Ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi yi-Autoimmune Disorder
I-Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (VKH) syndrome ine-neurological, iso, indlebe, nezimpawu zesikhumba. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi kungenzeka ngenxa yokuphendula okuzenzakalelayo lapho umzimba uhlasela khona amangqamuzana awo anempilo aqukethe i-pigment melanin. I-VKH syndrome ayifinyezi isikhathi sokuphila, kodwa izinguquko zamehlo nesikhumba unomphela zingabangela.
Ayaziwa ukuthi uvame kangakanani i-Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome emhlabeni wonke.
Kwenzeka kaningi kubantu base-Asia, amaNative American, Latin American, noma amafa aseMiddle East. Imibiko eshicilelwe ye-VKH syndrome ibonisa ukuthi iyenzeka ngokuphindaphindiwe kwabesifazane nangaphezu kwamadoda, futhi izimpawu zayo zingase ziqale noma kunini.
Izimpawu
Ngaphambi kokuba i-Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada isifo, i-syndrome iqala, abantu ngokuvamile bahlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana nokukhanda ikhanda, i-vertigo, isicashu, intamo eqinile, ukuhlanza , kanye ne-fever low-grade for days. Lezi zimpawu azikho ngqo ku-VKH syndrome futhi zingase zihlolwe njenge- HIV noma i- influenza . Okuhlukanisa i-VKH syndrome kusuka "kumkhuhlane" kungukuqala kwezimpawu zeso ezifana nokubuka okungazelelwe okubuhlungu, ubuhlungu nokuzwela ekukhanyeni. Ngokuvamile, i-VKH syndrome iqukethe izinyathelo ezintathu: isigaba samadoda, isigaba sokuhlolwa kwamathambo, nesigaba se-convalescent.
Esigabeni sama- meningoencephalitis , izimpawu ezifana nobukhulu obuthakathaka bomzimba, ubuhlungu bekhanda, ukulahlekelwa kwemisipha ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba (hemiparesis noma hemiplegia), ubuhlungu obuhlangene (dysarthria), nobunzima bokukhuluma noma ukuqonda ulimi (aphasia) kwenzeka.
Esikhathini se- ophthalmic-auditory , izimpawu ezifana nombono onzima, ubuhlungu, nokucasuka kweso ngenxa yokuvuvukala kwe-iris (iridocyclitis) ne-uvea (uveitis). Izimpawu zokuhlola zingabandakanya ukuzwa okunzima, ukukhala endlebeni (tinnitus), noma isiyezi.
Esigabeni se- convalescent , izimpawu zezikhumba ezifana nezimpawu ezikhanyayo noma ezimhlophe zombala ezinwele, izinsalela, noma eyelashes (ubuchopho), ukukhanya okukhanyayo noma ezimhlophe zesikhumba (vitiligo), nokulahleka kwezinwele (alopecia).
Izimpawu zesikhumba zivame ukuqala amasonto ambalwa noma izinyanga emva kokuqala kwembono nokuzwa.
Ukuxilongwa
Ngenxa yokuthi i-Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome ayifuni, ukuxilongwa okulungile kudinga ukubonisana nabachwepheshe. Akukho ukuhlolwa okuqondile kwe-syndrome, ngakho-ke ukuxilongwa kusekelwe ezimpawu ezikhona kanye nemiphumela yokuhlola. I- neurologist izokwenza ukugqama kwesibindi ukuze ihlolwe i-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) yezinguquko zesimo se-VKH syndrome. I-ophthalmologist izokwenza ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kwamehlo ukubuka u-uveitis. I- dermatologist izothatha isampula lesikhumba (i-biopsy) cishe inyanga eyodwa ngemuva kokuthi izimpawu zamehlo ziqale ukuhlola izinguquko zesimo se-VKH syndrome, njengokuntuleka kwe-pigment (melanin) ekukhanyeni noma ezimhlophe zesikhumba ezikhona.
I-American Uveitis Society incoma ukuba kutholakale ukuthi ku-3 yalezi zinqubo ezine ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwe-Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome:
- i-iridocyclitis kokubili amehlo, ne-uveitis
- izimpawu ze-neurological noma izinguquko zesici ku-CSF
- izimpawu zesikhumba ze-polio, i-vitiligo, noma i-alopecia
Ukwelapha
Ukuze unciphise ukuvuvukala emehlweni, i-corticosteroids njenge-prednisone inikezwa. Uma lokhu kungasebenzi kahle, izidakamizwa zokuzivikela ezifana ne-azathioprin (Imuran) noma i-cyclophosphamide (i-Cytoxan, Neosar) ingasetshenziswa.
Izimpawu zesikhumba ziphathwa ngendlela i-vitiligo ephathwa ngayo, engase ihlanganise i-phototherapy, i-corticosteroids, noma amafutha okugcoba.
Ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa kwe-Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome kusiza ukuvimbela izinguquko zombono unomphela njenge-glaucoma ne-cataracts. Izinguquko zesikhumba zingaba unomphela, ngisho nangokwelashwa, kodwa ukuzwa kuvame ukubuyiselwa kubantu abaningi.
> Imithombo:
I-Choczaj-Kukula, A. (2005). I-Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome. iMedicine, ifinyelelwe ku-http: //www.emedicine.com/derm/topic739.htm
Funda, RW (2003). I-American Uveitis Society: Izifo zeVogt-Koyanagi-Harada.