Ukunquma isigaba somdlavuza wakho wamaphaphu kungenye yezinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuqala ngemuva kokuthi utholakale. Kungase kuphazamise ukulinda ngalesi sikhathi, njengoba nje kuvame ukuhlolwa okuningi. Esikhathini esithile isiteji asikwazi ukwahlulelwa ngokuqinisekile ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi umdlavuza wamaphaphu uhlelwe ngokunembile.
Ukubaluleka Kwezinyathelo Zomdlavuza We-Lung
Kunezizathu ezimbalwa zokuchaza isigaba somdlavuza wakho wamaphaphu kubalulekile.
Enye yukuthi ukucacisa isigaba somdlavuza wakho inikeza ulwazi olubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni uhlelo lokulashwa. Ukuphazamiseka kungakusiza ukwazi ukuthi noma cha ukuhlinzekwa yini ukhetho lomdlavuza wakho, nokuthi ulaka kangakanani ukuba nolunye ukwelashwa. Enye inzuzo yokulinganisa ngokucophelela kukulinganisa ukubikezela kwakho. Ngenkathi ukwelashwa komdlavuza kuyashintsha futhi akunakwenzeka ukwazi kahle ukuthi uzosabela kanjani empilweni yakho, isigaba somdlavuza wakho singakunika umqondo walokho ongayilindela.
Izivivinyo kanye nezinqubo zokuThuthukiswa komdlavuza we-Lung
Ucwaningo oluthile luvame ukwenziwa ukuze lunqume isigaba esithile somdlavuza wamaphaphu. Lezi zifundo zenziwa ukuhlola ubukhulu besisu sakho, futhi uma uye kuphi lapho usakaze khona. Ukuhlola ukuhlola kunganikeza ulwazi oluthe xaxa, kodwa i-biopsy ivame ukudingeka ukuthi ukwazi kahle ukuthi uhlobo luni lomdlavuza wamaphaphu onalo, nokuthi luyingqayizivele kangakanani ezingeni lemangqamuzana. Okunye ukuhlolwa kwesiteji kungafaka:
Ucwaningo lokucatshangelwa - ukuhlolwa kwe-CT kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-MRI kungasiza ukuchaza ubukhulu bomdlavuza wamaphaphu nokuthi usakaze kangakanani. Ukusetshenziswa kohlelo lwe- PET lomdlavuza wamaphaphu kungasiza kakhulu ekunqumeni ukuthi umdlavuza wamaphaphu usebenza yini noma cha.
I-bronoscopy - I- bronchoscopy iyindlela lapho kusetshenziswa khona ithuluzi elikhanyayo emlonyeni wakho nasesibhedlela sakho ukuze ubone ngeso lengqondo imigwaqo emikhulu yamaphaphu akho.
Lokhu kuvumela odokotela ukuthi babone amakhemikhali eduze kwemikhumbi yakho yokuhamba emoyeni, kanye namagciwane angena emaphashini ngenqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi i-endobronchial ultrasound.
I-Mediastinoscopy - I- mediastinoscopy yinkqubo ngezinye izikhathi esetshenziselwa ukubona ngeso lengqondo-ne-biopsy, uma kufanelekile-indawo ebizwa ngokuthi i-mediastinum yakho. I-mediastinum yindawo emkhatsini wamaphaphu akho aqukethe inhliziyo, isifo, i-trachea, kanye namanothi amaningi lymph. Ukunquma ukuthi ngabe umdlavuza wakho usakazeke yini kulezi zinhlanzi zamakhemikhali angaphakathi kungaba nengxenye enkulu ekuhleleni ukwelashwa.
