futhi siphala igazi emathisini ebuchopho.
Kunezinye izinhlobo ezimbili zemithwalo yegazi ezingabangela nesifo esibi: ubuchopho obunamaqondo obuchopho (isigaba sokuvuvukala somthambo ongasiphula) kanye nemimoya ye-AVMs ( arteriovenous malformations ).
Ischemic Stroke Treatment
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokwelashwa kwesifo socwaningo. Enye yalezi zicubu ze-plasminogen activator (tPA) ezinikezwa i-IV (nge-intravenously.) Ukuphathwa kahle kwe-tPA kuchitha i-clot yegazi futhi kuthuthukise ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni, okungavimbela ukulimala kwesikhashana eside nokukhubazeka.
Enye indlela yokwelashwa yinkambiso yokugcina i- endovascular ebizwa ngokuthi i-thrombectomy engumshini, ezama ukususa i-clot enkulu yegazi ngokuthumela idivaysi ekhonjiwe yocingo (ebizwa ngokuthi i-stent retriever) esayini lesitsha segazi esivinjelwe ebuchosheni.
Ukwelashwa kwesifo soHemorrhagic
Izinqubo ze-Endovascular zingasetshenziselwa ukuvimbela noma ukunciphisa umonakalo wezigameko ezimbi ezibangelwa ama-aneurysms noma ama-AVM. Phakathi nalezi zinqubo, i-catheter ifakwa ngokusebenzisa umthambo omkhulu emlenzeni noma ingalo, bese iqondiswa ku-aneurysm; bese ubeka ikhoyili ukuvimbela ukuphuka.
Ukuhlinzwa kungasiza futhi ukuyeka ukuphuma. Uma i-bleed ibangelwa i-aneurysm ephukile, isiqeshana sensimbi singabekwa ngokuhlinzwa ngaphansi kwesine ane-syndrome ukuze siyivikele.
I-Vascular Neurologists
Izazi ze-neurologists ze-Vascular nazo zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi odokotela be-stroke. Ukuze ufunde kahle izindlela ezintsha zokwelapha isifo sohlangothi, odokotela kumele bathole ulwazi oluningi nokuqeqesha. Zonke izinzwa ze-neurologists zinokuhlangenwe nakho okuningi ekulawuleni imivimbo. I-neurology ye-Vascular idinga ukuqeqeshwa okungeziwe nge-subspecialty emva kokuqedwa koqeqesho lwe-neurology lapho izazi zezinzwa zithola ukuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe emasu amasha ekunakekelweni kwesifo sohlangothi.
Uma unesihlungu sokungahlongozwanga , imbangela yezokwelapha okuthiwa yi- cryptogenic stroke , ungathunyelwa ku-neurologist ye-vascular for further diagnosis.
Ngokufanayo, uma unesimo esibucayi kakhulu, njengesifo sokushaya ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, noma isifo segazi esingabangela isifo , ungase udingeke ubone i-neurologist ye-neurologist.
Izwi elivela
Uma uke wabhekwa nesifo sokushaya isifo, ithimba lezokwelapha lingakwazi ukubona isifo sohlangothi futhi liqalise ukwelashwa kokuphila. Kwezinye izimo, ithimba lakho lingase lihlanganise nesifo sezinzwa zegazi, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona izimpawu ezingachaziwe noma uma isifo sakho singavamile.
Ukunakekelwa kwesifo sakho kuhilela iqembu labaqeqeshiwe bezempilo abanolwazi abangaphendula imibuzo yakho njengoba bekusiza ekutholeni kwakho.
> Ukufunda kwe-Fuither
Ukuqeqesha nokuHlelwa kwe-Vascular Neurology Interventionists e-Era ye-Thrombectomy, i-Grotta JC, i-Lyden P, i-Brott T, isisu. 2017 Aug; 48 (8): 2313-2317. i-doi: 10.1161 / STROKEAHA.116.016416. I-Epub 2017 Jul 13.