Ukuphatha ama-shingles, owaziwa nangokuthi i-herpes zoster (HZ), ugxila ezintweni eziningana: ukusheshisa ukuphulukiswa kokuqeda nokunciphisa ubuhlungu obuhambisana nokugqashuka nokunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga-ikakhulukazi nge -neuralgia (PHN) elandelako ukugwaza noma ukuvutha okubuhlungu okungabangela umuntu izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka. Kusukela i-PHN ingaqhubeka kahle ekuzithekeni kwesibindi, phawula ukuthi ezinye izinketho zokwelapha ezilandelayo zingase zibe ngqo ukukhulula i-PHN.
Okunye okubalulekile ukuqaphela: Kubalulekile ukuphatha izibungu ezithinta indawo yeso, i-herpes zoster ophthalmicus, ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma kungasetshenziswanga ngaso leso sikhathi, kungabangela ukulimala okungapheli emehlweni noma ngisho nasempumputhe. Ngenxa yokuthi lolu hlobo lwe-shingles luthinta iso, ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa kwezinye izindawo zomzimba aziphephile. Imithi yokwelapha i-antiviral echazwe ngezansi ibaluleke kakhulu. Futhi ngezinye izikhathi udokotela uzobe ebeka i-steroid ye-topical kuye ngokuthi iyiphi ingxenye yeso elihilelekile.
Amakhambi asekhaya kanye nendlela yokuphila
Ngezindlela eziningi, ama-shingles afana nanoma yikuphi ukutheleleka okunye: Ukwengeza ekubangela ukuqhuma okungahambi kahle futhi okungaqondakali, kukwenza uzizwe unesifo, ukhathele futhi ukhululekile yonke indawo. Ngakho-ke, enye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ongayenza ngenkathi ubhekene nayo ukuzinakekela ngokwakho ngokujwayelekile noma, uma unakekela omunye umuntu onamathemba, ebaleka nge-TLC.
Ngaphandle kwalokhu, nawe kufanele uthathe izinyathelo zokuqeda ubuhlungu.
- Khombisa isikhumba sakho. Faka isicelo sokucindezeleka okupholile njengoba kudingeka ukuze unciphise ubuhlungu futhi usule amabhuleki. (Ungenzi lokhu uma usebenzisa ukhilimu we-topical noma i-patch, njengalezo ezichazwe ngezansi.)
- Thatha umsizi otholile. Ukugeza okukhululekile kungasiza ekuhluphekeni. Ungathenga imikhiqizo yokugeza yama-colloidal e-oatmeal esikhungweni sezidakamizwa noma esitolo esikhulu, noma wenze ngokwakho: i-Whir oatmeal ejwayelekile, uhlobo oluthile lokudla kwasekuseni, ku-processor yokudla kuze kube yi-powder omuhle. Engeza i-cupful ngamasentimitha ngamanzi ngamanzi atshisayo (hhayi ashisayo).
- Gqoka ukuze uthole induduzo. Umfutho wesigqoko kusuka ekugqoke izingubo ungadambisa ubuhlungu. Uma ukushayeka kwakho kuyingxenye yomzimba wakho okudingeka uguzwe uma uphumile, gqoka okuthile okuhambisana ngokungahambisani futhi kwenziwe nge-fibre yemvelo.
- Thola ukuphumula okuningi. Ngaphandle kokuvala ubuthongo obufanele bokulala ebusuku, okuyinto abantu abaningi abaphakathi kwamahora angu-7 no-9, bathathe isikhathi phakathi nosuku uma uzizwa ubadinga.
- Yidla kahle. Lokhu kusho ukuthola izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokudla okunomsoco futhi phakathi kokudla, nokugcina lezo eziphakeme ngamafutha agcwele, usawoti, namakhalori angenalutho okungenani.
- Hambisa umzimba wakho uma uzizwa unamandla. Zama izivivinyo ezilula ezifana nokwelula noma ukuhamba. (Hlola nodokotela wakho uma usanda kushayela umzimba.)
- Ziphazamise wena. Thola izindlela zokucabangela ubuhlungu nokukhathazeka. Lokhu kungaba njengokulula njengokungumngane ozoxoxa ngakho noma ukugxila ekuzilibaziseni-ukhethe iphrojekthi yokubopha futhi, isibonelo. Hlanganisa ingane ngezingxabano kumdlalo wekhadi, iphazili, noma enye imisebenzi emnandi.
- Ukucindezeleka. Vula emisebenzini noma imikhuba eyokusiza ukuba uphumule, njengokuzindla, ukufunda, noma ukulalela umculo otholile.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Over-the-Counter (OTC)
Ukukhululwa okuqhubekayo ngenxa yobuhlungu nokukhwabanisa kusuka emahlathini kuyindlela nje yokuhamba ngezidakamizwa kude.
Le mikhiqizo kulula ukuthola futhi ayidingi imithi kadokotela. Eqinisweni, abanye osuvele unayo emathunjini akho emithi ekhaya.