Imibiko ye-liop biopsy - Ngemuva kokucwaninga kwe-imaging kwenziwa, i- lung biopsy ivame ukudingeka ukuze kutholakale uhlobo oluqondile lomdlavuza wamaphaphu onalo kanye nephrofayli ye-molecular (izici zofuzo) zesisu sakho. I-biopsy yamaphaphu ingenziwa ngezindlela eziningana: ngokusebenzisa i-biopsy yenaliti lapho inaliti efakwe ngodonga lwakho lwesifuba lungena emaphashini akho, i-biopsy eyenziwa ngesikhathi se-bronchoscopy, i-pulp biopsy evulekile (ngokuvamile ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu), noma ividiyo i-biopsy thoracoscopic esebenzisanayo, lapho kufakwa khona ukucubungula okumbalwa esifubeni sakho futhi ukukhanya okufakiwe kufakwe ukuthola izicubu. Muva nje uvivinyo olubizwa ngokuthi i- biopsy yamanzi lutholakala, olungaqondisa ezinye izici zomdlavuza wakho ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okulula.
Imibiko yokuhlinza - Ngesinye isikhathi isigaba esinembile asikwazi ukunqunywa kuze kube yilapho sekuqhutshwa inqubo yokuhlinzwa, njenge-lobectomy. Funda ukuthi ungafunda kanjani umbiko wakho we-pathology yomdlavuza wamaphaphu .
Uvivinyo lweMetastases
Ngaphandle kokuhlolwa okwenziwayo ukuhlola umdlavuza wamaphaphu ngokwawo, ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ukuze ubheke imishanguzo (isakazwa) somdlavuza wamaphaphu. Izindawo ezivame ukwanda komdlavuza wamaphaphu zihlanganisa amathambo, ubuchopho, isibindi, nezigulane ze-adrenal. Lezi zivivinyo zingase zifake iskena se-CT esiswini (ukubheka isibindi nesimiso se-adrenal), ukuskena kwethambo (ukubhekisisa ama-metastases amathambo), nokuhlola kwe-CT noma i-MRI scan (ukuze ubuke ubuchopho be-brain).
Umdlavuza wamaphaphu omncane ungasakaza nasemnothweni wamathambo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi i-biopsy yamathambo isenziwa ukubhekela lokhu kusakazeka.
I-TNM Isiteji
Ukuze uqonde isigaba somdlavuza wakho wamaphaphu kuyasiza ukubukeza ngokushesha into eyaziwa ngokuthi "ukuhlelwa kwe-TNM." Ukuhlelwa kwe-TNM kuyindlela yokubuka isisu sakho ngokuhlola ubukhulu bayo nokuthi ngabe usakaze kangakanani. Kungenzeka ukuthi ubonile lokhu kumbiko ngezinhlamvu ezifana ne-T2N2M0. Empeleni kulula kakhulu ukuyiqonda lokhu kunokubukeka. Lezi zincwadi ozothola zihlanganisa:
I-T - T imelela "isisu" futhi isilinganiso sobukhulu bomdlavuza wakho ngamasentimitha. Isibonelo, umdlavuza ongu-3cm (1.5 amayintshi) ububanzi uzobhalwa "T1.)
I-N - N imele ukubandakanyeka kwe-lymph "node". I-N0 ingasho ukuthi umdlavuza awusakazeki kunoma yiziphi izitho zamagciwane. I-N1 isho ukuthi umdlavuza usakaze kuma-lymph nodes eduze kwe-tumor yangempela. I-N2 isho ukuthi i-tumor isakaze kuma-lymph nodes ngokuqhubekayo kude ne-tumor yokuqala. I-N3 ibhekisela kuma-lymph nodes ngisho nangaphezulu kude nesisu noma ohlangothini oluhlukile lomzimba.
I-M - M ibhekisela ekufikeni kwezinto ezihamba phambili. I-M1b isho ukuthi umdlavuza usakaze ezindaweni ezikude zomzimba. I-M1a isho ukuthi umdlavuza usakaze kwenye emaphaphu, noma endaweni phakathi kwezingxenye ezifaka emaphashini (ukungcola okumbi kabi).
