Akekho umzali othanda ukucabanga ukuthi ingane yakho isisu. Kodwa, amakhulu ezinkulungwane zamantombazane amantombazane akhulelwa minyaka yonke e-United States. Futhi iningi lalabo abakhulelwe alihlelekile .
Ukukhulelwa kwentsha kuye kwehla ngokuqinile eminyakeni eyishumi edlule ngenxa yemikhankaso eyanda ukuhlosisa abantu abasha mayelana nokulawulwa kokubeletha . Kodwa, i-United States isenayo enye yezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokukhulelwa kwentsha ezweni elimboni.
Nakuba kungekho mbuso udinga imvume yomzali yokuvimbela ukukhulelwa, imithetho yokukhipha isisu intsha ihluka kakhulu ngombuso. Amanye amazwe adinga isaziso sabazali, abanye badinga imvume, futhi amanye amazwe awadingi uhlobo lokubandakanya kwabazali.
Iningi lamazwe anezinhlinzeko ezikhethekile ezinganeni ezithola izinkinga zezokwelapha kanye nalabo abakhulelwe ngenxa yokungathandana noma ukuxhashazwa ngokocansi.
Nazi imithetho yokukhipha isisu yamanje yabasha ngezwe:
I-Alabama
- Kudinga imvume yomzali evela kumzali oyedwa.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba ziphikise imvume yomzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
Alaska
- Uma intombazane ingaphansi kweminyaka engu-17, umbuso udinga imvume yomzali kumzali oyedwa amahora angu-48 ngaphambi kokukhipha isisu.
- Ijaji lingasithethelela ingane encane kule mfuneko.
I-Arizona
- Kudinga imvume yomzali evela kumzali oyedwa.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba ziphikise imvume yomzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
Arkansas
- Kudinga imvume yomzali evela kumzali oyedwa.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba ziphikise imvume yomzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
California
- Akukho ukubandakanyeka kwabazali okudingekayo.
Colorado
- Kudinga umzali oyedwa aziswe ngesinqumo 48 amahora ngaphambi kokukhipha isisu.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba zinyathelise umzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
- Uma ingane encane isihlobo esingumdala ngaphandle komzali, isihlobo esingumdala singatshelwa ngokukhipha isisu esikhundleni somzali.
Connecticut
- Akukho ukubandakanyeka kwabazali okudingekayo.
I-Delaware
- Kudinga umzali oyedwa, ugogo nomkhulu, noma umqeqeshi wezempilo yengqondo kufanele atshelwe ngesinqumo sincanyana 24 amahora ngaphambi kokukhipha isisu lapho intombazane ingaphansi kweminyaka engu-16.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba zinyathelise umzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
EFlorida
- Kudinga umzali oyedwa aziswe amahora angu-48 ngaphambi kokukhipha isisu. Abazali akudingeki bavume.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba zinyathelise umzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
Georgia
- Kudinga umzali oyedwa aziswe amahora angu-24 ngaphambi kokukhipha isisu. Abazali akudingeki bavume.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba zinyathelise umzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
I-Hawaii
- Akukho ukubandakanyeka kwabazali okudingekayo.
Idaho
- Kudinga umzali oyedwa onika imvume yokukhipha isisu.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba zithinte umzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
Illinois
- Kudinga umzali oyedwa, isinyathelo-umzali ohlala ekhaya, noma ugogo nomkhulu aziswe amahora angu-48 ngaphambi kokukhipha isisu.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba zithinte umzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
A
Indiana
- Kudinga imvume yomzali evela kumzali oyedwa.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba ziphikise imvume yomzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
Iowa
- Kudinga ukuthi umzali noma ugogo nomkhulu baziswe amahora angu-48 ngaphambi kokukhipha isisu.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba zinyathelise umzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
Kansas
- Kudinga bobabili abazali banikeza imvume yokukhipha isisu.Uma abazali behlukanisiwe noma behlukanisiwe, umzali kuphela ogcinwe esitokisini kumele adlulise imvume.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba zinyathelise umzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
Kentucky
- Kudinga imvume yomzali evela kumzali oyedwa.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba ziphikise imvume yomzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
Louisiana
- Kudinga imvume yomzali evela kumzali oyedwa.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba ziphikise imvume yomzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
Maine
- Akukho ukubandakanyeka kwabazali okudingekayo.
Maryland
- Kudinga umzali oyedwa ukuthi utshelwe ngesinqumo. Uma ingane encane ingahlali nomzali noma umzamo ozwakalayo wokunikeza isaziso awuphumelelanga, imvume inganikezwa.
- Ivumela odokotela ukuba baxolele imfuneko.
EMassachusetts
- Kudinga imvume yomzali evela kumzali oyedwa.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba ziphikise imvume yomzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
Michigan
- Kudinga imvume yomzali evela kumzali oyedwa.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba ziphikise imvume yomzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
Minnesota
- Kudinga isaziso sabazali bobabili abazali ngaphambi kwamahora angama-48 ngaphambi kokukhipha isisu.Abazali akudingeki bavume.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba zinyathelise umzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
Mississippi
- Kudinga imvume yabazali kubabili bobazali.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba ziphikise imvume yomzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
Missouri
- Kudinga imvume yomzali evela kumzali oyedwa.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba ziphikise imvume yomzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
I-Montana
- Akukho ukubandakanyeka kwabazali okudingekayo.