- Imithi ye-OTC yobuhlungu. Imithi engeyona-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) efana ne-Tylenol (i-acetaminophen) noma i-Motrin noma i-Advil (ibuprofen) ingasebenza ngempumelelo ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu obuncane kuya ekulinganiseni. Uma unikeza i-NSAID kumntwana onama-shingles, qinisekisa ukuthi umthamo ufanele iminyaka yakhe nesisindo (ilebuli izokutshela, kodwa ungabuye uhlole nodokotela wezingane). Unganiki ingane i-aspirin noma yimiphi imithi equkethe i-aspirin: Le mithi ihlotshaniswa nobungozi obandayo be-Reye's syndrome, isifo esingavamile esibangela ukuvuvukala kobuchopho nesibindi.
- Ama-antihistamine. I-antihistamine yomlomo efana ne-Benadryl (diphenhydramine) ingase ilulaze ukucheka (kodwa futhi ibangela ukulala, ngakho ungayithathi uma udinga ukugxila noma ukushayela). Ungase futhi uzame i-antihistamine yama-topical. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Benadryl iza njenge-spray, ukhilimu, noma inamathele ekusebenziseni ngqo esikhumbeni.
- I-calamine lotion. Njengama-antihistamine angama-topical, i-calamine lotion inganciphisa ubuhlungu nobuhlungu. Uma ungathandi izinto zakudala ze-pink ezincane, ungathola futhi inguqulo ecacile.
- Lidocaine. Lezi zinkinga zosizo zendawo zisiza ukukhulula ubuhlungu ngokuphazamisa okwesikhashana indawo ebuhlungu. Itholakala ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene ze-OTC zesikhumba, futhi ku-patch ebizwa ngokuthi i-Lidoderm enamathela esikhumbeni futhi ikhiphe inani elincane le-lidocaine amahora angama-12 ngosuku. Sebenzisa kuphela i-lidocaine (kunoma yiluphi uhlobo) esikhumbeni esiqinile-okungukuthi, sisahlushwa noma sishaywa ngemva kokuphulukiswa kwamabhansela, njengoba kunjalo lapho ama-shingles elandelwa yi-neuralgia ye-posterpetic (PHN).
I-Capsaicin. Isithako esisebenzayo ku-pepper esilula esishaya umlomo wakho lapho uhlangana nalo salsa esiphukayo sinomthelela omkhulu esikhumbeni. Isebenza ngokususa i-neurochemical ebizwa ngokuthi i-substance P ehambisa izimpawu zobuhlungu. Ucwaningo oluthile luye lwathola ukuthi i- capsaicin iphumelela ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu bomonakalo obunjenge-PHN. Iningi ucwaningo luye lwabheka ama-patches e-prescription-kuphela aqukethe ukuhlushwa okuphezulu (amaphesenti ayisishiyagalombili) we-capsaicin. (Igama lomkhiqizo nguQutenza). Ungathola ama-crams aqukethe ama-dose aphansi we-capsaicin ezitolo zezidakamizwa, izitolo zokudla zezempilo, kanye ne-intanethi. Enye yalezi, i-Zostrix, iqukethe i-capsaicin engamaphesenti angu-0.1. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngesamba esifanele kuwe. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwenzekani, kungumqondo omuhle ukugqoka iiglavu ezilahlayo uma usebenzisa i-capsaicin futhi unakekele ukungathinti indawo yeso noma noma yiziphi izindawo zesikhumba esiphukile noma esibucayi.
Imigomo
Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kuyisihluthulelo sokunciphisa ubukhulu bokuqhaqhazela kwesisu, kuqala ngemithi yokulwa namagciwane. Ezinye izidakamizwa zingahle zibekwe ukuze kunciphise ubuhlungu nokungahambi kahle.
- Imithi ye-antiviral. Lezi zivimbela igciwane le-varicella ukuba lisanda, ukuphulukisa ngokushesha kwezilonda zesikhumba, futhi kunciphise ubukhulu nobude bezinhlungu. Ziphumelele kakhulu uma zinikezwa kungakapheli amahora angu-72 wokuqala kokushayeka, ngakho-ke uma usola ukuthi ukuqhuma kwezibhansela kungase kube ukushayela, bheka ngokushesha udokotela wakho. Khumbula ukuthi uma ungaphathi ukuqala ukwelashwa nge-anti-virus ngaphambi kwamahora angu-72, kungase kube usizo ukuthatha eyodwa. Kunezidakamizwa ezintathu zokuvimbela izidakamizwa zokwelapha izilonda: Zovirax (acyclovir), Famvir (famciclovir), neValtrex (valacyclovir). Abantu abanezinhlelo zokuzivikela zomzimba (njengabanikeli bezitho zangasese nalabo abanesandulela esiphezulu ngegciwane lesandulela ngculazi, noma i-HIV) bangadinga i-acyclovir engenazinambuzane. I-Acyclovir ijwayele ukuba yabiza kakhulu kulawa kodwa kufanele ithathwe kaningi kunezinye izidakamizwa.
