Emashumini eminyaka edlule, umphakathi uye waqhubeka waba nesizinda sokufa nokufa. Kunezizathu ezihlukahlukene zalokhu, kodwa bambalwa abangaphikisana nebhizinisi "lokufa" seliye lahweba futhi lenziwa elincane. Kule nqubo, abantu abaye bahluleka kakhulu ukucabanga ngokufa kwabo.
Ukubulala kuyinto engenakugwenywa yokuphila, njengoba uBJ Miller, umqondisi ophezulu we-Project Zen Hospice eSan Francisco, wabonisa ngokukhululekile inkulumo yakhe ekhuthazayo ka-2015 ye-TED.
I-BJ Miller ikhuthaza indlela eqondene nomuntu ekunakekelweni kokunciphisa, ngokugxila enhlalakahleni kanye nenduduzo kunokuba "ukugula," lapho kukhona isikhala senhloso, ukudala nokunciphisa ukuhlupheka okungadingekile.
Ukufa akufanele kubhekwe njengesenzo sokugcina sempilo yomuntu. Ukufa akuyona into okumele ikhuthazwe ngokuthula nangokuzihlukanisa. Abantu badinga ukusekelwa njengoba behamba ngalesi sigaba sokuphila. Iningi lethemba le nqubo izoba ngokwabo, ngesithunzi, uthando kanye nenhlonipho. Kodwa-ke, iningi lezibhedlela ezenza iziguli ziseduze ekupheleni kokuphila aziklanyelwe ukusekela ukunakekelwa kwezintambo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abaningi bafuna ukukhetha ukuthi bafe kuphi nokuthi bafa kanjani, futhi ngokuvamile lokhu akusikho esivumelwaneni esibhedlela.
Ubuchwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe be-digital manje buhlinzeka ngezixazululo ezingathuthukisa izinga lokunakekelwa kokuphela kokuphila.
Ukuthuthukisa Ukuxhumana nokuxhumeka
I-Institute of Medicine (i-IOM) ibika ukuthi abantu abasondela ekupheleni kwempilo yabo bavame ukubonwa bese bebhedlela ngezilungiselelo eziningi zokunakekela impilo.
Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi ulwazi lwabo lwezempilo lukwabelwane kahle futhi ludluliselwe phakathi kwezindawo ezihlukene, ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kokunakekelwa. Amarekhodi ezempilo ezingenakunyakaziswa e-EHR kanye nezinye izinhlelo zezempilo zedijithali zingase zisekele le nqubo futhi zithuthukise ukuxhumana phakathi kochwepheshe abahlukene, ukunciphisa ukulibaziseka kanye nezimpendulo zokugwema.
Ama-EHR angasebenza futhi akhulume izifiso zomuntu, futhi abe yingxenye yokuhlela kwabo okuphambili. Ukufinyelela okulula kwezifiso zesiguli kuqinisekisa ukuthi umuntu oseduze nokuphela kokuphila (uma engase angakwazi ukwenza izinqumo noma kunjalo) uthola ukunakekelwa okubonisa lokho okushiwo ngaphambilini.
Esinye isici esibalulekile sokunakekelwa ngokucophelela ukuxhumana ngokuzibandakanya nokuhlanganyela kwemizwa. Abantu abaningi, kufaka phakathi ochwepheshe bezempilo, abazizwa bekhululekile noma abanamandla ukuxoxa ngezinkinga ezinzima ezikhona lapho umuntu ofa kanye / noma amalungu omndeni wakhe. Impilo ye-Digital inganikeza ngamathuluzi okuqeqesha okusiza ukufundisa nokuqondisa kokubili umnakekeli nesiguli ngokusebenzisa izingxoxo ezinzima. Njengoba iziguli nabanakekeli babo bevame ukuzizwa bekhungathekile, amapulatifomu omphakathi aveza amathuba okuxhuma nokusekela, kokubili ngokomzwelo nangokunikeza ulwazi kanye nemfundo. Amaqembu okusekela abagulayo aphendukela emiphakathini yesiguli esivela ku-intanethi, engasiza kakhulu kubantu abangagcinwa emibhedeni yabo. Isikhungo sokunakekelwa kokunakekelwa kwe-Palliative (CAPC) sihlanganisa ihabhu le-intanethi lokunakekelwa kokunakekelwa kokushayela nokuthuthukiswa. Iwebhusayithi yabo inikeza amathuluzi okuqeqesha kanye nezifundo, amathuba okubambisana nabachwepheshe kulo lonke izwe, kanye nosizo lobuchwepheshe.
Bazama ukusekela ukunakekelwa kokunakekelwa kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lokunakekelwa kwezempilo futhi banikele ngemininingwane ehambisanayo nokubika ngezinhlelo ezahlukene zokunakekelwa kwe-palliative.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Telepalliative
Okunye ukubonisana nokuhlolwa manje kungenziwa ngokude. Lapho esondela ekupheleni kokuphila, umuntu ngokuvamile udinga ukubandakanyeka kwethimba lokunakekelwa kwamaphilisi amaningi, okungabandakanya ukuvakashelwa kwamakhaya nokuvakasha eziningi.
Ukunciphisa ukungakhululeki-futhi mhlawumbe okungadingekile-ukuhamba nokudluliselwa, manje kungenzeka ukuqedela ukubonisana cishe ngasese kanye nokududuza kwekhaya lakho ngokusebenzisa ucingo.
