Inani labantu likhula ngokushesha. I-National Institute on Aging ikhombisa ukuthi ngo-2050, abantu abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.5 bazoba neminyaka engama-65 noma ngaphezulu . Amazwe anenzuzo ephezulu athambekele ekubeni nenani elikhudlwana labantu abadala. Kodwa-ke, amazwe asathuthukile manje anabantu abaningi asebegugile kakhulu, okwenza lokhu kube inselele yomhlaba wonke. Indlela yokuguga ibuye ishintshe ngokuphawulekayo isilinganiso sabantu asebekhulile kubantu abaneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-65.
Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba labo abasebenza ekunakekeleni asebekhulile ngokuvamile baneminyaka engama-65.
Uma sicabanga ngalezi zilinganiso, kunengqondo ukuthi ezinye izici zokunakekelwa kungase kudingeke ukuba zikhishwe kuma-robot ukunciphisa ukuntuleka kwabantu abanakekeli futhi zinikeze impilo evikelekile futhi enempilo kubantu asebekhulile.
Imakethe ifuna ukwakha ama-robot azokhathalela ama-boomers abantwaba njengoba ehlala emsebenzini, kanti amanye asevele atholakale ngokuthengisa.
Kusuka 'Ikhaya le-Smart' kuya kuMsizi
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinzwa namadivaysi angakwazi ukuqapha umuntu, ukulandelela impilo nemisebenzi, futhi aveze ukuthi kukhona ingozi ekhona kakade isacatshangelwa ekuqaleni kwama-90s. Umlayezo wombhede olula, isibonelo, ungabona uma umuntu ephuma embhedeni ebusuku kodwa angabuyeli, okwenza isidingo sokuhlola ukuthi konke kulungile yini.
Umqondo 'wekhaya elihlakaniphile'-uhlelo olungenantambo lwezinzwa zemvelo olunikezela ulwazi mayelana nokunyakaza komuntu futhi uxhuma amadivaysi asekhaya nemishini-ngumqondo osungulwe manje ngenxa ye "Inthanethi Yezinto." Nokho, ngaphezu kwesikhathi esidlule iminyaka embalwa, ubuchwepheshe bokusekela buye buyinkimbinkimbi futhi buyinkimbinkimbi.
Ngokwesibonelo, cabangela amasondo okudlala nge-wheelder video angasetshenziswa ukude, ukuhlanganisa izinto zekhaya elihlakaniphile nezici zokunakekela ezithinta abantu ezibandakanya izinzwa zokulandelela nge-biometric.
Uhlelo lwe-GiraffPlus luyisinyathelo esixhasiwe yi-EU esicubungula ukusetshenziswa kwalolu hlobo lwama-robotics nabantu asebekhulile.
Kucatshangwa ukuthi kwaba nethonya ekuthuthukisweni kwekusasa kwezenhlalakahle eYurophu. I-robot telefresence ye-Giraffe manje iyatholakala ukuze ithengwe. I-robot ingahlanganiswa nezinzwa ezibekwe eduze kwekhaya, zilingisa ubukhona bomuntu.
'Ukudla kuma Wheels', Literally
I-robotics yaseKorea inkampani i-Yujin ithuthukise i-robot ebizwa ngokuthi i-GoCart ehloselwe ukuletha ukudla ezindaweni zokunakekela asebekhulile nasezibhedlela.
U-Yujin ukholelwa ekugcineni ukuthi ama-robot ayo azokwazi ukuthatha isikhathi ngesikhathi sokudla nabanakekelwa mahhala ngeminye imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu. I-GoCart iyakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yokudiliva nokubuyisela, ukuqapha izwe elikuzungezile kanye nesistimu yayo yokubona indawo kanye nokubala (SLAM) ngesikhathi esisodwa bese ukhuluma namanye amaKhadi. Isebenza kalula futhi inikeza iziguli ukulawula okukhulu phezu kwemvelo yazo. Isibonelo, umuntu angalawula ukudla okulula nge-smartphone yakhe futhi akhululwe. I-GoCart ingase ifonele i-elevator futhi ihambe phakathi kwephansi. U-Yujin weluleka ukuthi ama-robot azokwazi ukukwazi ukukhokhela imali, ukugcina isikhathi kanye nemali kanye nokuzikhethela izikhungo eziningi zokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Ngo-Mashi 2017, le nkampani yamemezela ukuthi izoqala ngezibonakaliso zenguqulo ye-robot yabo engu-2.2, engathwala izinto ezinkulu, njengezelineni noma izikhwama zemfucuza.
Uma lokhu kuhlola kokuqala kuphumelela, ukukhiqizwa kwempahla enkulu kuhlelwe ukuphela konyaka.
