Ukwelashwa kwe-Down Syndrome

Ukwelashwa kwe-Down Syndrome: Ukufingqiwe Okufushane

Uma uqala ekuqaleni kokuphila, ukwelashwa kwe-Down syndrome kusiza abaningi abanakho ukuba baphile ukuphila okude nokukhiqiza.

Izingane ezine-Down syndrome zizalwa nazo: Zine-chromosome eyengeziwe - ikhophi ye-chromosome 21. Akukho ukwelashwa kwe- Down syndrome ; Kunalokho, umgomo wokwelashwa ukuphatha izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokuhlukunyezwa ngokomzimba, kwezokwelapha, nokucabanga (ukucabanga) abantu abaningi abane-Down syndrome.

Ukwelashwa Kwe-Down Syndrome

Ayikho yokwelashwa kwe-Down syndrome ngokwayo. Noma kunjalo, noma ubani onesifo se-Down syndrome usengozini enkulu yezinye izinkinga zezokwelapha, nakuba abanye bengalokothi bahlakulele. Izinkinga ezivamile zezokwelapha ezibhekene nabantu abane-Down syndrome zihlanganisa ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo ne-thyroid, imisipha, ukuhlangana, umbono, nezinkinga zokuzwa. Izimo ezingabonwa kancane ngaphansi kwe-Down syndrome zibandakanya i-leukemia ne-seizures.

Izindlela eziningi ezihlukene zisetshenziselwa ukwelapha lezi zimo zezokwelapha.

Imithi. Imithi isetshenziselwa ukuphatha ezinye zezimo zezokwelapha ezingahambisana ne-Down syndrome. Isibonelo, umuntu one-disorder of seizure anganikezwa imithi yokulwa nokuthunjwa, kanti omunye onesifo se-thyroid angathatha imithi ye-thyroid-substitution therapy.

Odokotela Nabanye Abachwepheshe. Uma ingane yakho ithola ukuthi une-Down syndrome, udokotela wakho wezingane uyinhloko yokwelapha yezempilo yokuphatha izindaba zakhe zezokwelapha.

Iningi labahlengikazi banolwazi lokubhekana nezinkinga zezokwelapha ezivame kubonakala ezinganeni ezine-Down syndrome. Ngaphezu kwalokho:

• Uma ingane yakho inesifo senhliziyo , iyophinde ilandelwe isazi senhliziyo esibizwa ngokuthi i- cardiologist.
• Uma ingane yakho inenkinga ye -roid, i- endocrinologist yezingane (udokotela obhekene nokuphatha ukuphazamiseka kwesimiso se-endocrine, eveza ama-hormone) uyophatha leyo ngxenye yokwelashwa kwakhe.

Izinkinga zokuzwa nezombono zibonakala ezinganeni ezine-Down syndrome azifani nalabo abonwa kwezinye izingane. Izinkinga zokuzwa zihlolwe yi-audiologist, izinkinga zombono yi-optometrist noma i-ophthalmologist.

Ukunakekelwa kokuhlinzwa kwe-Down Syndrome

Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezitholakala ezinganeni ezine-Down syndrome zidinga ukuhlinzwa. Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ukuhlinzwa okudingayo akusho ukuthi ingane ine "icala elibi kakhulu" le-Down syndrome noma ukuthi unezinkinga zengqondo ezingenzeka kule nkinga.

Izingane ezingahle zidinga ukwelashwa kwe-Down syndrome zibandakanya labo abane:

Ukukhubazeka Kwezinhliziyo Zenhliziyo . Abantwana abangaba ngu-40% abanesifo se-Down syndrome bazalwa ngalezi ziphutha. Abanye banobumnene futhi bangase bazithuthukise ngokwabo, kodwa lezo ezimbi kakhulu zidinga ukuhlinzwa.

I-Gastro i- Absestinal Defects .

• Mayelana ne-1% yabantwana abanesifo se-Down syndrome bazalwa nge-tracheoesophageal fistula, okubangela ukuchofoza nokugubha ubisi noma ifomula.
• Ukusuka ku-2% kuya ku-15% kuzalwa nge-Hirschsprung, okubangela ukukhubazeka kwamathumbu amakhulu.
• Kulinganiselwa ukuthi u-3% uzalwa nge-anus imperusate, lapho ukuvuleka okuvulekile kungekho khona.

Ukubaluleka kokungenelela kokuqala

Izingane ezine-Down syndrome zivame ukubhekiswe ezinhlelweni zokungenela ngokushesha ngaphambi nje kokuzalwa.

Ukwelashwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kuyindlela yokwelashwa, ukuvivinya umzimba, nemisebenzi eyenzelwe ngokuqondile ukusiza izingane ezine-Down syndrome (nezinye izikhubazo). Eqinisweni, umthetho wesifundazwe udinga ukuthi isimo ngasinye sihlinzekele ngezinsizakalo zakuqala kuzo zonke izingane ezifanelekayo, ngenhloso yokuthuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezinsana nezinsana nokusiza imindeni ukuqonda nokuhlangabezana nezidingo zezingane zabo.

Izinsizakalo ezivame kakhulu zokungenelela zangasese ezinganeni ezine-Down syndrome zindlela zokwelashwa ngokomzimba kanye nokwelashwa kwenkulumo.

Ukwelashwa Kwemvelo. Ukugxila ekuthuthukiseni imoto ngoba iningi lezingane ezine-Down syndrome zine-hypotonia (ithoni ephansi ye-muscle, ngokuvamile ebizwa ngokuthi i- floppy baby syndrome ), ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kubenza bahambise imizimba yabo ngezindlela ezifanele ngaphezu kokuthuthukisa ithoni yabo ye-muscle.

Umgomo ombili u-1) ukubasiza ukuba bafinyelele ezinye zezimoto zabo njengoba bekhula futhi 2) ukusiza ukuvimbela izinkinga, njengokuhamba okubi, lelo toni eliphansi eliphansi lingabangela.

Ukwelapha Inkulumo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kubantwana abane-Down syndrome, abavame ukuba nemilomo emincane kanye nezilimi ezincane ezenza kube nzima ukuba bakhulume ngokucacile. Lezi zinkinga zingenziwa zimbi nakakhulu ezinganeni ezinomsindo ophansi (ngoba imisipha yabo ebusweni ayisebenzi kahle) kanye / noma izinkinga zokuzwa.

Abahlinzeki bezinkulumo bafundisa izingane ukuba zikhulume ngokucacile ngokukhuluma noma kwezinye izingane ezine-Down syndrome, ngolimi lwezandla .

Ukuphila kwabantu abadala

Abantu abaningi abanesifo se-Down syndrome benza ngempumelelo ukuguquka ekuhambeni nemindeni yabo ukuze bahlale ngokuzimela, kaningi ekusizeni amalungiselelo okuphila noma imizi yeqembu. Ukuba neqembu labaqeqeshi bokusekela - ikakhulukazi abahlinzeki bezemisebenzi - abafundisa nokukhuthaza amakhono okuzisiza bangasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi othile onesifo se-Down syndrome ufezekisa lesi senzakalo esibaluleke kakhulu.

Abantu asebekhulile abane-Down Syndrome: Ukukhathazeka okukhethekile

Ukuguga kuletha izinselelo ezifanayo kubantu abane-Down syndrome ngokuqondene nabo bonke abantu, kuhlanganise nengozi eyengeziwe yezimo ezinjengokucindezeleka nesifo se-Alzheimer. Ukwelashwa kuyafana, futhi. Omunye umehluko wabanakekeli kanye nodokotela, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungase kube nzima ukubona ukuqala kwalezi zinhlobo zezimo kumuntu onenkinga yokukhuluma ngokucacile ngalokho akuzwayo. Abanakekeli nodokotela kufanele baqaphele izibonakaliso ukuthi abantu asebekhulile abane-Down syndrome bangase bahlakulele izifo ezengeziwe.

Ukuthola Ukusizwa Kwengqondo

Ukubhekana nezici ezingokomzwelo nezingokoqobo zokunakekela umuntu onesifo se-Down syndrome kungase kube nzima ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngenhlanhla, asikho isidingo "sokuhamba yedwa." Imithombo eminingi yokusekela abantu abane-Down syndrome nemindeni yabo nabanakekeli ihlanganisa:

• Amaqembu asekelayo ase-Down syndrome, lapho abantu behlangana ndawonye ukuze bakhulume ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo futhi banikeze isikhuthazo nemibono
• Ukululekwa okuvela ezifundweni zempilo yengqondo, njengabasebenzi bezenhlalo, usizo ngezidingo ezithile nezinkinga ezithile

_Imithombo:

_{Izitatimende Zenqubomgomo Zama-American Academy of Pediatrics. Ukuqondiswa kwezempilo kwezingane ezine-Down syndrome. Izingane zokwelapha. 2011; 107: 442-449.}

_{UCassidy, uSB, Allanson, JE (Ed.). Ukuphathwa kwe-genetic syndromes , 3rd ed. UJohn Wiley & Son (2010).}

_{"Ipheshana lezinsipho kanye ne-Down syndrome." I-National Down Syndrome Society (2016).}

_{"Amaqiniso nge-Down syndrome." Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo (2016).}