Lezi zinhlanganisela ezihlukene ze- TNM zokulinganisa , nazo, zihambisana nezigaba ezithile zenombolo (izigaba zamanani) womdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Ukumiswa Kwezinhlobo Ezihlukahlukene Ze-Cancer Lung
Kulezi zinhlobo ezimbili ezivame kakhulu zomdlavuza wamaphaphu, isiteji sihluke kakhulu
Umdlavuza wesifo samangqamuzana omncane ongasona omncane uhlehlisiwe ube yizigaba ezinhlanu: isigaba 0 kuya kwesigaba se-IV, ngamachungechunge lapho lezi zancipha khona. Umdlavuza omncane wamangqamuzana wamaphaphu uhlehlisiwe ube yizigaba ezimbili kuphela: isigaba esilinganiselwe nesigaba esiphezulu.
Izinyathelo Zengculaza Ezingekho Emincane
Umdlavuza wamangqamuzana ongewona omncane uphukile waba yizigaba ezinhlanu, kusukela esiteji 0 ukuya esigabeni IV. Ngayinye yalezi zigaba iphinde ihlelwe phansi ibe yizingxenye. Ake sibheke ngasinye salezi zigaba kanye nezinye izifo ezivamile.
Isigaba 0 I-Cancer Lung
Ukuxilongwa kwesigaba 0 umdlavuza wesifo samangqamuzana ongewona omncane awuvamile, kepha cishe uzoba ovamile manje lapho ukuhlolwa komdlavuza we-lung lungenza kabanzi. Esikhathini somdlavuza wamaphaphu we-0-futhi nayo i-carcinoma in situ-umdlavuza uhlukaniswe ngaphakathi kwezingqimba ezimbalwa zamaseli lapho waqala khona futhi ongafaki ngaphezu kwesikhala sangaphakathi samaphaphu. Lezi zicubu zingase zisole ngokususelwa ekutadisheni kwe-sputum yakho (i-sputum cytology) kodwa umdlavuza awutholakali ekufundweni kwe-imaging okwamanje esinayo. Njengoba lezi zicubu zincane kangaka, zivame ukutholakala ekuhlolweni futhi azikwazi ukuthi zikhona izimpawu.
Ukwelashwa kwesigaba somdlavuza we-lung 0 - Ukwelashwa okukhethwa emdlalweni wesifo somdlavuza we-lung 0 kuyinto yokuhlinzwa, ngenqubo yokuhlinzwa ngokuya endaweni yomdlavuza.
Ukubikezelwa kwesifo somdlavuza wamaphaphu esigabeni sesi-0 - Njengoba isifo somdlavuza wamaphaphu, noma i- carcinoma in situ , kubhekwa njengokungenasidalwa, lezi zomshukela kufanele, ngokulinganayo, zibe ngamaphesenti angu-100 okuphulukiswayo ngokuphathwa.
Isigaba I-Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
Isigaba I-non-encane yomdlavuza wesifo samaphaphu uhlanganisa izicubu ezingenayo (zonke izigaba ngaphandle kwesigaba se-0 zibhekwa njengezingavamile), kodwa ezingakaze zisakaze kunoma iyiphi i-lymph nodes. Igama elithi "invasive" lingasabisa, kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi umdlavuza uye wahlasela noma yiziphi izicubu ngaphandle kwamaphaphu. Ngokusho ukuthi kusakaze ngaphesheya koqweqwe oluphezulu lwamangqamuzana alungisa umoya womoya. Amaphesenti angama-15 abantu atholakala kulesi sigaba. Iphinde ihlelwe phansi ibe yi:
Isiteji Umdlavuza wamaphaphu - Lezi zicubu zingaphansi kuka-3cm (1.5 amasentimitha) ububanzi.
Umdlavuza wesifo se-St Ib Ibhwayizi zinkulu kunama-3cm ububanzi.
Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wesigaba somdlavuza - Ukwelashwa komdlavuza we- Lung kuyindlela yokwelapha isifo somdlavuza. Kubantu abanesifo somdlavuza wamaphaphu kodwa abangakwazi ukuhlinzwa, noma kulabo abanezinambuzane ezingakwazi ukufinyelelwa ngokuhlinzwa, i- radiotherapy yomzimba (stereotactic body radiotherapy) (SBRT) ingasetshenziswa ukuphatha umdlavuza. Ngomdlavuza we-mapa wamaphaphu, ukuhlinzwa kungase kube yodwa ukwelashwa okudingekayo. Ukuze uthole umdlavuza we-Ib lungwane noma labo abanezici ezinonya, i-oncologists ingase iphakamise i-adjuvant chemotherapy (i-chemotherapy eyenzelwe ukwelapha noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asakaze ngaphezu kwamapayipi kodwa angakatholakali ekufundeni izithombe.)
