Ukuxilongwa kwesifo se- sinus (sinusitis) kuvame ukusekelwe ezimpawu zakho nokuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Uma izimpawu ziqhubeka futhi zingaxazululwa ngemithi yokwelapha, i-X-ray noma i- CT scan ingenziwa. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuboniswa kwesono ngokuqondile nge- endoscope encane ye-fiberoptic kuzokwenziwa futhi isampula ingathathwa ukuze ihlolwe ubuncane namasiko . Nakuba kungenjalo zonke izifo zesifo zidinga ukwelashwa, ukukhomba imithi yokuqala-nokuqala imithi, uma kunesidingo-ayikwazi ukukusiza nje uzizwe ungcono ngokushesha, kodwa ingavimbela ukutheleleka ekuqhubekeni.
I-Self-Checks
Izinsuko eziningi zesifo zibangelwa ukutheleleka ngegciwane lesibindi njenge- cold common . Ngenxa yokuthi udokotela wakho uzofuna ukugwema ukukunikeza ama-antibiotic ngokungadingekile (asebenza kuphela nge-bacterium sinusitis, hhayi i-viral), kuvame ukululeka ukuthi ulinde ubone ukuthi izimpawu zakho ziba ngcono yini phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba kucutshungulwe ukwelashwa.
Ngesikhathi ulinda, qaphela lapho izimpawu zakho ziqala nokuthi ziye zaqhubeka kanjani. Lolu lwazi luzosiza udokotela wakho uma uqeda ukufuna ukuhlolwa.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ezinsaneni, izingane, noma abadala, kubanda kufanele kube ngcono ngemva kwesonto. Igciwane lingabandakanya izitshalo futhi likhiqize ukuxubana kwamasal, ukucindezelwa kwesinasi, kanye nokudonsa amanzi emanzini izinsuku ezingu-10. Ngaleso sikhathi, ukutheleleka kwesifo se-virus kufanele kubonise ngcono.
Kodwa-ke, uma sekuyizinsuku ezingu-10 futhi izimpawu zingatholi kangcono-noma zithuthukisiwe, kodwa zibi kakhulu (okubizwa ngokuthi ukugula kabili) -ukutheleleka kwesifo se-bacterial kungenzeka ukuthi sekuthuthukile.
Ezinye izimpawu zibandakanya umkhuhlane ophikelela noma ophezulu; ubuhlungu obukhulu be-sinus, ikakhulukazi ohlangothini olulodwa; futhi iveza ukukhishwa kwamanzi, ikakhulukazi ohlangothini olulodwa. Lezi kufanele zikugqugquzele ukuthi ushayele udokotela wakho ukuthola i-aphoyintimenti yokuhlolwa nokuxilongwa.
Uma noma nini uthola izimpawu ezinzima, kufaka phakathi izinguquko embonweni wakho, ukuvuvukala eduze kwamehlo noma ebunzini, ikhanda elibi noma ukudideka, kufanele ubone udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Lezi zibonakaliso ezinkulu ukuthi isifo se-bacterial sinus sisakazeka.
Ukuhlolwa
Izifo ze-Sinus zingatholakala futhi ziphathwe udokotela wezingane noma umhlinzeki wezingane eziyinhloko. Ngokuvamile, ukutheleleka kwesono kutholakala kuphela ezimpawu zesiguli kanye nokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha.
Qinisekisa ukuthi wabelana ngolwazi lonke oluthathe inothi ngalo: uma isifo sakho se-sinus siqala, yiziphi izimpawu oye wazibhekana nazo, futhi, uma ngabe unezifo ezandulele, lapho zenzeka khona nokuthi zithatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuxazulula. Ukuba nezifo ezine ze-sinus ngaphezulu ngonyaka zizokwenza udokotela wakho abheke izinto ezibangela ukufaka ingozi yakho. Yabelana nanoma yiziphi izinto eziziwayo eziyingozi , kufaka phakathi umlando wezifo ezifuywayo, i-asthma, nanoma yiziphi izimo ezingenza buthakathaka amasosha omzimba wakho.
Ukuhlola ngokomzimba ngokwayo kuzofaka phakathi ukuhlola ngaphakathi ekhaleni lakho nge-speculum ne-flashlight. Udokotela wakho uzobona lapho uzizwa ubuhlungu noma ububele njengoba lokhu kungakhomba ukuthi yisiphi isono esithintekayo. Udokotela wakho uzophinde afune amanzi okuphuza emakhaleni nasemphinjeni. Ukubheka ekhaleni kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi kukhona yini umzimba ongaphandle, i-septum ephukile, i-polyps yama-nasal, i-tumor, noma i-nosebleed.
Ama-Labs nezivivinyo
Udokotela wakho angakhetha ukwenza ukuhlolwa okunye, kepha lokhu akukwenziwa njalo.