- Anticonvulsants . Ukuze uthole ukuphumula ubuhlungu, izidakamizwa ezithile ezisetshenziselwa ukulawula ukuwayeka ngezinye izikhathi zisiza. Izibonelo yiNeurontin (gabapentin) naseLyrica (pregabalin), okungase kukhululeke ubuhlungu be-PHN uma kusetshenziswe nge-antiviral.
- I-Tricyclic antidepressants. Leli klasi lama-antidepressants, elihluke kakhulu kuma-inhibitors akhethiwe kakhulu-serotonin reuptake inhibitors, noma i-SSRI, njenge-Prozac (i-fluoxetine), itholakale ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu benzwa. Izibonelo ezithile zifaka amitriptyline (etholakala kuphela kwifomu ejwayelekile), i-Aventyl (nortriptyline), ne-Norpramin (desipramine).
- Corticosteroids. Nakuba kungavamile ukuba kubekwe ama-shingles noma i-PHN, ama-corticosteroids ngezinye izikhathi asetshenziselwa ngokuhlanganyela nemishanguzo ye-antiviral ezimweni ezimbi.
- Ama-opioids . Ezinye izixazululo ze-opioid transdermal, njengama-patches-release release-patches noma ama-fentanyl patches, ziye zafakaza ngokuphumelelayo uma ama-shingles noma i-PHN ibangela ubuhlungu obukhulu.
Imithi yokwelapha ehambisanayo (i-CAM)
Nakuba kunezinye izindlela zokwelashwa ezibhekwayo, kucutshungulwa okwanele ukuthi kucatshangelwe ukuthi kuyasebenza. Phakathi kwazo kukhona ama-enzyme e-proteolytic, akhiqizwa ngokwemvelo yi-pancreas ukusiza ukugaya amaprotheni kusukela ekudleni. Zitholakala nokudla okuthile, njenge-papaya ne-chinanasi. Izithako ezitholakala ku-papaya (okuthiwa i- papain ), i-phaphapple (ebizwa nge- bromelain ), naku-pancreas yezilwane zingatholakala ku-intanethi, ezitolo zokudla zezempilo, nakwezinye izitolo zokudla nezidakamizwa. Zivame ukudayiswa njengezakhi ze- enzyme zokugaya .
Esifundweni seJalimane sika-192 abantu abanezinsipho, isigamu sithatha ama-enzyme e-proteolytic izinsuku ezingu-14 nengxenye yathatha i-acyclovir. Womabili amaqembu ahlangene nokuhlushwa okufanayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesikhumba, ngaphandle kokubomvu kwesikhumba, okubonisa ukuthuthukiswa okukhulu ne-acyclovir yokwelapha. Iqembu elithatha ama-enzyme e-proteolytic lalinemiphumela emibi kakhulu.
Noma kunjalo, ama-enzyme e-proteolytic angaba nemiphumela ethile emibi, kuhlanganise nokuguliswa kokugaya ukudla nokuzizwa kwemizwa. Ngokuyinhloko, abantu abane-allergies noma i-ananas noma i-papaya kufanele bagweme izithako ezithathwe kulezo zithelo.
Ama-enzyme e-proteolytic, ikakhulukazi i-bromelain ne-papain, akufanele athathwe ngabaxhasi begazi njenge-aspirin noma i-Coumadin (i-warfarin) njengoba kungase kwandise umphumela wale mithi. I-proteolytic enzyme pancreatin ingase iphazamise ukungena kwe-vitamin folate. Njengoba kunobuncane bokuthi ama-enzyme e-proteolytic ayawusizo ngempela ekuqedeni izimpawu zesibindi futhi ukuthi angaba nemiphumela emibi, kufanele uhlole nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuwathatha ukuphatha izibungu.
> Imithombo:
> Derry, S, Rice, AS, Cole, P, Tan, T, no Moore, RA. "I-Capsaicin yama-Topical (Concentration High) ye-Chronic Neuropathic Pain kubantu abadala." I-Cochrane Database Syst Rev. Jan 13, 2017; I-1: CD007393. I-DOI: 10.1002 / 14651858.CD007393.pub4.
> I-MedlinePlus. "Ukukhwabanisa-Ngemuva kokunakekela." Ngo-Meyi 21, 2016.
> Isikhungo seNational on Aging. Izikhwama. "Ngomhlaka 31, 2016.
> Amasevisi aseMelika okuLawula nokuVimbela (CDC). "Shingles (Herpes Zoster): Ukubukwa Komtholampilo." I-Atlanta, Georgia; Ngo-Meyi 1, 2014.
> UpToDate. U-Albrecht, M., "Imfundo Eyisineke: Izindwangu (Ngaphandle Kwezinto Eziyisisekelo)." Mar 6, 2018.