Lapho ososayensi benza izinhlobo ezithile zezifundo ezizobe bezofunda bayalinganisa leso sikhathi ngomuntu noma izinyanga zomuntu. (Ucwaningo olulindelekile yizifundo ezilandela iqembu elikhulu labantu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.) Iminyaka yomuntu kanye nezinyanga zomuntu izinhlobo zokulinganisa zicabangela kokubili isibalo sabantu esifundweni kanye nesilinganiso sesikhathi umuntu ngamunye ahlala kuso esifundweni.
Isibonelo, isifundo esilandela abantu abangu-1000 ngonyaka ongu-1 singaqukatha iminyaka engu-1000 yedatha yedatha. Ucwaningo olwalandela abantu abangu-100 iminyaka engu-10 luzophinde luqukathe iminyaka engu-1000 yedatha yedatha. Inani elifanayo lemininingwane lizoqoqwa, kodwa lizoqoqwa kubantu abambalwa abafundiswa isikhathi eside sokulandelela.
Ukuhlaselwa kokuPhepha
Izinyanga zeminyaka kanye nezinyanga zomuntu zivame ukusetshenziselwa njengesikhathi esilinganisweni kwezifundo ezihlaziya idatha yazo besebenzisa ijika le-Kaplan-Meier. Lokhu kwaziwa nangokuthi "ukuhlaziywa kokusinda." Ukuhlaziywa kokusinda kuvumela ososayensi ukuba balinganise ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani isigamu sabantu ukuba senze umcimbi. Kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlaziywa kokusinda ngoba le ndlela yasungulwa ukuze ibheke ukuthi izici ezihlukahlukene zithinte kanjani ubude bokuphila. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlaziywa kwanamuhla kokusinda kusetshenziselwa abacwaningi emasimini amaningana - kusukela ezomnotho kuya emithi. Ukuhlaziywa kokusinda kukuthethelela kakhulu ngezinhlobo ezithile zezinkinga zedatha kunezinye izinhlobo zokuhlaziywa.
Ngokuyinhloko, kuwukuthethelela okukhulu ngabantu abalahlekelwa ukulandelwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi bangakwazi ukunikela isikhathi esifundweni, ngisho noma behamba ngaphandle kokuthola umcimbi.
Izifundo ze-STD Ukusebenzisa Iminyaka Yomuntu
Ucwaningo oluningi olubhekene nezifo ezithathelwana ngocansi lusetshenziswe umuntu iminyaka njengengxenye yokuhlaziya kwabo.
Izibonelo ezimbalwa zichazwe ngezansi:
- Ucwaningo lwango-2015 lubheke ukuthi ukutheleleka kwe- hepatitis C (HCV) kwandisa ingozi ye-vein thrombosis (DVT) ejulile nemiphumela ehlobene nempilo. Ucwaningo lubuthole ukuthi ukutheleleka kwe-HCV kwandise ingozi ye-DVT kodwa hhayi izinga le-pulmonary emboli (ama-blood clots emaphashini.)
- Ucwaningo lwango-2014 lwalubuka ukuthi abantu abaphila negciwane lesandulela ngculaza kaningi kangakanani bangabaniki abacindezela isikhathi eside. Ucwaningo lwathola ukuthi ngisho noma abantu bekwenza eminyakeni eyi-10 emva kokutheleleka ngaphandle kokuqhubeka, iningi lazo lizoqhubeka libhekele i- AIDS ngaphandle kokwelashwa .
- Ucwaningo olwenziwa ngo-2013 lubonise ukuthi abesifazane abethulela ukwelashwa kwabantwana abangenasifo sokubeletha abancane amathuba okukwazi ukukhulelwa, ngaphandle kwe-IVF, uma behlolisisa i- chlamydia kunokuba bengenalo.
Isikhathi sibaluleke kakhulu kuzo zonke lezi zifundo. Esikhathini sokutadisha okungenasifo, kwakungeyona nje indaba uma abesifazane bekhulelwe, kubalulekile ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi eside kangakanani. Ukubambisana nesikhathi kubonakala ngokucacile esifundweni se-HIV. Kwafuna ukwazi ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi eside kangakanani ukuba abantu bathuthuke kusukela egazini lesandulela ngculazi nengculazi.
Imithombo:
I-Keltz MD, i-Sauerbrun-Cutler MT, i-Durante MS, i-Moshier E, i-Stein DE, i-Gonzales E. Positive Chlamydia i-trachomatis serology kubangelwa abesifazane abafuna ukunakekelwa ukungakwazi ukubeletha kungumbikezeli omubi wokukhulelwa kwe-intrauterine. I-Dis Trans Trans Dis. 2013 Nov; 40 (11): 842-5. i-doi: 10.1097 / OLQ.0000000000000035.
Van der Helm JJ, Geskus R, Lodi S, Meyer L, Schuitemaker H, Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer B, Monforte Ad, Olson A, Touloumi G, Sabin C, Porter K, Prins M; CASCADE Ukusebenzisana ku-EuroCoord. Ukufaniswa kokungapheli isikhathi eside kokungenwa kwe-HIV-1 ngemuva kwesifo se-seroconversion: isifundo seqembu. I-Lancet i-HIV. 2014 Oct; 1 (1): e41-8. i-doi: 10.1016 / S2352-3018 (14) 70016-5.
Wang CC, Chang CT, Lin CL, Lin IC, Kao CH. I-Hepatitis C Virus Infection Ehambisana Neengozi Ekhulayo Ye-Vein Deep I-Thrombosis: Isifundo Sezinhlangano Ezixhaswe Abantu. Imithi (Baltimore). 2015 Sep; 94 (38): e1585. i-doi: 10.1097 / MD.0000000000001585.