Uveitis, Scleritis, ne-Dry Eye Syndrome
Iningi labantu bacabanga ukuthi i-arthritis isifo esihlangene kuphela. Kuye ngohlobo lwe-arthritis , kungaba nemiphumela yesistimu yesifo, izinkinga, nezimo ze-comorbid .
Isibonelo, izimo zokuvuvukala zesistimu ezifaka i- arthritis ye-rheumatoid , i- systemic lupus erythematosus , isifo se-Sjogren , i- spondyloarthropathies , i- vasculitis , i-Behcet's syndrome, ne- dermatomyositis , ingahlanganiswa nezinkinga zamehlo.
I-Eye Anatomy
Iso liyisakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi. Ingxenye yangaphambili yeso ihlanganisa i-cornea ne-lens. Zombili yizakhiwo ze-avascular (ngaphandle kwemithambo yegazi) ngokuvamile. Kukhona ikamelo elingaphakathi eligcwele amahlaya aqueous (amanzi amanzi). I-uveri yangaphakathi ihlanganisa iris ne-body ciliary. Ingxenyana engezansi ye-uvea ibizwa ngokuthi i-choroid, isisindo esikhulu kakhulu se-vascularized esihlala ngemuva kwe-retina. Noma yikuphi ingxenye ye-uvea ingaba nomlilo, kanye nezicubu ezizungezile.
Isembozo sangaphandle esimhlophe saso sibizwa ngokuthi i-sclera. I-sclera ne-cornea bahlangana ukuze benze i-limbus phambi kweso. I-retina ingaphakathi elingaphakathi kweso-eyingxenye yokwandiswa kobuchopho futhi iyakwazi ukuphendula kumpawu ezibonakalayo.
Nakani Izimpawu
Uma ubhekene nemibono engavamile, kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho, ikakhulukazi i-rheumatologist yakho. Mhlawumbe uzonikezwa ukudluliselwa ukuze ubone ophthalmologist.
Izibonakaliso nezimpawu ongazithola zixhomeke engxenyeni yeso elivuthayo noma ngandlela-thile elithintekayo. Kwezinye izimo, ukuphuza ukwelashwa kungabangela ukungaboni, ngakho-ke uthathe ngokungathí sina futhi ube nezibalo zakho ezihlolwe.
I-Eye Eye Syndrome
I-Keratoconjunctivitis sicca iyaziwa ngokuthi yi-eye eye syndrome eyomile.
Yinkinga ye-eye ejwayelekile kunazo zonke ehambisana ne-arthritis ye-rheumatoid, enesisindo esiphakathi kwamaphesenti angu-15-25. Njengoba ungalindela, umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa kwesifo somzimba esomile ukugcwalisa izinyembezi nokugcina ifilimu yezinyembezi.
Uveitis
Njengoba igama layo libizwa, u-uveitis ukuvuvukala kwe-uvea okuholela ekuvupheni nasekucaseni. I-anterior uveitis, uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-uveitis, lihlotshaniswa nokuvuvukala kwengxenye yangaphambili yeso. Njengoba iris ivame ukuyingxenye eyodwa kuphela, ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi i-iritis.
I-uveitis yangemuva ithinta ingxenye yangemva ye-uvea, ikakhulukazi ehilela i-choroid. Uma i-choroid kuphela ihilelekile, ibizwa ngokuthi i-choroiditis. Lapho i-retina ihilelekile futhi, ibizwa ngokuthi i-chorioretinitis. Kodwa olunye uhlobo lwe-uveitis yi-pars planitis elibangelwa ukuvuvukala kwendawo encane (pars plana) ehlala phakathi kwe-iris ne-choroid.
Izimpawu ze-uveitis zingabandakanya umbono obonakalayo, ubuhlungu beso, izindawo ezimnyama ezihambayo, ukuzwela ekukhanyeni, nokubomvu kweso. I-anterior uveitis ngokuvamile ihamba ngezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya kwamasonto, ngelashwa. Ubuhlungu be-uveitis bungaphinde buphele kusukela ezinyangeni kuya eminyakeni futhi kungabangela ukulimala okungapheli, naphezu kokwelashwa. Ama- corticosteroids omlomo noma amaconsi e-steroid ejwayelekile asetshenziselwa ukuphatha u-uveitis.
Ezinye izibalo: Amaphesenti angaba ngu-80 we-uveitis eyenzeka ezinganeni ahlotshaniswa ne- arthritis yezingane ezisencane . Abantu abangamaphesenti angama-50 abahlakulela i-uveitis ye-anterior bahle nge- HLA-B27 . Cishe amaphesenti angu-80 abantu abane-HLA-B27-ehlobene ne-uveitis ye-anterior nayo inezinye ze-spondyloarthropathies.
I-scleritis
I-scleritis ibangelwa ukuvuvukala kwe-sclera. Kunezinhlawulo ezinhlanu ze-scleritis: zihlukanisa i-anterior, nodular, necrotizing, i-scleromalacia perforans, futhi i-posterior. Iso elibuhlungu, elibomvu luyisici se-anterior, nodular, nobe necrotizing scleritis. Nge-scleromalacia perforans, ubuhlungu buyahlukahluka futhi isici se-nodule (kufana nesicathulo se-rheumatoid) siqala esikhaleni.
Ubuhlungu bubuye buguquke ne-posterior scleritis. Umbono ophuphuthekile, ukuqhekeka kweso, ukuzwela ekukhanyeni, kanye nama-red patches engxenyeni emhlophe yeso kungenzeka futhi.
Abantu abane-scleritis bangathuthukisa ezinye izinkinga zamehlo, ezifana ne-uveitis, i-glaucoma, i-optic nerve edema, nokuhlanekezela kwe-retinal noma i-choroidal. I-scleritis eyingozi ingabangela ukuncipha kwe-cornea engabangela ukuphuphutheka okuyingxenye.
Izimo ezihlotshaniswa ne-scleritis zihlanganisa i-granulomatosis ne-polyangiitis (ingase iqale ekuqaleni) kanye nesifo samathambo (ngokuvamile esihlala isikhathi eside, i-RA enesisindo). I-arthritis ye-rheumatoid ilandisa ngamaphesenti angu-18 kuya kwangu-33 amacala we-scleritis.
Ukwelashwa kwesifo se-scleritis kungase kuqale ngezidakamizwa ezingavumelani nokuvuvukala futhi kuqhubekele kumlomo we-prednisone, amaconsi e-steroid, noma ama-steroid wendawo. I-scleritis ivame ukuphikelela, ihlala iminyaka eminingi.
Imithombo:
Ukubonakaliswa kwe-Ocular of Autoimmune Disease. I-American Family Physician. I-Patel SJ et al. Ngo-September 15, 2002.
http://www.aafp.org/afp/2002/0915/p991.html
> Scleritis. I-MedlinePlus. 9/3/2012.
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001003.htm
> I-Eye ne-Rheumatic Diseases. Isahluko 44. UJames T. Rosenbaum. I-Kelly's Textbook ye-Rheumatology. Umagazini wesishiyagalolunye. U-Elsevier Saunders.
> Uveitis. I-MedlinePlus. 9/3/2012.
> http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001005.htm