Izimpawu Okumele Kubonwe Ngumchwepheshe Weze-Neurology
Udokotela wezinzwa ngudokotela oqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ekutholeni nasekwelapha izifo zobuchopho, intambo yomgogodla, izinzwa zomzimba kanye nemisipha. Esikhathini esiningi, udokotela oyinhloko ukhathalela iziguli ku-neurologist uma enezibonakaliso ezibonisa isimo sezinzwa.
Izimo Eziphethwe I-Neurologist
I-neurologist izovame ukuphatha iziguli ezinezimo zempilo:
• isisu
• Ukuhlukunyezwa kwengqondo
• Izicubu zesimiso sezinzwa
• Izifo zesimiso sezinzwa
• Izifo eziningi ze-sclerosis nezinye izifo ezizimele
• Ukufa kwesifo
• Izifo zesifo sofuba
• Izifo ze-neuromuscular
• I-Dementia
• izinwele
• Izinkinga zokuhamba
• Ukuphazamiseka kokulala
Izimpawu Zokuqinisekisa Ukubonisana Neurological
Izimpawu ezithile zingenza udokotela asole ukuthi ukuvakashela isazi sezinzwa kungaba usizo. Lokhu kufaka:
- Izinsizi : cishe wonke umuntu unesifo esiyinhloko ngesikhathi esithile, ngokuvamile ngenxa yokungezwani noma mhlawumbe ukugula okuncane njengomkhuhlane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abanye abantu bahlushwa izinhlungu ezinzima ezifana nemigraines evamile. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ikhanda lingahle lubangelwe into ebalulekile, njengokungena kwegazi ebuchosheni noma ukucindezela okwenyuka ekhanda. Iziguli ezinezinhlungu ezinzima noma ezisongela ukuphila zingadinga ukuphathwa yi-neurologist.
- Ubuhlungu obungapheliyo : Abantu abaningi banezinhlungu emhlane noma entanyeni yabo . Nakuba lolu hlobo lobuhlungu luvame ukulawulwa udokotela oyinhloko, ngezinye izikhathi i-neurologist izohileleka, ikakhulukazi uma lobu buhlungu buhambisana nezinye izinkinga zezinzwa ezifana nobubuthakathaka, ukuphazamiseka, noma izinkinga ezinezifo zesisu noma isisu.
- Isizungu : Abantu basho izinto eziningi ezehlukene uma bethi bahlaziyekile, futhi izinhlobo ezahlukene zozondlo zidinga izinhlobo ezahlukene zodokotela. Izazi ze-neurologists ngokuvamile zibona iziguli ezine-vertigo nesifo sokugula. I-Vertigo ihilela umqondo wezwe elijikelezayo njengokungathi uhlala ujabule. I-disqualibrium kusho ukungabi nhlobo kokuxhumanisa noma ukulinganisela. Le mizwa inezimbangela ezihlukahlukene, ezinye zibi kakhulu kunezinye.
- Ubumbulu noma ukubetha : Njengesizungu, ukuphazamiseka nokugubha kungabangelwa izinkinga eziningi zezokwelapha. Udokotela oyinhloko wokunakekela angaphatha eziningi zalezi zinkinga, kodwa ezinye zidinga ukunakekelwa kwesazi sezinzwa. Ubumbulu nokucubungula kakhulu ngokuphathelene nokufika ngokushesha, kuthinta kuphela uhlangothi olulodwa lomzimba, noma luhambisana nobuthakathaka. Lezi zingase zibe izibonakaliso zento enjengeyingozi, okudinga ukuhlolwa okuphuthumayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinto ezinobunzima ezinjengokukhathazeka noma ushukela wegazi ophansi okwesikhashana zingabangela ukuba umunyu ungenele futhi uqhubekele isikhathi esincane. Uma ukuqubuzana okuqhubekayo noma okubi kakhulu, kungase kubangelwe yisifo sezinzwa zomzimba , futhi ingazi yezinzwa zingase zibizelwe. Uma kukhona ukungabaza, xhumana nodokotela wakho ukuze ubone ukuthi yikuphi ukuhlolwa okudingekayo.
- Ubuthakathaka : Abanye abantu badidisa ubuthakathaka ngokukhathala. Isibonelo sobubuthakathaka beqiniso asikwazi ukuphakamisa into kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uzama kanzima, nakuba kungenzeka ukuthi wakwazi ukwenza kanjalo ngaphambili. Ukukhathala kusho ukuthi ngomzamo ogcwele, ungathola amandla okudingayo ukuze uphakamise okuthile, kodwa kungase kube nomuzwa onzima kakhulu futhi okukhathazayo ukwenza kanjalo. Ukuntula amandla okuvame ukuthelela kuphela amaqembu amisipha, kanti ukukhathala kuyathinta bonke. Umehluko phakathi kokubuthakathaka nokukhathala kubalulekile ngoba ngenkathi ukukhathala kungabangelwa izinkinga ezinobungozi ezifana nokulahlekelwa ukulala noma ukugula okuncane, ubuthakathaka bungabonakalisa into ebaluleke kakhulu, njenge- stroke noma isifo se-neuromuscular. Njenge-numbness, ubuthakathaka buqondene ikakhulukazi uma kwenzeka ngokuzumayo noma kuthinta nje uhlangothi olulodwa lomzimba. Lokhu kungaba isibonakaliso sokushaya noma enye inkinga enkulu futhi kudinga ukunakwa ngokushesha.