Lokhu kungafaka:
- Isiko semifudlana yamanzi eqoqwe nge-swab yekhala noma isono
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi (isilinganiso se-sedimentation se-erythrocyte, i-CBC, i-protein-C esebenzayo)
- Ukuvivinya umzimba, ikakhulukazi ukutheleleka kwesifo esingapheli noma ukuphinda ukutheleleka kwesifo
Ukucabanga nokuNqubo
Ukucabanga ngokuvamile akukwenziwanga ezimweni zesifo esiyingozi. Ngokuyinhloko isetshenziselwa i-sinusitis engapheli noma i-sinusitis ephindaphindiwe ukuze ibheke izimbangela zesakhiwo. Kungenziwa futhi uma unezimpawu ezinzima ezibonisa ukuthi ukutheleleka kungase kusakazeke.
I-X-ray sinus chungechunge ingenziwa ukuze kutholakale uketshezi ku-sinus nama-polyp nasal.
Iskena se-CT sinikeza umbono ophelele kakhulu wezono futhi manje sikhethiwe. I-MRIs ayifuni kakhulu ukusetshenziswa ngoba ayihlukanisi umoya ovela etheni.
Kwezinye izimo, udokotela uzokwenza i-rhinoscopy (endalcopy yangasese) ukuze ubheke amavesi aso. Ungathunyelwa kuchwepheshe we-ENT kule nqubo. I-endoscope yomzimba iyishubhu elincane elifakwe emakhaleni akho ukuze ubone amavesi akho angasese nezono. Iqukethe ikhebula elikhanyayo, i-fiberoptic, ne-lens yokubuka. Kungase ifakwe ekhamera yevidiyo ngakho udokotela angabona izithombe esikrinini bese ebhala ukuhlolwa.
Ukuze ukwenze ukhululeke ngokwengeziwe ngesikhathi se-rhinoscopy, uzonikezwa i-spongestant spray yangasese futhi i-spyptic spray spraying yangaphakathi. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungasetshenziswa ukuhlola ama-polyp nasal, i-septum ephukile, i-turbinates ekhulisiwe, i-tumor kanye ne-pus. Kungasetshenziswa futhi ukususa izicubu ukuze udokotela wakho ahlole ukutheleleka kwe-bacterial noma fungal.
Udokotela wakho angase afune ukukhomba kahle izinto eziphilayo eziphethe isifo se-sinus, ikakhulukazi ezimweni zokutheleleka okungaphenduli kuma-antibiotic noma okusakazekayo. Lesi sampula sitholakala nge-endoscopy yama-nasal noma i-sinus puncture ukuze igweme ukungcoliswa ngamagciwane okutholakala emaqenjini angasese. I-sinus pcture yenziwa ngokugaya indawo yesikhumbuzo (ngokuvamile nje ngaphansi kwekhaleni noma ngaphakathi emlonyeni), ukufaka inaliti, nokuhoxisa i-aspirate.
Ukuhlonza okuhlukile
Udokotela wakho uzofuna kuqala ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezifo ezigulayo, ezibangelwa amagciwane, ezibangelwa amagciwane, noma ezifungile zezimpawu zesifo se-sinus. I-rhinitis ye-allergic ngokuvamile ine-drainage ecacile emanzini kunokuba amanzi amanzi aphuzi, aphuzi noma aluhlaza abonakale kwisifo se-bacterial or fungal sinusitis. Udokotela angakutshela ngokuhlolwa kokuvivinya umzimba uma lokhu kusolakala. Uma ngokuyinhloko ubuhlungu obubuso nobuhlungu bekhanda, umthombo ungaba i-migraine esikhundleni se-sinusitis. Kukhona futhi amacala, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni, zomzimba wangaphandle onamathela ekhaleni elibangela ukuvuvukala.
Isikhathi sokulinda ngaphambi kokwelashwa ngama-antibiotics kusiza udokotela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akaqedi ama-antibiotic, angeke akwazi ukuxazulula isifo se-viral sinusitis, i-rhinitis ye-allergen, noma ezinye izimpendulo zokuvuvukala okungezona ezithathelwanayo, futhi zingaholela ekumenikeleni.
Uma izimpawu ziqhubeka izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-10 futhi ukuhlolwa kubonisa izimpawu zokubandakanyeka kwe-sinus, noma uma unomkhuhlane, udokotela angase anikeze ama-antibiotics ngokucabangela ukuthi yisifo se-bacterial sinusitis.
I-sinusitis ecacile izosulwa ngamasonto amane. Uma usuke waba nezimpawu zamasonto angu-12 uzobizwa ngokuthi i-sinusitis engapheli. Lokhu kungabangelwa izimbangela ezibandakanya ukuguqulwa komzimba, sinusitis ye-fungal, sinusitis ye-fungal, i-polyps yama-nasal, izibilini ezinobuthi noma izifo ezimbi ezimbi, ama-turbinates akhulisiwe noma i-septum ephukile.
> Imithombo:
> Acute Sinusitis. I-Mayo Clinic. http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/acute-sinusitis/basics/definition/con-20020609.
> Radojicic C. Sinusitis. Umtholampilo waseCleveland. http://www.clevelandclinicmeded.com/medicalpubs/diseasemanagement/allergy/rhino-sinusitis/.
> Sinusitis. I-MedlinePlus. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000647.htm.
> USoudry E, i-Nayak JV. I-Nasal Endoscopy. I-American Rhinologic Society. http://care.american-rhinologic.org/nasal_endoscopy.