Ukuchazwa kwesifo somdlavuza wamaphaphu - Isibikezelo somdlavuza wesifo somdlavuza we-lungeni sihle kakhulu, cishe cishe ingxenye yabantu abatholwa ukuthi baphila iminyaka emihlanu emva kokuxilongwa. Lokhu ukubikezela kungcono kakhulu uma umdlavuza utholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlola ukuhlolwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Isigaba II Esingekho Emincane I-Cancer Lung Cancer
I-Stage II engeyona encane yamangqamuzana amaphaphu amaphaphu ahlanganisa ukuhluka okuhlukahlukene. Lezi zomshukela, ezibhekwa njengomdlavuza wendawo , kungenzeka zibe zincane kepha sezivele zisakaze ezithombeni eziseduze, noma zingaba zikhulu kunomdlavuza wesigaba. Lezi zicubu zingase zihlasele umoya womoya noma uhlaka lwamaphaphu (i-pleura.)
Isifo somdlavuza we-Stage IIa - Lezi zicubu zivame ukungena emkhatsini we-3 no-7cm futhi zisakaze ezithombeni eziseduze.
Isigaba IIb somdlavuza wamaphaphu - Lawa kansela kaningi avela phakathi kuka-5 no-7cm futhi asakaze emaphethini omzimba oseduze, noma angakaze asakaze kuma-lymph nodes kodwa akhulu kakhulu (amakhulu kunama-7cm.)
Ukwelashwa kwesifo somdlavuza wesigaba se-II - Ukwelashwa kwesigaba sesi-II kuvame ukuhlanganisa ukuhlanganiswa kwezinqubo zokwelapha zendawo nezindlela. Ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-Lung (ukwelashwa kwendawo) kuvamise ukukodwa uma isisu singasebenza. I-Adjuvant chemotherapy (ukwelashwa okuhlelekile) kuyenziwa njalo. Okunye ukwelashwa kunganconywa ngokusekelwe kuphrofayilini yamathambo we-tumor yakho.
Ukuchazwa kwesigaba sesibili somdlavuza wamaphaphu - Nakuba ukuhlinzeka kuvame ukuphumelela, phakathi kwamaphesenti angama-20 no-50 alawa makhwala abuyele emuva. Ngisho noma bephindela emuva, noma kunjalo, ukwelashwa kuyatholakala. Isilinganiso seminyaka emihlanu sokusinda esigabeni II singamaphesenti angama-30 kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi sikhula ngokuvunywa kokwelashwa okusha.
I-Stage III engeyona encane yegciwane lesandulela ngculaza
Umdlavuza we-Stage III ongewona omncane wamaphaphu uhlanganisa iqembu elihluke kakhulu lama-cancer. Empeleni, isigaba se-IIIa umdlavuza wamaphaphu uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "isigaba sokuqala" somdlavuza wamaphaphu kanti isigaba se-IIIb esingasona esincane samangqamuzana emaphaphu wamaphaphu ngokuvamile sibhekwa ngokuthi "isiteji esiphezulu." Isiteji sesi-III sihlehlisiwe sibe yi:
Umdlavuza we-Stage IIIa ongasona omncane wamaphaphu - Amagciwane kaningi futhi asakaze emaphethini omzimba oseduze (N!) Noma amancane futhi asakazeke emaphethini amancane angama-lymph (N2.) Angase athunyelwe "emaphandleni" asempumalanga umdlavuza.
Umdlavuza we-Stage IIIb ongewona omncane wesifo samaphaphu - Lezi zomshukela zingaba nanoma yisiphi isayizi, kodwa zisakaze kuma-lymph nodes ezikude (N2) noma izakhiwo eziseduze namaphaphu afana nenhliziyo noma isifo.
Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wesigaba se-III - Imithi yokwelapha yesigaba IIIa no-IIIb yamaphaphu ahlukene kakhulu. Esikhathini sesigaba se-IIIa umdlavuza wamaphaphu, ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa nge "intando yokuphefumula" -i-malicious lingo okusho nje ukuthi inhloso yokwelapha umdlavuza. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa kanye kokubili ukwelashwa kwamakhemikhali kanye nemithi yokwelashwa .
Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukwelashwa kwegciwane lesandulela ngculazi lesigaba se-IIIb kufana nalawo okwemdlavuza wesigaba se-IV, futhi kuvame ukwenza ukuze kuthuthukiswe izimpawu noma kwandise impilo, kodwa abakwazi ukwelapha umdlavuza. Zivame ukuphathwa ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-chemotherapy kanye nokwelashwa kwemisebe. Ngesinye isikhathi, ukwelashwa okunjalo njenge-chemotherapy kunganciphisa ubukhulu besisu se-stage IIIb, ukuze ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa ngosuku oluthile. Ukuhlolisisa i-molecular (ukuhlolwa kofuzo) kubaluleke kakhulu kumathumba kulesi sigaba, njengoba ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe kungase kube enye yezokwelapha ezingcono kakhulu (bheka isigaba somdlavuza we-IV.)
Ukuchazwa kwesifo somdlavuza wesigaba se-III - Isibikezelo sesigaba se-IIIa no-IIIb samaphashaza wamaphaphu ahluke kakhulu. Ngokungafani nokuphila okungamaphesenti angu-20 amaphesenti angu-20 esigabeni IIIa, isilinganiso sokusinda esigabeni IIIb sinamaphesenti angu-5 kuphela. Njengoba kuphawuliwe ekuqaleni, lezi zibalo azicabangi eziningi zokwelapha ezintsha ezitholakalayo emdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Igciwane lesandulela ngculaza lesisiteji se-Stage IV
Umdlavuza we-Stage IV ongewona omncane wesifo segciwane lesifo samaphaphu yisigaba esiphezulu kunazo zonke zomdlavuza we-cell wamaphaphu okungewona omncane. Noma kunjalo, cishe abantu abangamaphesenti angu-40 banesifo se-stage IV ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa. Lezi zicubu zisakaze kwezinye izitho zomzimba, kwenye emaphaphu, noma esikhaleni phakathi kwezicubu ezinamaphaphu ( ukulimaza okubi okungamanga .)
Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wesigaba se-IV - Nakuba isifo somdlavuza wesigaba se-IV singelapheki, ukwelashwa okuhloswe ukwandisa impilo nokunciphisa izimpawu kuye kwaba ngcono eminyakeni embalwa edlule. Njengoba umdlavuza wesigaba se-IV-obizwa nangokuthi umdlavuza we-metastatic lungomdlavuza-unomdlavuza usakazeka ngaphezu kwamapayipi, ukuhlinzwa akuvamile ukwenza. Ukwelashwa okusetshenzisiwe kungabandakanya:
- I-Chemotherapy
- Imithi ehlosiwe - Ukwelapha kuyatholakala kubantu abathwala izicubu ezinokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo eziningana kuguquguquka kwe-EGFR, ukulungiswa kabusha kwe-ALK , nokulungiswa kabusha kwe-ROS1 , neminye imithi efundiswa ekuvivinyweni kwemitholampilo. Xhumana ne-oncologist yakho ngolwazi olusha oluthile lwezinguquko.
- Immunotherapy - Izidakamizwa ezimbili ze-immunotherapy sezivunyelwe kubantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Nakuba le mithi ingasebenzi kuwo wonke umuntu, kwabanye abantu baye babangela ukuhlala isikhathi eside ngisho nalabo abanezigaba eziphambili kakhulu zesifo.
