I-Cadaver-Yanikezwa I-Allograft Tissue Ihloliwe futhi isetshenziselwa Ukuphepha
Izicubu ezinikezwayo zisetshenziselwa izinqubo eziningi zemithi yamazinyo. Ngokuvamile, lezi zicubu zivela e-cadaver yomuntu oshonile owavuma ukuthi abe nezingxenye ezithile zomzimba wakhe onikezwe ngezidingo zezokwelapha. Lawa mathupha azinikeleyo abizwa ngokuthi ama-allograft tisses.
Ngemuva kokuthola nokugcoba izicubu ze-allograft, zithunyelwa esibhedlela ukuze zifakwe ngaphakathi.
Wonke umuntu, kokubili odokotela neziguli, ukhathazekile ukuthi lezi zicubu ze-allograft ziphephile.
Izingozi Ezivela Esikhathini Se-Cadaver Tissue Are Exceedingly Low
Siyazi ukuthi ithuba lokuthuthukisa ukutheleleka ngenxa yokudluliswa kwesifo kusuka ku-allograft elifakiwe liphansi kakhulu. Ngokusho kwamaCenter for Disease Control, kuye kwaba namacala angu-63 aqoshiwe wokudluliswa kwezifo ngenxa yokufakelwa kwe-allograft eminyakeni engama-10 kusukela maphakathi nawo-1990 kuya phakathi nawo-2000. Ngenxa yokuthi izimila ezibalelwa ku-1.5 million ze-allograft zenziwa minyaka yonke, kukhona cishe engozini ye-1 ku-120,000 ithuba lokutheleleka ngenxa yokudluliswa kwezifo.
Ingozi yokutheleleka nge-HIV ngenxa ye-allograft tissue transplant kuye kwacatshangwa ukuthi iyodwa kwesigidi. Lokhu akusho ukuthi ngeke kwenzeke, kodwa ingozi yezinye izinkinga ezinkulu ezivela ekuhlinzekeni cishe kunengozi yokudluliswa kwezifo.
Ubani Okudinga Izicubu Zomnikelo?
Izinqubo eziningi zokuhlinza ngamathambo zidinga ukuthi ingxenye ebuthakathaka yomzimba ivuselelwe kabusha ngokusebenzisa amathissi enempilo. Uma ungenayo izicubu ezitholakalayo, noma uma ungafuni ukuhlinzwa okudingekayo ukuze uthole izicubu ezidingekayo, ukhetho olulodwa ukusebenzisa izingxenye zomzimba ezinikelwe ezivela kumnikezeli we-cadaver.
Izicubu ezinikeziwe zihlanganisa ama-tendon, ligaments, bone, kanye ne-cartilage.
Izinqubo zokuhlinzwa ezingase zenziwe ngokusebenzisa izicubu zomnikelo zihlanganisa:
- Ukwakhiwa kwe-ACL
- i-cartilage transplants
- ukufakelwa kwe-meniscus
- fusion umgogodla
- ukulungiswa kwephutha
Ukufakelwa kwe-Allograft yokuhlinzwa kwamathambo sekuye kwavame kakhulu, cishe izinqubo eziyi-1.5 million ze-allograft zenziwa minyaka yonke e-United States.
Yeka ukuthi izicubu ezithintekayo zitholakala kanjani futhi zivivinywa ukuphepha
Ukudluliswa kwesifo kungase kubangele isifo esinikezwa ngumnikeli emzimbeni wakhe, noma ukungcola kwezicubu ngesikhathi sokucubungula. Imizamo yenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umhlinzeki wayengenaso isifo esithathelwanayo nokuthi amathissi azinikelwe ayenziwa ngendlela enciphisa ithuba lokungcola.
Uma izicubu ezixhasayo ziqoqwa ukuze kube nokufakelwa okukhona, ukuhlolwa okuphawulekayo kwenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwalezi zicubu. Uma kunikezwa umhlinzeki ongenakwenzeka, ukuhlolwa komhlinzeki kwenziwa ukucacisa imbangela yokufa, okungenzeka kube nezingozi eziphezulu ezingase zenze ukuthi izicubu zinikelo zingaphephile (isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, njll), nomlando wezokwelapha . Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwenziwa ukuze kuhlolwe ukutheleleka. Ngokuqondile, abaxhasi bahlolwa nge- HIV , i- hepatitis B & C , i-encephalopathies e-spongiform eguquguqukayo (isibonelo, "isifo sofuba senkomo") kanye nezinye izifo.
Izicubu ze-Allograft ezizimisele ukulungele ukufakelwa zicutshungulwa ezindaweni ezihlanzekile. Bathola ukuhlolwa kwesibindi ngesikhathi kutholakala izicubu, ngenkathi kusetshenzwa, futhi ngaphambi kokukhululwa kwendawo yokucubungula. Isigaba sokucubungula se-allograft izicubu zokulungiselela kufaka phakathi inzalo yezicubu.
Indlela i-Allograft Tissue isetshenziswa ngayo izinqubo ze-Orthopedic
Lapho izicubu zisetshenziselwa izinqubo zamathambo, izingxenye zeselula zamathambo (kufaka phakathi amaseli egazi) zisuswe ukuvimbela ithuba lokulahlwa kwezicubu. Phakathi nalokhu kusetshenzwa, inzalo iyabonakala futhi.
Ukwenziwa komchamo akufanele kube nzima kakhulu ukwehlisa izicubu, kepha kunele ukuvimbela ukungcoliswa kwamagciwane noma ama-viral.
Izishukela ezilungiselelwe ziyathunyelwa ezibhedlela ukuze zifakwe ngaphakathi. Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokugcina izicubu, kodwa iningi liqhwa ngo -80 degrees centigrade. Izicubu zinosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi ngokuya ngohlobo lwezincubu kanye nohlobo lokugcina.
Imibuzo Yokubuza Udokotela Wakho Mayelana ne-Allograft
Udokotela wakho kufanele azi kahle ukuthi izicubu zivelaphi ; lesi sincomo senziwe yi-American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons.
Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yiliphi ibhange le-tissue elinikeza ukufakelwa, futhi kungani leli bhange lezinyamazane likhethiwe. Akuwona wonke ama-tissue amabhange adalwe alinganayo, kanti amanye anemigomo yokuhlola okunamandla lapho ekhetha ukuthi yiziphi abanikeli abafanelekayo ukusatshalaliswa kwabo. Uma udokotela wakho engazi ukuthi i-graft yakho ivelaphi, angeke azi ukuthi indlela eqondile esetshenziselwa ukukhetha ukufakelwa kwayo ibe yinkimbinkimbi kangakanani.
Kube khona imibiko ezindabeni zamabhanki ezicubu ezincibilikisa izicubu noma ekutholeni izicubu ezingafanele. Udokotela wakho kufanele ahlole ama-tissue banks ukuze aqiniseke ukuthi ama-graft ahlinzekwa angamaphesenti aphezulu nokuphepha okuphelele . Ezinye amabhange ezinama-tissue anamawebhusayithi eziguli ukuze afunde kabanzi mayelana namasu abo okuthola nokulungisa izicubu. Udokotela wakho angakunikeza ngolwazi mayelana nokuthi i-graft yakho ivelaphi.
Imithombo:
"Izifo Zama-Allograft-Ezihlobene Nezibhedlela - I-United States, i-2002" Izikhungo Zokulawula Izifo. Mashi 15, 2002/51 (10); 207-210.
I-Gocke, D "Ukukhethwa Kwama-Tissue Donor ne-Safety" I-Orthop Clin: June 2005; I-Vol 435, iphesi 17-21