Izifundo zokulala zikhomba Amaphethini ahlukene asekelwe ku-Brain Wave ku-EEG
Ukuze uqonde ukusebenza kokulala okuvamile nokuthi kanjani ukuhlukana okuhlukahlukene kokulala kwenzeka, kubalulekile ukuba uqondisise izinto eziyisisekelo zokulala. Isibonelo, ngumuphi umehluko phakathi kokulala okungewona kwe-REM nokulala kwe-REM?
Yisiphi isigaba sokulala esijulile? Umzimba ubuyiselwa nini noma imemori iqhutshwe? Iphi amaphupho acacile nini? Thola izimpendulo kule mibuzo evamile.
Izigaba ezahlukene zokulala zihlukile, futhi zingabonakala ngokusebenzisa ukusetshenziswa kwe- EEG encane. I-EEG, eyenziwa ngesikhathi sokufunda okujwayelekile (i- polysomnogram ), ingumlinganiso wamaphethini okuqhutshwa kobuchopho obuqhubekayo, noma umsebenzi kagesi wengqondo. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokubeka ama-electrode akukho scalp enobumbano owenzayo osiza ukusiza ukutholakala kwamaphethini kagesi.
Umsebenzi oqoshiwe ungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili eziyisisekelo - ukunyakaza okungekho okusheshayo (NREM) nokulala kwe-eye ngokushesha (REM) ukulala.
I-electrooculogram, noma i-EOG, yenza umsebenzi wombane ohlotshaniswa nokunyakaza kweso ngesikhathi sokulala. Ingakwazi ukuqapha ukunyakaza kwe-eyeball phakathi kokulala kwe-REM nokungena-REM.
Yini i-NREM yokulala?
Ukulala kwe-Eye fast (NREM), noma ukulala okungezona kwe-REM, kuqukethe izinyathelo ezintathu (N1, N2, no-N3), futhi ngayinye inamaphethini okubuka amagagasi omboni. I-NREM yenza ingxenye enkulu kunazo zonke zomjikelezo wokulala.
I-NREM ibonakala ngokunciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi kuya ebuchosheni nasemisipha yamathambo. Kukhona nesilinganiso senhliziyo esinciphile, umfutho wegazi kanye nomoya womoya ohamba ngaphakathi naphuma emaphashini.
- Isigaba 1 (N1) sihilela ukunyakaza kwe-slow rolling kanye nokuphumula okuyingxenye yemisipha yokuzithandela. Yisiteji esilula kakhulu sokulala futhi ngokuvamile sichazwa ngokuthi ukuvuswa ngumuntu olele.
- Isigaba sesi-2 (i-N2) sibonisa amaphethini abalingiswa ku- EEG , kufaka phakathi i-complex complex ne-sleeping spindles. I-complex K iyinhlangano ephakeme yama-amplitude, okusho ukuthi lide futhi libanzi. Izimpande zokulala zivame ukuhlukaniswa kwamagagasi amakhulu, okusho ukuthi azizona zide futhi zivele ngokushesha esikhathini esifushane. Lezi ziyabonwa ngezifundo zokulala zabantu abaqeqeshwe futhi zisetshenziselwa ukukhomba izigaba zokulala. Isigaba sesi-2 senza cishe amaphesenti angu-50 okulala kwethu ngokulinganayo.
- Isigaba sesi-3 (N3) sibonisa umsebenzi ophezulu we-amplitude oqukethe amagagasi amakhulu namagagasi e- EEG futhi ubhekwa njengezijulile zezintathu zokulala ze-NREM. Lesi yisigaba lapho kukhululwa khona i-hormone yokukhula, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni. Kubalulekile ukubuyiswa kwezicubu zomzimba. Kunzima kakhulu ukumvusa umuntu, futhi kuvame ukuvela engxenyeni yokuqala yesithathu yobusuku.
Yini i-REM yokulala?
Ukunyakaza kwamehlo okusheshayo (REM) kwenzeka izikhathi eziningana ngesikhathi sokulala, kodwa kubandakanya ingxenye encane kakhulu yokujikeleza kwakho kokulala. Kuyaphawuleka ngokuba khona kweminyango ye-eye esheshayo (REM), okuyinto ukunyakaza okusheshayo kwamehlo akho ngezindlela ezahlukene ngenkathi ulele. Lesi yisiteji sokulala nokusebenza okujulile ezingxenyeni ezithile zobuchopho.
Ukuqoshwa kwe-EEG, okunye okwenziwe ngezigaba zangaphambili, kuba yizintambo ngesikhathi se-REM futhi kubonakala sengathi kufana nokuvuka.
Lesi yisiteji sokulala lapho kuphupha ngokucacile, njenge-movie ehamba engqondweni yakho. Kubonakala kubalulekile ukucubungula nokukhumbula imemori.
Ngaphandle kwemisipha yakho ye-eye ne-diaphragm, awunawo umsebenzi we-motor ngesikhathi se-REM. Ukulahleka kwezwi lakho ngesikhathi sokulala kwe-REM kungalondoloza amandla futhi kukuvikele ekusebenzeni amaphupho akho. Kungase kube yingozi nakakhulu yokugula i- apnea yokulala kubantu abathintekayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-REM iholela ekushintsheni kwegazi, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kanye nesilinganiso sokuphefumula.
Ukugeleza kwegazi kukwenyuka ebuchosheni, kanye ne-penis ne-clitoris, okuholela ekungeneni kwegazi. Lokhu kuyimbangela yezikhathi zokusasa ekuseni emadodeni.
Ukuhlukanisa Ukulala Emaphethini Ukusebenzisa i-Hypnogram
Ukulala ngezakhiwo kubonisa ukulala kwakho futhi ngokuvamile kubhekwa iphethini elithile lezinyathelo zokulala ezahlukene ze-NREM ne-REM.
Ngokuvamile, kunemijikelezo emine kuya kweyisithupha yokulala kwe-NREM ubusuku bonke, okulandelwa izikhathi ezimbalwa zokulala kwe-REM. Umjikelezo ngamunye uhlala cishe amaminithi angu-90. Njengoba ubusuku buqhubeka, izikhathi ze-NREM ziba mfushane futhi izikhathi ze-REM ziba isikhathi eside. Umphakathi omdala uzochitha cishe amaphesenti angaba ngu-20 kuya kwangu-25 ebusuku ebuthongweni be-REM, kodwa lokhu kungancipha njengoba sikhula. Iningi lokulala kwe-REM livela okwesithathu kokugcina, ebusuku.
Umthombo:
Mowzoon, N et al . "I-Neurology Yezinkinga Zokulala." Ukubukezwa kweBhodi ye-Neurology: Umhlahlandlela odwetshiwe. 2007; 720-722.