Udokotela wezingane ngokuvamile uqala ukusola i-Down syndrome enganeni esanda kuzalwa. Ukuxilongwa kuvame ukucatshangwa lapho ingane isithola okuthile okutholakala ngokomzimba, izici zobuso, futhi mhlawumbe nezinye izifo ezingabantwana.
Lo mhlahlandlela uzochaza ukuthi yini ingane yakho efuna futhi yiziphi izivivinyo ezidingekayo ukuze kutholakale i-Down syndrome enganeni esanda kuzalwa.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi nakuba kukhona okunye okutholakele okuholela ekuxilongweni kwe-Down syndrome, akekho ingane eyodwa ene-Down syndrome ezoba nazo zonke izici ezichazwe lapha. Futhi ingabe inani lezinkinga zomzimba ezinganeni ezingenayo i-Down syndrome zihambisana nokukwazi kwabo kwengqondo. Njengazo zonke ezinye izingane, ingane ngayinye ene-Down syndrome inomuntu siqu kanye namandla akhe ahlukile.
I-Hypotonia e-Down Syndrome
Esinye sezibonakaliso ezivame kakhulu ze-Down syndrome yi- hypotonia noma i-tone muscle ephansi. Cishe zonke izingane ezine-Down syndrome zine-hypotonia futhi zivele "i-floppy" lapho zizalwa. I-Hypotonia ivame ukuthuthukisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi izingane eziningi ezine-Down syndrome zizoba nokwelapha ngokomzimba kusukela ebuntwaneni nasebuntwaneni ukusiza ukuthuthukisa i-hypotonia yabo.
Izici Esibuso E-Down Syndrome
Ingane ene-Down syndrome inezici zobuso obuhlukile, ezingabandakanya amehlo a-almond (ngenxa yamapulangwe epicanthic); izindawo ezinemibala ekhanyayo emehlweni abo (okuthiwa ama-Brushfield amabala); i-ekhaleni elincane, elincane; umlomo omncane olimini olukhulayo; nezindlebe ezincane. Futhi banobuso obunzima futhi amaphrofayili athile.
Ayikho yalezi zici zobuso noma ezingokoqobo ezingavamile ngokwabo, futhi zingabangela umntwana nge-Down syndrome noma yiziphi izinkinga zezokwelapha. Kodwa uma udokotela ebona inqwaba yalezi zici ndawonye komntwana oyedwa, bangase baqale ukusola ukuthi umntwana une-Down syndrome. Lezi zici zobuso nezibonakalayo zenza abantu abane-Down syndrome bafanane, nakuba befana nemindeni yabo.
I-Single Palmar Crease yamaHandla e-Down syndrome
Esinye isici esibonakalayo ezinsaneni ezine-Down syndrome yi-crease eyodwa ezandleni zezintende zezandla. Lokhu akubange kubangele izinkinga-izandla zabo zizosebenza kahle-kodwa kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi ingane yakho izodinga uma ecabanga ukuthi ingane yakho ine-Down syndrome. Okunye ukungezwani kwesandla ngezinye izikhathi kubonakala ezinganeni ezisenayo i-Down syndrome zihlanganisa iminwe emifushane, enesibindi kanye nomunwe wesihlanu noma i-pinky engena ngaphakathi, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-clinodactyly.
I-Heart Defects in Down Syndrome
Amaphesenti angaba ngu-50 abantwana abane- Down syndrome bazalwa benesiphambeko senhliziyo, okuyinto iphesenti ephakeme kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nenani labantwana abangenayo i-Down syndrome abazalwa benesifo senhliziyo (cishe amaphesenti angu-1). Isifo senhliziyo esivamile kakhulu esibonakala ezinganeni ezinesifo se-Down syndrome yisici se-atrioventricular septal noma isiteshi se-AV. Ezinye izinkinga zezinhliziyo ezitholakala ezinganeni ezinesifo se-Down syndrome zihlanganisa ukungasebenzi kwe-septal defects (VSD), izifo ezingenayo i-atrial septal defects (ASD), kanye ne-patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).