Ukuchazwa kwesifo somdlavuza wesigaba se-IV - Ukuchazwa kwesigaba se-IV emdlavuza wamaphaphu kuthuthuka. Ngenkathi le minyaka emihlanu yokusinda kwaba yilapho ephakathi kwamaphesenti angu-1 kuphela, lokhu kuyashintsha ngokuvunyelwa kwamuva kwemithi emisha, kokubili ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe, kanye nokuzivikela, ukuphatha lesi sifo.
Izinyathelo Ezincane Zengculaza Yamaselula
Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, umdlavuza omncane wamaphaphu we-cell uhlehlisiwe ube yizigaba ezimbili kuphela; umkhawulo olinganiselwe wesifo somdlavuza omncane wamaseli kanye nesigaba esincane somdlavuza wamaphaphu omncane . Lezi zomshukela zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ngokususelwa noma ngabe umdlavuza uzokwelashwa usebenzisa insimu eyodwa yemisebe noma cha.
Isiteji Esilinganiselwe I-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Cishe ingxenye yesithathu yabantu iyatholakala kulesi sigaba sokuqala somdlavuza wamaphaphu omncane, owaziwa ngokuthi umdlavuza wamaphaphu omkhawulo. Lezi zicubu zikhona emaphashini owodwa kuphela, kodwa kungenzeka zisakaze kuma-lymph nodes.
Ukwelapha okulinganiselwe umdlavuza omncane wamaphaphu - Ngezikhathi ezingavamile, ukuhlinzeka ngomdlavuza omncane wamangqamuzana wamaphaphu kuyindlela yokukhetha, kepha ukwelashwa kuvame ukuhlanganiswa kwe-chemotherapy kanye nokwelapha imishanguzo.
Ukubikezelwa komdlavuza womkhawulo wamaphaphu omkhawulo - Umdlavuza womaphaphu wamaphaphu omncane oneminyaka emihlanu ungamaphesenti angu-30 kuya kwamaphesenti angu-40. Kuphakeme uma lezi zicubu zitholakala kakhulu kakhulu futhi lapho ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa.
I-Stage Extensive Cell Small Lung Cancer
Cishe izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zabantu ababhekene nomdlavuza omncane we-cell wamaphaphu banezifo eziningi zesiteji. Lezi zomshukela zingase zikhona kuzo zombili amaphaphu, futhi zivame ukusabalalisa kwezinye izifunda zomzimba, ngisho nangesikhathi sokuxilongwa. Ngokujwayelekile basakazeka ebuchosheni.
Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu omningi - Nakuba umdlavuza omncane wamangqamuzana wamaphaphu uvame ukuba ngumdlavuza ohlukumezayo, uvame ukuphendula kahle ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-chemotherapy kanye nokwelashwa kwemisebe.
Ukuchazwa kwesifo somdlavuza wamaphaphu amaningi - Iminyaka emihlanu yokusinda komdlavuza wesifo somdlavuza omncane wamangqamuzana amancane nje kuphela ngamaphesenti amabili kuya kwangu-8, kodwa kulindeleke ukuthi lokhu kuzobe kuthuthuka. Nakuba kubonakala sengathi inqubekelaphambili encane yenziwe ekwelashweni komdlavuza omncane wamangqamuzana wamaphaphu emashumini eminyaka eminyaka lokhu kushintsha manje. Izilingo eziningi zokwelashwa ziyaqhubeka nokuhlola lezi zindlela ezingase ziqhubekele phambili ekwelapheni.
Ingabe Isiteleka Somdlavuza We-Lung Shintsha?
Isigaba osinikezwa ngomdlavuza wakho wamaphaphu singashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ikakhulu lapho ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo kwembula ulwazi olusha. Lokho kusho ukuthi isiteleka somdlavuza wakho sivame ukuchaza isiteji lapho kutholakala khona. Isibonelo, noma ngabe uhlinzekwe isigaba somdlavuza we-IIIa wamaphaphu futhi okwamanje awunawo ubufakazi womdlavuza, umdlavuza wakho usazobizwa ngokuthi isigaba IIIa (nakuba lokhu kungafaka incazelo efana ne-NED, engekho ubufakazi bokugula).