I-Nebraska
- Kudinga imvume yomzali evela kumzali oyedwa.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba zinyathelise umzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
I-Nevada
- Akukho ukubandakanyeka kwabazali okudingekayo.
I-New Hampshire
- Kudinga umzali oyedwa aziswe ngesinqumo 48 amahora ngaphambi kokukhipha isisu.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba zithinte umzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
E-New Jersey
- Akukho ukubandakanyeka kwabazali okudingekayo.
I-New Mexico
- Akukho ukubandakanyeka kwabazali okudingekayo.
I-New York
- Akukho ukubandakanyeka kwabazali okudingekayo.
North Carolina
- Kudinga imvume yomzali evela kumzali oyedwa, noma ugogo nomkhulu ohlala naye okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha, ukunikeza imvume yokukhipha isisu.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba zinyathelise umzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
North Dakota
- Kudinga imvume yabazali kubabili bobazali.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba zinyathelise umzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
E-Ohio
- Kudinga imvume yomzali evela kumzali oyedwa.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba zinyathelise umzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
Oklahoma
- Kudinga isaziso sabazali bomzali oyedwa amahora angu-48 kusengaphambili futhi umzali kufanele anike imvume.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba zinyathelise umzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
Oregon
- Akukho ukubandakanyeka kwabazali okudingekayo.
Pennsylvania
- Kudinga imvume yomzali evela kumzali oyedwa.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba ziphikise imvume yomzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
I-Rhode Island
- Kudinga imvume yomzali evela kumzali oyedwa.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba zinyathelise umzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
South Carolina
- Kudinga imvume yomzali evela kumzali oyedwa noma omkhulu kumantombazane angaphansi kweminyaka engu-17.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba zinyathelise umzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
South Dakota
- Kudinga isaziso sabazali amahora angu-48 ngaphambi kokukhipha isisu.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba zinyathelise umzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
Tennessee
- Kudinga imvume yomzali evela kumzali oyedwa.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba ziphikise imvume yomzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
Texas
- Kudinga imvume yomzali evela kumzali oyedwa. Omunye umzali kufanele atshelwe ngesinqumo amahora angu-48 ngaphambi kokukhipha isisu.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba ziphikise imvume yomzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
I-Utah
- Kudinga umzali oyedwa aziswe amahora angu-24 ngaphambi kokukhipha isisu nomzali oyedwa kumele banikeze imvume.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba ziphoqe imvume yomzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo kodwa lowo mzali kufanele aziswe.
- Ijaji lingase licabange ingane encane ukuba ikwazise umzali uma ingane encane ibe nomzali oyedwa nokuthi lowo mzali uye waxhaphaza futhi udokotela uye wabika ukuhlukunyezwa eziphathimandla ezifanele. Ukwengeza, ingane encane ingahle ikhululwe kulo mfuneko uma umzali ehlulekile ukuthatha umthwalo wokunakekelwa kwengane.
Vermont
- Akukho ukubandakanyeka kwabazali okudingekayo.
Virginia
- Kudinga imvume evela kumzali oyedwa, ugogo nomkhulu, noma umzala omdala ohlala naye.
- Omunye umzali, ugogo nomkhulu, noma umfowabo omdala ohlala naye omncane kumele aziswe amahora angu-24 ngaphambi kokukhipha isisu.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba zinyathelise umzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
Washington
- Akukho ukubandakanyeka kwabazali okudingekayo.
West Virginia
- Kudinga umzali oyedwa aziswe amahora angu-24 ngaphambi kokukhipha isisu.
- Ijaji noma udokotela angabangela ukuthi ingane encane isuke kule mfuneko.
Wisconsin
- Kudinga umzali oyedwa, umzali okhulayo, ugogo nomkhulu, ugogo, umalume, noma umntakwethu okungenani oneminyaka engama-25 ubudala anika imvume yokukhipha isisu.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba zinyathelise umzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
I-Wyoming
- Kudinga isaziso sabazali amahora angu-48 ngaphambi kokukhipha isisu nomzali kufanele avume.
- Ivumela izingane ezincane ukuba ziphikise imvume yomzali ngokuthola imvume yenkantolo.
Vimbela ukukhulelwa okungahleliwe
Bamba ingxoxo njalo nengane yakho ngezihloko ezinzima, njengezocansi nokulawulwa kokuzalwa . Ukunikeza amaqiniso, kanye nokwaziswa mayelana namagugu akho, kungathinta izinqumo zakho zentsha .
Nakuba ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi intsha iyathonywa abezindaba, abazali babo basenethonya elikhulu phezu kwabo uma kuziwa ezindabeni ezifana nokukhipha isisu.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unendodana noma indodakazi, yenza kucacise ukuthi ufuna ingane yakho ikwazi ukusekela umntwana, ngaphambi kokuthi ibe neyodwa.
> Imithombo:
> Altshuler AL, uSterey HLG, uPrager SW. Ukuhlola Izindlela Zokukhipha Isisu Zama-Adolescents Nabadala abase-US Ukusebenzisa i-Social Media. Ukwelashwa . 2015; 91 (3): 226-233.
Umzali Ohleliwe: Imvume Yabazali Nemithetho Yokuzisola
I-Guttmacher Institute: Intsha