Ukungabaza kuqhubeka ngisho nalapho ubungozi buba khona
Naphezu kokuqwashiswa komphakathi mayelana ne- HIV , kusekhona ukudideka okuningi mayelana nokuthi ungagula kanjani nokuthi ungakwazi kanjani.
Njengoba singathanda ukucabanga, isibonelo, ukuthi abantu bayaqonda ukuthi awukwazi ukuthola i-HIV emithini, kukhona abaningi abazobhekana nesibindi sokulindela uma bezwa ukuthi, bathi, umculi wesitolo sokudlela abathandayo I-HIV.
I-HIV inendlela yokuvuselela izinkathazo ngisho nakakhulu kithi futhi, kanye nayo, umqondo wethu wokucabanga. Ukukhulula lezo zinkathazo ngokuvamile kudinga ukuba senze okungaphezu nje kokubeka imithetho. Esikhundleni salokho, kudingeka siqonde ukuthi yiziphi izimo ezidingekayo ukuze isifo sithatheke nokuthi kungani izinto ezinjengokumbamba, ukuthinta, ukukhipha, noma ukumanga nje aziwanelisi lezo zimiso.
4 Izimo Ezidingekayo Ukudlulisela i-HIV
Njengengculaza enkulu, i-virus ngokwayo akuyona yonke into enamandla. Abanye, njengemfuluwenza namagciwane abandayo, banamandla kakhulu futhi bangadluliselwa kusuka kumuntu oyedwa kuya kwesinye ngokulandela ukukhipha.
I-HIV ayikwazi. Esikhundleni salokho, kunezimo ezine okumelwe zenzeke ukuze ukutheleleka kwenzeke:
- Kumele kube khona ukushisa komzimba lapho i-HIV ingaba khona. Nge-HIV, lokhu kusho umuthi, igazi, uketshezi lwesisu noma ubisi lwebele. I-HIV ayikwazi ukuhlala isikhathi eside emoyeni ovulekile noma ezingxenyeni zomzimba lapho okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-acid (njengesisu noma isisu).
- Kumele kube khona indlela umzimba ophuma ngayo emzimbeni. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokuyinhloko ngokuxhumana kocansi kodwa futhi kungasakazeka ngezinaliti ezabelwana ngazo , ukuvezwa kwegazi ngengozi emasethweni okunakekelwa kwezempilo , noma ukudluliselwa kwegciwane kusuka kumama kuya kwengane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa .
- Igciwane kumele lifinyelele amaseli kanye nezincubu ezisengozini ngaphakathi komzimba. Akwanele ukuthi umthamo womzimba uhlangane nesikhumba. Kudingeka ukuthi ufake i-bloodstream ngekhefu esikhunjeni noma ungene emathisini asemasimini asengozini we-vaginal or rectum. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amathuba okutheleleka ahambisana ngqo nokujula nobukhulu bokungena. Ukusika noma ukulimala okujulile, isibonelo, kunikeza indlela yokudlulisela phambili kunokuba i-scuff encane noma i-scrape.
- Kumele kube nesilinganiso esanele segciwane emzimbeni womzimba. Yingakho ama-saliva, ukukhukhuma, nezinyembezi yizinto ezingenakwenzeka zokutheleleka kusukela ama-enzyme kulawa manzi aphuza i-HIV kanye nesakhiwo salo.
Yeka ukuthi i-HIV ayikwazi kanjani ukusakaza
Kusukela kokubili ubufakazi obuphilayo ne-epidemiological, i-HIV ayikwazi futhi ingakaze iboniswe ukuthi idluliselwe komuntu oyedwa kuya kwesinye ngalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:
- Ukuthinta, ukukhawula, ukumanga noma ukuxhaphaza izandla
- Ukuthinta into enomuntu one-HIV ethinte
- Ukwabelana ngemishini noma izinkomishi
- Ukudla ukudla okulungiselelwe umuntu one-HIV
- Ukukwabelana ngezinto zokuhlanza, ngisho nama-brush or rasors
- Ukubhekwa ngumuntu onesandulela ngculazi (ngisho emehlweni noma emlonyeni)
- Ukulunywa ngumuntu onesandulela ngculazi (ngisho noma igazi lidonsa)
- Ukuthinta isilwane noma uketshezi lwesisu
- Ukuthola igazi kumuntu ongu-HIV kuwe
- Ukusebenzisa imithombo yomphakathi, izihlalo zangasese, noma imvula
Kuze kube manje, akuzange kube khona icala elilodwa elilotshiwe lokudluliselwa nganoma iyiphi yalezi zindlela.
Okufanele Ukwenze Uma Ungaqiniseki
Ama-hotlines ase-HIV asetshenziselwa ukuthola izingcingo ezivela kubantu abesaba ukuthi banesifo ngenxa yokuxhumana okungajwayelekile. Mhlawumbe lo muntu wayebandakanyekile empini noma wahlangana nomuntu ophuma egazini. Abanye bangase bakhathazeke ngokuthi banomuntu obanga kakhulu ongase angenayo i-HIV noma angenayo i-HIV.
Nakuba amathuba okutheleleka kulezi zimo zingacatshangwa ukuthi awunaki, abantu bavame ukufuna isiqinisekiso sokuthi bazohamba kahle; akukho okuncane okuzokwanela. Uma kunjalo, odokotela bavame ukuthatha ithuba lokuhlola i-HIV futhi benze ukululekwa kwangaphambi kokuhlolwa kwesandulela ngculaza ukuze baqonde kangcono lokho umuntu okwaziyo nge-HIV futhi baphendule noma yikuphi imibuzo angaba nayo.
Uma kunengozi yokudluliselwa kwangempela, noma ngabe yincane kangakanani, udokotela angase akhethe ukunikeza imithi yezinsuku ezingama-28 zemithi ye-HIV eyaziwa ngokuthi i- post-exposure prophylaxis (i-PEP) engayigwema ukutheleleka uma ukwelashwa kuqalwa kungakapheli amahora angu-72 okutholakala okusola .
Ezimweni lapho ukwesaba komuntu kubonakala kuyingozi futhi kungenangqondo, ukululekwa kungase kudingeke ukuze kulungiswe ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi i- AIDS phobia noma ezinye izinkinga zokukhathazeka.
> Imithombo:
> Hughes, A. no-Alford, K. "Ukudluliswa kwe-HIV: Izinkolelo mayelana nokuxhumana okungajwayelekile futhi ukwesaba mayelana nezinqubo zokwelashwa eziqhubekayo phakathi kwabantu abadala." Ukuphulukiswa kwe-J Soc Work Pub. 2017: 32 (1): DOI 10.1080 / 19371918.2016.1188743.
> I-US Preventive Services Task Force. "Ukuhlolwa kwesandulela ngculazi: Isitatimende Sokuncoma Sezinsizakalo Zezinsizakalo Ze-US Preventive Services." I-Rockville, e-Maryland; April 2013