- Izinkinga ngokunyakaza : Izinkinga ngokunyakaza zihlanganisa ukuxuba, ukuthuthumela, ukuqina, ukunyakaza okungenhloso, noma ukuhamba ngezinkinga. Ezinye iziguli zine-apraxia okusho ukuthi abakwazi ukwenza izinyathelo ezithile, njengokuxubha amazinyo abo, naphezu kokubambisana nokuqina okudingekayo. Abantu abaningi banokuzamazama okukhulu okubonakalayo, okungaba kubi nakakhulu uma unekhofi kakhulu noma uma ukhathazekile. Uma ukuzamazama kuphazamisa impilo yansuku zonke, kungenzeka ukuthi udokotela wezinzwa. Ukuthuka akusho ukuthi usuke unesifo sika-Parkinson . Ezinye izinto eziningi zingabangela ukuthuthumela, kuhlanganise nokubhema nemithi ethile. Noma kunjalo, kungaba umqondo omuhle ukuba ukuzamazama kwakho kuhlolwe.
- Izinkinga zombono : Ukulahleka kombono wokubheka okuhambisana nokuguga kungcono ukuphathwa ngudokotela wamehlo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukulahleka kombono kungazelelwe kungabangelwa inkinga ngeso noma inkinga ngesimiso sezinzwa futhi kudinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Icala elisha lokubheka kabili kufanele futhi lihlolwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma unenkinga entsha yombono, zama ukuvala iso elilodwa. Ulwazi oluvela kwelinye iso luhamba emgodini we-optic ukuhlangabezana nolwazi oluvela kwelinye ilanga ku- optic chiasm eduze nangaphambi kobuchopho. Uma ukungafani okubukwayo kuhamba ngeso elivaliwe, inkinga cishe iso. Uma ukungavamile kuso kokubili amehlo, inkinga ingase ibe ohlelweni lwezinzwa.
- Izimpikiswano : Lapho abantu abaningi becabanga ukuthunjwa, babonisa okuthile okuphawulekayo: umuntu ozama ukuguqula umzimba wonke, ophuza emlonyeni, nokulahlekelwa yimiqondo. Ngenkathi ezinye izigameko zibukeka kanje, zingabonakala ngezindlela ezicashile. Kungase kubonakale kuyamangaza ukuthi akuzona zonke izigwegwe ezidinga ukubona i-neurologist. Uma umuntu engakaze athole ukuthunjwa ngaphambili futhi enesinye inkinga yezokwelapha eyaziwa ukuthi ibangele ukugubha, njengokushukela kwegazi okuphansi noma ukuhoxisa utshwala, ukugwinya kwabo kungaphathwa ngokubhekana nenkinga engaphansi. Futhi, uma umuntu edlula umzimba wakhe angase ahlasele imizuzwana embalwa. Lokhu akuyona into efanayo nokuqothulwa kwesibindi, futhi akudingi i-neurologist. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma othile ehlushwa ngaphandle kwesizathu esizwakalayo, ingazi ye-neurologist ingadingeka. Uma umuntu enesisindo esingaphezu kokukodwa esingavinjelwe, lokhu kwanele ukuxilongwa kwesithuthwane , lapho kwenzeka khona isiguli kungase kulandelwe isazi sezinzwa ngesikhathi eside.
- Ukucabanga okunzima : Ukunzima ukucabanga kungasho izinto eziningana, kuhlanganise nobunzima ukuthola amagama noma ukukhuluma, izinkinga ngenkumbulo, ukushintsha ubuntu, noma ukudideka, lapho kwenzeka isazi sezinzwa singasiza. Ukucabanga okunzima kungase kubonise nezinkinga ngokucindezeleka, imania, noma ngisho nezinto ezinengqondo ezifana nokucabangela, lapho kwenzeka khona umqondo wezifo zengqondo kungase kube ngcono. Ezinganeni, ezinye ukukhubazeka kokufunda zidinga ukuhlolwa yi-neurologist. Ngezinye izikhathi kunzima ngisho nangabezichwepheshe ukunquma ukuthi yiluphi uchwepheshe ongcono ngesiguli, kanti kwezinye izimo, ezifana nesifo sengqondo somqondo othile, kokubili ukugula kwengqondo kanye neurolology kungase kuhileleke. Izifo ezibangela izinkinga zengqondo zibandakanya isifo se-Alzheimer .
- Izinkinga zokulala : Izinkinga zokulala zivame kakhulu, futhi izinhlobo eziningi zezinyanga zibona iziguli ezinalezi zinkinga. Kuye okwenzekayo, ungasetshenziswa kangcono yi-pulmonologist, umqondo wezifo zengqondo noma i-neurologist.
Ukudluliselwa ku-Neurologist
Uma unesinye salezi zinkinga, ungase ulingeke ukuba uqondane ngqo ne-neurologist kunokuba udokotela oyinhloko yokunakekela. Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube nzima ngisho nabachwepheshe bezokwelapha ukuthola ukuthi ngabe isazi sezinzwa noma udokotela ohlukile ungcono kuwe. Ukuba nomhlengikazi oyinhloko kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi othile unesibopho sokuxhumanisa ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Lokhu kungavimbela ulwazi ukuthi lulahleke futhi luvivinywe kusukela ekuphindaphindeni ngokungadingekile. Ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuhlelekile kunciphisa amathuba okusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa noma ukudlula ngokweqile.
Kodwa-ke, uma usuvele unesifo se-neurological, awujabuli nokukhathalela udokotela wakho oyinhloko ohlinzekayo, noma ufuna nje omunye umbono, bese ubona isazi sezinzwa sezingqondo.
> Umthombo:
> Henry GL. Izimo Eziphuthumayo Neurologic . I-New York: I-McGraw-Hill Medical; 2010.