Uma ufunda lesi sihloko, kungenzeka ukuthi usuvele wazi ukuthi i-Zika virus, eyasakazwa yizinyosi, ixhunywe ne-spate yamacala e-microcephaly eBrazil. Abesifazane abaningi abakhulelwe abanegciwane lesandulela ngculaza baqala ukuba nezinsana ezinamakhanda amancane, noma i-microcephaly, nokulimala kwengqondo.
Manje sibona abantu abanegciwane lesandulela ngculazi baqhubeka nokuthuthukisa i- Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), futhi.
I-GBS isifo esivamile esingavamile futhi esingavamile sezinzwa ezibangelwa ubuthakathaka bezingalo nemilenze. Ngenhlanhla ezimweni eziningi, i-GBS ayibambi ikhandlela ku-microcephaly, okuyinto engathí sina kakhulu; Kodwa-ke, i-GBS ingathí sina futhi ingavamile ukuholela ekufeni ngenxa yokukhubazeka kokuphefumula.
Kuyini i-GBS?
I-Guillain-Barré syndrome iphazamisa isimiso sezinzwa zomzimba futhi ngokuvamile ivela kumuntu cishe amasonto amathathu kuya kwesithathu ngemva kokutheleleka ngegciwane; I-GBS ingenzeka futhi ngemuva kokufaka inoculation (ukugoma), ukuhlinzwa, noma ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya, ikakhulukazi i- Campylobacter jejuni enteritis (i-AKA yokudla ubuthi).
Nakuba singakaze sikwazi ukucacisa indlela efanele ye-GBS, sicabanga ukuthi ukugula kwalesi sifo kungumzimba omzimba, okuchaza ukuthi kungani abantu abahlambalazwa amasosha omzimba, njenge-infection yangaphambili, basengozini enkulu yokuthuthukisa lokhu ukugula.
Izimpawu
Ngokuqondile, i-GBS iyi-polyradiculopathy ephuthumayo noma eqhubekayo, ekhombisa ngokuhlukile kubantu abahlukene.
Lesi sifo sibangela ubuthakathaka obuvame ukuveza ngokungafani, noma ezingxenyeni zomzimba wakho kude nendawo yakho njengemilenze yakho. Lokhu buthakathaka bese bekhuphukela ekuthinteni izingalo bese ubuso.
Izimpawu zitholakala nge-symmetrically (cabanga zombili imilenze noma izingalo). Lokhu buthakathaka kwenza kube nzima ukuhamba nokuhamba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-GBS ingabangela ukuphazanyiswa kwemizwa futhi iphazamise indlela ozizwa ngayo izinto.
Ngaphezu kokubangela ubuthakathaka nokulahlekelwa izinzwa, i-GBS nayo ingabangela ukuphazamiseka okuzimele, okungazimo ezingavamile ukubeka impilo engozini. Lokhu ukuphazamiseka okuzimele kungathinta izinga lezinhliziyo, isigqi senhliziyo, ukujuluka, ukuphefumula ngisho nokulawula i-sphincter. Ngokuvamile, izinkinga zokuphefumula ezibangelwa yi-GBS zingaholela ekulahlekelweni kokuphila. Okokugcina, i-GBS ingaphazamisa imisipha yakho yokuhlafuna nokugwinya.
Ngokubanzi, i-GBS yisifo esingenakulungiswa nesinye isikhathi esiyingozi.
Ukuxilongwa
Ngokuvamile, udokotela uzosolwa nge-GBS lapho isiguli sinikeza ubuthakathaka nokulahlekelwa izinzwa ngokulandela ukutheleleka, ukuhlinzwa noma okunye. Ngakho-ke, umlando wezokwelapha kubaluleke kakhulu uma uhlola i-GBS. Ekuhlolweni ngokomzimba, ngaphezu kokuphazanyiswa kwezinzwa nezithuthuthu, ama-reflexes angenasisekelo futhi ajulile. Ngokuqondene nokuhlolwa kokuhlola, izifundo zokuqhutshwa kwezinzwa, kanye nokuhlaziywa kwe-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), kungasetshenziswa. (Noma yikuphi ukuguqulwa kwe-CSF yamaprotheni okuhlushwa, ngokuvamile okubonisa ukutheleleka ngegciwane, kuthatha amasonto ambalwa ukukhombisa.)
Ukwelapha
Abantu abane-GBS kufanele bafune usizo lwezokwelapha nokwelashwa. Ngokuvamile, ukunakekelwa esibhedlela kungumqondo omuhle kuze kube yilapho usongo lokuphefumula okuphefumulayo seludlulile.
Izinketho eziningi zokwelapha ze-GBS zikhona kuhlanganise okulandelayo:
- Amanzi okuphefumula kanye nemishini yokucindezela (imithi esetshenziselwa ukuphakamisa ingcindezi yegazi) isetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-hypotension, noma ingcindezi yegazi ephansi engozini
- I-Heparin , i-blood thinner, inganikezwa ukunciphisa ithuba le-embolism ye-pulmonary;
- I-immunoglobulin engathandeki
- I-Plasmapheresis
- Ukwelapha ukuphefumula
Ngokunakekelwa, imithi ye-prednisone, noma i-steroid, ingase ikhulise isikhathi sokuphumula kanye nokwelashwa nge-prednisone kufanele igwenywe.
Kulabo abanezinkinga zokuphefumula ezibangelwa i-GBS, hlala ku-ICU kuqinisekiswe ngomoya wokumisa umoya wokusekela ukuphefumula.
Isibikezelo
Ngenhlanhla, iningi labantu abaza ne-GBS bavuselela ngokugcwele. Kodwa-ke, cishe amaphesenti angu-20 abantu abane-GBS bahlangabezana nolunye uhlobo lokukhubazeka kokusala. Ukwengeza, cishe amaphesenti angu-3 abantu abane GBS baqhubeka nokubuyela emuva esikhathini esizayo.
Encwadini yokugcina, i-virus ye-Zika ingabonwa nge-parallax. Ngokombono wobuntu, i-Zika virus isongela manje ehlanganiswe nemiphumela engathí sina yokukhubazeka kokuzalwa kanye nomphumela ongathí sina we-GBS.
> Imithombo:
I-Papadakis MA, McPhee SJ. Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Ku: Papadakis MA, McPhee SJ. ama-eds. Ukuxilongwa Okusheshayo Kwezokwelapha Nezokwelapha 2016 . ENew York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2016.