AmaRobhothi enenhliziyo
Esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, ama-robot ngeke akhokhe kuphela isandla sokusiza ngezindlela. Ngokuqhubekayo, zenzelwe ukusiza izidingo zabantu ezingokomzwelo futhi zibe ngabangane.
EJapane, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-age yobudala kanye nobuchwepheshe be-robotics, i-push ethile yenziwa ukudala ama-robot wokuxhumana asebekhulile abanokukhubazeka kwengqondo njengokwengqondo kwe-dementia. Lezi robot zingasiza abantu ngemisebenzi yansuku zonke, ukunamathela kwemithi nokuhlela, nokunikeza ukuxhumana okunenjongo.
I-PARO (i-Daiwa House Industry), i-Pepper (SoftBank) ne-PARLO (i-Fujisoft) ingenye yamarobhothi okuxhumana edume kakhulu atholakala eJapane.
I-PARO, i-robot ene-furry, efana ne-seal ehlelwe ukuthi iboshwe nomnikazi wayo futhi ikhiqize imizwelo enjengomuntu isetshenzisiwe njengethuluzi lokwelapha nabantu abane-autism kanye ne-dementia. Ucwaningo olwenziwe uMerel M. Jung kanye nabo osebenza nabo e-University of Twente, eNetherlands, lubonise ukuthi i-PARO yaba nethonya elihle empilweni yabantu abagulayo abane-dementia. Abahlinzeki bokunakekela abasebenzisa i-robot efana nesilwane babone ukuthi kungashukumisa kanjani ukuxhumana nokuphazamisa ukuziphatha okunzima. Kodwa-ke, kwaphawulwa ukuthi ama-robot wezilwane ngezinye izikhathi angaphindaphinda kakhulu abasebenzisi bawo futhi ayengakufaneleki iqembu elibanzi labantu abadala, isibonelo, abantu abanempilo basaphila ngokuzimela.
Ngo-2015, i-SoftBank iqalise ukuthengiswa kwe-Pepper-i-robot yokuqala yomhlaba efunda imizwelo futhi iphinda isekelwe ekuboniseni ubuso, amagama nokuzungezile. Isibonelo, uPepper uyajabula lapho ethola indumiso, futhi imizwelo yakhe ibonakala ngokubukeka ngesibonakaliso senhliziyo eshintsha imibala ehlukene esekelwe kumzwelo wayo.
Ingabe Ufuna I-Robot Yokukubuka?
Ama-robot ayanda ngokuzijabulisa. Noma kunjalo, lo mbuzo uhlala ukuthi ngabe ama-robot angakwazi yini ukubeka abantu abanakekeli. Futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, ungathanda yini umuntu ongewona umuntu ukuba akunake? Ukuphikisana okuhlukile kuye kwaphakanyiswa, isibonelo, ama-robot angase akhulise imizwa yokuphikisa, ukulahlekelwa ubumfihlo nokukhululeka komuntu siqu, nokunciphisa abantu asebekhulile. Ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile okushicilelwe kuyi- Journal of the American Medical Directors Association kusikisela ukuthi kusekhona ukungabi nobufakazi obusekela ukusebenza kwama robot ekunakekelweni kwezempilo. Futhi, imibono phakathi kwabantu asebekhulile ibonakala ihlukaniswe, futhi izilindelo nezimo zengqondo eziphathelene ne-robotics aziqondi kahle okwamanje. Kodwa-ke, uma kunciphisa amandla emkhakheni wezokunakekela impilo, singase sikwazi ukubonga futhi ukwamukela abasizi abenza umsebenzi wokunakekelwa kwethu ngokushesha.
> Imithombo
> Bemelmans R, Gelderblom GJ, uJonker P. AmaRobots Asekela Ngokwezenhlalakahle Ekunakekelweni Kwasebekhulile: Ukubuyekezwa Okuhlelekile Emithethweni nasempumelelo. I-Journal ye-American Medical Directors Association , 2012; 13 (2): 114-120.
> Broadbent E, Stafford R, Macdonald B. Ukwamukela amaRobhothi ezempilo kubantu basebekhulile: Izikhombandlela Zokubuyekeza kanye Nesikhathi Esizayo. I-International Journal of Social Robotics , 2009; 1: 319.
> Jung M, Van der Leij L, Kelders SM. Ukuhlola Izinzuzo ze-Robot Companion efana nezilwane nge-Advanced Advanced Touch Ukusebenzisana Amakhono Okunakekelwa Kwe-Dementia. Imingcele e-ICT , 2017
> I-Sharkey A, i-Sharkey N. Ugogo namarobhothi. Izinkinga zokuziphatha ekunakekelweni kwe-robot kwasebekhulile. I-Ethics and Information Technology, 2012; 14 (1): 27-40.