I-Telehospice ichazwe ngokuthi "umkhawulo omusha kakhulu wokulethwa kwezidingo ze-telehealth." Ukukhulumisana okude njengokungathi ucingo noma ingqungquthela yevidiyo ingasetshenziswa ukwenza ezinye izinsizakalo ezizodinga ukuvakashela esibhedlela ngaphambili. Lokhu kwengeza ubukhulu obusha kumasevisi wokunakekelwa kokunakekelwa. Isibonelo, uma kukhona inqubo eyisisekelo, engekho engavumelekile edinga isiguli, umhlengikazi angakwazi ukufundisa abanakekeli bekhaya nge ingxoxo yevidiyo ukuthi angayenza kanjani umsebenzi.
Iziteshi zokusebenza ze-telehealth ezigcwele zibhekwa neziguli ezithintekayo ezihlala ezindaweni ezikude. La madivaysi angakwazi ukukala izimpawu ezibalulekile futhi adlulisele ukufundwa kumhlengikazi, ngakho iziguli zingaqhubeka zibhekwa phakathi kokuvakashelwa komuntu ngaphandle kwesibhedlela. I-National Hospice ne-Palliative Care Organization (NHPCO) isivele ikhishwe iphepha elichaza imikhuba engcono yokusebenzisa i-telehealth. I-NHPCO izame ukubikezela iningi lezinzuzo zokuthola i-telehealth ekunakekelweni kwezintambo, kufaka phakathi ukufinyelela okunekhwalithi kanye nekhwalithi, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko. Kodwa-ke, zibuye zibone ezinye zezinselele, njengezinkinga zezezimali, ukungabi khona kweziqondiso ezihlelekile zohlelo nokutholakala okulinganiselwe kwabasebenzi abesekela nge-telehealth. Ukuzikhandla kwabasebenzi sekube nomkhawulo futhi ukutholakala kwezinsizakalo ezisungulwe kuye kwancipha ezindaweni eziningi. Ucwaningo lwezinhlelo zemitholampilo ekunakekeleni umphakathi, okwenziwa nguDkt. Aileen Collier oye waba ngumhlengikazi wokunakekelwa kwezinkinga ezindaweni eziningi, wabonisa ukuthi ingqalasizinda ethembekile nokwesekwa kobuchwepheshe kubalulekile ekutholeni. Futhi, odokotela babika ukuthi babona i-telehealth njengendlela yokwandisa ukuhlinzekwa kwabo kwezinsizakalo, kodwa hhayi njengokuthi babelane ngokubonisana ubuso nobuso.
I-Telehealth iye yaqashelwa njengomthombo omusha obalulekile ekunakekeleni ukunakekelwa kwezingane ezincane. Ochwepheshe abaningi bayakubona njengethuba lezinhlelo zokuthola imindeni ehlala ezindaweni ezikude futhi abahluphekile indawo yabo. Izibhedlela ezisebenzisa uhlelo lwe-telehealth zichaza izinkinga eziningana ezingaxoxwa ngesikhathi sokubonisana ngevidiyo, isibonelo, ukuphathwa kwezimpawu, inhlalakahle yengqondo, kanye nezinhlelo eziphuthumayo. Izinkinga ezingahle zibe yizinkinga ezinkulu ngenxa yokuntula ukuqonda okuphazamisayo.
Ubuchwepheshe bokudijithali manje bungakhipha ukunakekelwa nokusekelwa abanye abantu abafuna ezinsukwini zabo zokugcina ngendlela ebucayi futhi elula. Kungasiza abantu esigabeni sokugcina sokuphila, kanye nemindeni yabo nabanakekeli, nokuthuthukiswa okwengeziwe kulindeleke kule nkambu esikhathini esizayo. Ubuchwepheshe bokudijithali angeke kuthathe isikhundla sezinto ezibalulekile zomuntu zokunakekelwa kwezintambo, kepha kunalokho zikhulule izinsiza ukuze abanakekeli neziguli bakwazi ukugxila kangcono kulokho okubaluleke ngempela, lo muntu.
> Imithombo
> Armfield N, Young J, Young J, et al. Icala le-telehealth yasekhaya elisemakhaya ekunakekelweni kokunakekela izingane: ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile. Ukunakekelwa kwe-BMC Palliative . 2013; 12-24
> Umbhishobhi L, Flick T, Wildman V. Inhlobonhlobo yochungechunge lokunakekelwa kwemithombo: Imikhuba emihle yokusebenzisa i-telehealth ekunakekelweni kwe-palliative. 2015. I-National Hospice ne-Palliative Care Organization
> Bradford N, Armfield N, Smith A, Young J, Herbert A. Home telehealth kanye nokunakekelwa ukunakekelwa kwezingane: Umbono wezokwelapha mayelana nalokho okusivimbelayo? . Ukunakekelwa kwe-BMC Palliative . 2014; 13 (1); 29
> Collier A, Swetenham K, To, Currow D, Tieman J, Morgan D. Ukuqaliswa kohlelo lwe-pilot telehealth ekunakekelweni komphakathi: Ukutadisha okunempilo emiphakathini yomtholampilo. Imithi ye-Palliative .2016; 30 (4): 409-417
> Institute of Medicine. Ukufela eMelika: Ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi nokuhlonipha okuthandwa ngabanye eduze kokuphela kokuphila . 2014.