Ukusebenzisa Umlando, Ukuhlolwa Kwemvelo, i-MRI, ne-Biopsy Yokuthola I-Brain Tumors
Izicubu ze-Brain ziphikisa ngisho nezingqondo zalabo abangasoze bahlakulela umdlavuza. Ukukhanda ikhanda, ukuxubha, isizungu kanye nezinye izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zingase zisuse ukwesaba ukuthi i-malignancy ebulalayo ihamba ngaphansi kwe-façade yansuku zonke. Odokotela bangasikhuthaza kanjani, noma kubi nakakhulu, siqiniseke ukuthi ubuhlungu bobuchopho bukhona ngempela?
Izimpawu Nezibonakaliso Zezingculazi Zezinhliziyo
Izicubu ze-Brain zithathe isikhala ku-skull okufanele zisetshenziswe ngegazi, ubuchopho, noma i-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
Ngenxa yokuthi i-skull iyindawo esivinjelwe, isisu ngokuvamile sandisa ukucindezela okungahambisani nomzimba , nezibonakaliso ezicacile zombono noma ikhanda elibi kakhulu uma lilele phansi. Lokhu kuthiwa, lezi akuzona izimpawu ezinzima futhi eziphuthumayo, njengoba ezinye izicubu zisakazeka kancane kancane futhi zingathathi indawo enkulu ekuqaleni.
Ukulahleka kwezinto ezibucayi noma okutholakala kwendawo kungenye enye into ebonisa ukuthi okuthile kuthinta ingxenye eyodwa kuphela yobuchopho, kunokuba yonke into ngesikhathi esisodwa. Izingxenye ezahlukene zobuchopho zithinta imisebenzi ehlukene. Isibonelo, uhlangothi lwesobunxele lobuchopho lulawula uhlangothi lwesokudla lomzimba. Uma izinhlangothi zombili zomzimba zibuthakathaka, inkinga ingaba nemisipha noma izinzwa zomzimba - kodwa into eye yathinteka zombili izinhlangothi zobuchopho ingencane. Uma nje isigamu somzimba sibuthakathaka, izazi ze-neurologists zikhathazeka kakhulu ngobuchopho nomgogodla. Ngokufanayo, ukushintsha ulimi, ukuguquka komuntu, noma ezinye izinkinga ezingqondweni zingabonisa inkinga ebuchosheni ebuchosheni.
I-MRI Ukuthola I-Brain Tumor
Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinambuzane zinemibono ehlukene kuMfanekiso WeMagnetic Resonance noma i-MRI . Isibonelo, i- metastase yobuchopho ijwayele ukutholakala eduze komphetho wobuchopho, ngoba ama-metastase asakazeka ngegazi. Emaphethelweni obuchopho bavame ukuba lapho imithwalo yegazi imincane khona, lapho izicucu zesifo somzimba zingase zibe nesikhathi sokuwela umkhawulo wegazi-ubuchopho.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uhlobo lwesifo sobuchopho okuthiwa i- glioblastoma multiforme sivame ukuba yisifo esikhulu esasakazeka ezindaweni eziningi ezihlukahlukene zobuchopho. Esinye isisu esibuchopho esibizwa ngokuthi i-oligodendroglioma singaba nezindawo ezikhanyayo ngenxa ye-calcium efaka ingqondo ebuchosheni.
Konke lokhu kushiwo, indlela ecacile yokwazi ukuthi uhlobo luni lwesifo sobuchopho lukhona ukukhipha ucezu lwesisindo esingavamile bese ububuka ngaphansi kwe-microscope.
I-Lumbar Ukuvala Isikhathi Ukuthola I-Brain Tumor
Ngaphandle kokuziqhenya kwamanzi, ukukhishwa kwe-lumbar kungabheka amangqamuzana angavamile ahambayo ku-cerebrospinal fluid, okuyinto ewuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ogeza futhi ozungeza ubuchopho. Lokhu kungase kube okukhohlisayo, noma kunjalo, njengoba kungase kube namaseli ambalwa angenawo amahhala, futhi iqoqo elilodwa le-cerebrospinal fluid kungenzeka lingatholi amangqamuzana anele ukuhlonza.
I-Biopsy ye-Brain Ukuthola Ukulimala Kwebongo
Ukuthengiswa noma ukukhishwa kwesisu sobuchopho ngokusobala kuyindaba ebalulekile. Odokotela abahlinzayo bazothembela ekusebenziseni i-neuroimaging, njenge- electroencephalography kanye ne-MRI engasebenzi, ukuzisiza ukuthi bazi kahle ukuthi bazokhipha kuphi futhi bahlale kude nezicubu zobuchopho obuphilile.
Esikhathini esiningi, odokotela abahlinzayo bahlela kokubili i- biopsy ye-tumor kanye nomthengisi, okusho ukuthi bangasusa isisu esinengi ngangokunokwenzeka.
Kulesi simo, odokotela abahlinzayo bangathumela ingcezu yobuchopho ukuba ibhekwe ngaphansi kwe-microscope yi-pathologist ngenkathi esekhona ekamelweni lokusebenza. Uma udokotela we-pathologist ekholelwa ukuthi izicubu ziwumdlavuza, odokotela abahlinzayo bangakwazi ukuqhubeka nokukhipha isisu esinengi ngangokunokwenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, kungase kube nezikhathi lapho odokotela abahlinzayo benza i-biopsy encane, lapho kungekho plan yokukhipha isisu ngesikhathi esifanayo. Lokhu kungase kwenzeke uma lesi sifo sisezindaweni ezibucayi, isibonelo, futhi ukuhlinzwa okubanzi kuyoba yingozi kakhulu.
Ukwaziswa Okuningi Kunokuba Nje Uhlobo Lokubhoboza Ubunzima
Ama-neuropathologists abheka la maseli angenza okungaphezu kokusho nje ukuthi hlobo luni lwesifo esibekhona.
Ukubonakala kwesisu kungabuye kuvumele ukuphawula ukuthi buhlungu kangakanani lesi sifo. Ezinye izitshalo zingasetshenziselwa ukucacisa ukuthi ubuhlungu obukhulu buzoba kanjani ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zokwelapha. Lolu lwazi luzoqondisa izincomo zodokotela ngendlela engcono kakhulu yokunakekelwa, futhi zingase zinikeze nomqondo wokuthi isiguli sizokwenza kanjani esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.
> Imithombo:
> Miller, A. Neuro-oncology. I-Continuum: Ukufunda Kwakuphila Kwonke Nge-Neurology. 2012, 18: 2, 263-501
> Ropper AH, Samuels MA. Adams kanye Nemigomo kaVictor ye-Neurology, 9th ed: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2009.