Uma ingane yakho itholakale inesifo senhliziyo, uzothunyelwa ku-cardiologist yezingane ukuze uxoxe ngezinketho zokwelapha, okuvame ukuhlanganisa ukuhlinzwa nokulungisa imithi.
Ukuvimbela Amathumbu Emzimbeni Ku-Down Syndrome
Amaphesenti angaba ngu-10 wezinsana ezine- Down syndrome zizoba nezinkinga zomzimba, njengokunciphisa noma ukuvinjwa kwamathumbu (i-duodenal atresia), ukuvula okungekho emthethweni (i-anal atresia), ukuvimbela ukuphuma kwesisu (pyloric stenosis), noma ukungabi khona kwemizwa ekolon, okuthiwa isifo sikaHirschsprung. Iningi lalezi zinkinga zingalungiswa ngokuhlinzwa.
I-Hypothyroidism ne-Down Syndrome
Abantu abanesifo se- Down syndrome nabo bangabhekana nezinkinga nge-gland yabo yegciwane, okuyi-gland encane esentanyeni. Abantu abane-Down syndrome bangase bakhiqize i-hormone ye-thyroid eyanele, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i- hypothyroidism . I-hypothyroidism ivame ukuphathwa ngokuthatha i-hormone ye-thyroid esikhundleni sayo yonke impilo yomuntu.
Ukuyala i-Karyotype ukuze ihlole i-Down Syndrome
Uma udokotela wezingane ezikhathazeka ukuthi ingane yakho ingaba ne- Down syndrome , uzoyala ukuthi i- karyotype , noma ukuhlaziywa kwe-chromosome, kwenziwe. I-karyotype ingukuhlolwa kwegazi okubheka ama- chromosomes omuntu. Kuthatha cishe phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezinguhlanu ukuthola imiphumela ye-karyotype test.
Imiphumela ye-Karyotype Qinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwe-Down syndrome
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-karyotype, noma ukuhlaziywa kwe-chromosome, kwembula inani lama-chromosomes ingane enayo, kanye nesakhiwo se-chromosomes. Iningi labantwana abane-Down syndrome benombhalo owengeziwe we-chromosome-isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-trisomy 21. Ngenxa yalesi chromosome eyengeziwe, bane-47 ama-chromosomes esikhundleni se-46 evamile.
Ngezinye izikhathi i-chromosomes yengane izohlelwa kabusha, okubizwa ngokuthi i- translocation . Uma ingane ithola ukuthi idluliselwa ku-Down syndrome, abazali bayo kufanele futhi babe nokuhlolwa kwe-karyotype ukuze banqume ukuthi bayithwala yini le ndawo yokuthutha.
Olunye uhlobo lwe-Down syndrome olutholakala nge-karyotype lubizwa ngokuthi i-mosaic Down syndrome, lapho umntwana enemigqa emibili yamaseli-enye ene-chromosomes evamile kanye ne-trisomy 21.
Ukubhekana Nokuthola I-Down syndrome
Ukufunda ukuthi ingane yakho ine- Down syndrome kungaba yisikhathi esiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu empilweni yakho. Ungase uzizwe ukhululekile, wesaba, futhi wedwa. Kukhona ezinye izinto ongayenza ukuze uzize ngezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala , kuhlanganise nokuzivumela ukuba usizi futhi ucele usizo.
Khumbula ukuthi kukhona iqembu labantu abakhona ukusiza. Umndeni wakho nabangani bakho bayakuqaphela, ngakho qiniseka futhi ubatshele ukuthi bangenzani ukusiza.
Uma ingane yakho inezinye izidingo zezokwelapha , uhlangabezane nodokotela wabo bese ubuza imibuzo. Okubaluleke kakhulu, qiniseka futhi uchithe isikhathi nomntanakho.