Akuvamile ukuba isiteleka somdlavuza wamaphaphu sikhuliswe uma ulwazi olusha lutholakala. Isibonelo, uma kuphawulwe ngemuva kokuxilongwa kwakho kokuqala ukuthi i-lymph nodes ithinteka ku-PET scan. Uma umdlavuza uphindela, isiteji singase sande. Isibonelo, uma isigaba sesibili somdlavuza wamaphaphu siphindela futhi kukhona ubufakazi bokuthi sesakazeke emathanjeni, manje sekuzobhekwa njengomdlavuza wesigaba IV.
Isinyathelo Sakho Esilandelayo Ngemva Kokwekhwabanisa Kwakho Lungwane
Uma wena nodokotela wakho sibona isigaba esinembile somdlavuza wakho, izinketho zokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu zizoxoxwa ngazo. Lesi yisikhathi lapho abantu abaningi becabanga ukuthi bangakhetha kanjani isikhungo sezempilo esingcono somdlavuza wamaphaphu Futhi yisikhathi lapho ungase ufise ukuphishekela umbono wesibili ngomdlavuza wakho wamaphaphu. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukuthola umbono wesibili ngeke ucasule udokotela owake wabona, futhi empeleni, ukuthola umbono wesibili kulindeleke. Le mibono ingakunikeza izindlela ezahlukene zokwelapha, noma kunalokho, kungenza ube nomuzwa othembekile ngokwengeziwe endleleni yokwelapha oyikhethayo. Khumbula ukuthi kunezici eziningi ngaphezu kwesiteji esiya ekukhetheni ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu.
Izwi elivela
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi wonke umuntu uhlukile. Azikho izigameko ezimbili zesigaba se-III ezifanayo, futhi wonke umuntu uphendula ngokuhlukile ukwelashwa.
Ngeke kugcizelelwe ngokwanele ukuthi ukwelashwa-namanani okusinda-umdlavuza wamaphaphu uthuthuka. Khumbula ukuthi noma yiziphi izibalo ozifundile mayelana nokubikezela kwakho ziyiminyaka embalwa ubudala. Ngenkathi lezi zinombolo zingakunika ukulinganisa okunzima mayelana nokuthi abantu benza kanjani izibalo, abasitsheli okuningi ngokuthi uzophendula kanjani njengomuntu ngamunye. Futhi ucabanga ukuthi kunezindlela ezintsha zokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu ovunyelwe esikhathini esiphakathi kuka-2011 no-2015 kunaneminyaka engama-40 ngaphambi kuka-2011, lezi zingase zingabi usizo kakhulu.
Thatha isikhathi sokufunda ukuthi ungathola kanjani ulwazi lomdlavuza omuhle online . Vumela umndeni wakho nabangani bakho bakusize ohambweni lwakho. Ukuthi ufunda lolu lwazi kubonisa ukuthi uthathe isinyathelo esikhulu ekubeni umhlanganyeli osebenzayo ekunakekeleni kwakho. Funda ukuthi ungaba kanjani ummeli wakho ekunakekelweni kwezempilo. Labo abasinda futhi bahlala nomdlavuza wamaphaphu bayokutshela ukuthi kwenza umehluko omkhulu. Futhi akekho okhuthazwa kakhulu kunelabo abaphila nalesi sifo.
Imithombo:
I-National Cancer Institute. Ukwelashwa Kwemdlavuza Yengculazi Engelona Amancane (PDQ) - I-Health Professional Version. Kubuyekezwe 07/07/16. http://www.cancer.gov/types/lung/hp/non-small-cell-lung-treatment-pdq#section/all
Dlula J, uCarbone D, uJohnson D. et al. Izimiso Nezenzo Ze-Cancer Lung . I-4th Edition. UWilliams noWilkins: ngo-2010.
I-Rami-Porta R, i-Asamura H, i-Brierley J, ne-Goldstraw P. Isitatimende, i-Tumor Profile, namaqembu okuPrognostic ku-Cancer Lung noma eNew Tower of Babel. I-Journal ye-Thoracic Oncology . 2016. 11 (8): 1201-3.