I-glaucoma Ingumphumela Ongapheli WasePrednisone
I-Prednisone iyisidakamizwa esivame ukusetshenziswa ukuphatha isifo sofuba esiswini (IBD) nezinye izimo ezizenzakalelayo . Ngenkathi i-prednisone ingase iphumelele, ibuye i-steroid, futhi lokho kusho ukuthi kuhambisana nemiphumela emibi . Imiphumela emibi eminingi ye- prednisone izokwehlisa lapho umthamo wehla, kodwa imiphumela ethile embi ingaba unomphela, kuhlanganise ne-glaucoma.
Amanani aphezulu noma ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwe-prednisone kungabangela i-glaucoma, isifo esibi kakhulu. I-glaucoma ingase ingabi buhlungu, kodwa ingaholela ekulahlekelweni kombono noma ngokuyimpumputhe. Lokhu kuyesabisa ukucabanga ngakho, ikakhulukazi ngoba abantu abaningi abane-IBD belashwe nge-prednisone, kodwa ukuhlolwa kwe-glaucoma kuyashesha futhi akubuhlungu . Kudingeka kwenziwe okungenani ngonyaka ngonyaka kunoma ubani onesi-IBD, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebudala kangakanani, kanye nokuhlolwa okuyihlo okuphelele. Uma udokotela wakho wezilanga engenzi uhlolo lwe-glaucoma, qiniseka ukuthi ubuze eyodwa, noma ngabe iphoqa ukuthi usemncane kakhulu ukuba ube ne-glaucoma. Abantu abasebenzisa i-prednisone kufanele futhi batshele odokotela babo uma ngabe amalungu omndeni anomlando we-glaucoma.
Sibutsetelo
I-glaucoma yikwakhiwa kwengcindezi yomswakama, okuthiwa ingcindezi ye-intraocular, ngaphakathi kweso. Lokhu kwanda kwengcindezi kungalimaza inzwa ye-optic. I-nertic optic iyisisindo esibucayi ngemuva kweso elenziwe ngamafayibha enesibindi ahlanganisa i-retina ebuchosheni.
I-nertic optic ibalulekile embonweni, njengoba idlulisela izithombe ebuchosheni.
I-glaucoma itholakala ngemuva kokulimala kwenzalo ye-optic. Ukucindezela okukhulu kwe-intraocular kungenza imbono ibe yimbi futhi ekugcineni iholele ekumpumputhe eminyakeni embalwa. Abanye abantu bangase bakhulise ukucindezeleka kweso, kodwa akukho monakalo ku-nerticoma, futhi angeke bahlakulele i-glaucoma.
Noma kunjalo, ukucindezelwa okukhulu kwe-intraocular kubonisa ingozi eyengeziwe yokuthuthukisa i-glaucoma.
Izinhlobo
Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-glaucoma, kufaka phakathi okuyisithupha (ukuphikisana kwesinye isimo noma ngemithi ethile efana ne-prednisone), i-angle-open, i-angle-closing, ukuzalwa kwangasese (okwamanje ekuzalweni) kanye nokuphazamiseka okuphansi noma ukuvuthwa okuvamile (okuhlotshaniswa neliso elivamile ukucindezela).
- I-glaucoma evulekile . Lena yindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu ye-glaucoma futhi ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi i-wide-angle glaucoma. Kule fomu lesi sifo, ukugeleza kweso lomswakama ngokusebenzisa i-drain eye (kwenzeka ematheni) kwenzeka kancane kakhulu. Uketshezi luyakha ngaphakathi kweso, ukucindezela okwandayo.
- I-glaucoma yesibili. Lolu hlobo lwe-glaucoma aluvamile kakhulu kune-open-angle kubantu abaningi, kodwa luvame kakhulu kubantu abane-IBD abathatha ama-prednisone noma amanye ama-corticosteroids. Kungase futhi kwenzeke njengenkinga yesinye isimo ezifana nokuhlinza, izidakamizwa ezithuthukile, izicubu zamehlo, u- uveitis noma isifo sikashukela. I-glaucoma yesibili ingaba yindlela evulekile-angle noma i-angle-closure.
- I-glaucoma ye-Angle-closure . Kulolu hlobo lwe-glaucoma, ingxenye ye-iris ivimbela uketshezi kusukela ekushiyeni iso ngokusebenzisa imifino ekhanda. I-flux ikhiqiza ngokuzumayo, eyenza ukwanda okungazelelwe kokucindezela kwamehlo, ubuhlungu obukhulu nesicashu, umbono obonakalayo nokubomvu kweso. Uma kungelashwa ngokushesha, ubumpumputhe bungaba khona ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
In-Risk Demographic
Abantu abasengozini enkulu ye-glaucoma bafaka:
- Abantu bathatha i-corticosteroids
- Ama-Afrika aseMelika asebekhulile kuneminyaka engama-40
- Abantu abadala kuneminyaka engama-60, ikakhulukazi ama-Hispanics
- Abantu abanomlando womndeni we-glaucoma
- Abantu abanombono ompofu, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo senhliziyo, isisindo somzimba we-retinal, izicubu zamehlo nesifo sokubheka njenge- uveitis engapheli ne-iritis
Izimpawu
Ezimweni eziningi, i-glaucoma ingaba khona ngaphandle kwempawu. Ngesikhathi izimpawu ezinjengokulahleka kombono noma umbono ohlangene kwenzeka, lesi sifo sesivele sithuthukile kakhulu. Ukuhlola iso ngalinye kuya eminyakeni emibili kungasiza ekutholeni i-glaucoma ekuqaleni.
Labo abathwala i- corticosteroids kumele bakhulume nomhlinzeki wabo wezempilo mayelana nokuthi bangakanani ukuhlolwa kweso.
Ukuxilongwa
I-glaucoma itholakala ngezivivinyo ezimbili ezilula futhi ezingenabuhlungu. Isivivinyo sokuqala siyancipha. Udokotela ubeka amaconsi emehlweni ahlanza abafundi. Lapho abafundi bekhulu, udokotela angasebenzisa ukukhanya ukuze abone i-retina ngemuva kweso futhi afune izimpawu ze-glaucoma noma ezinye izifo. Uma amehlo ehlanjululwa, umbono ubonakele. Abanye odokotela bamehlo bangasebenzisa amasu amasha, njengemifanekiso yokubuyisela kabusha, ethatha isithombe esisezingeni eliphezulu esweni ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuhlanza.
Isivivinyo sesibili yi-tonometry. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-tonometry kokuqala (i-pneumotonometry), umshini "uyagubha" i-cornea ne-puff yomoya encane ehlotsheni. Uma lokhu kuhlolwa kubonisa noma yikuphi ukungafani nezinye izinhlobo zemibuzo yokuhlolwa kwe-tonometry zingenziwa.
Ukwelapha
Amaconsi ejoka asetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ivolumu yetshezi esweni noma ukwandisa ukugeleza kokuphuma kweso. Lawa manzi kufanele asetshenziswe izikhathi eziningana ngosuku kanti nemiphumela emibi ihlanganisa ikhanda, ukugcoba, ukuvutha nokubomvu.
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Laser kungasetshenziswa ukususa ukuvinjelwa noma ukwandisa ukuphuma kwe-fluid esweni. Ku-trabeculoplasty, ukukhishwa kwesikhumba kukhishwa; ku-iridotomy, ukuphuma kukhuliswa ngokwenza imbobo e-iris; futhi nge-cyclophotocoagulation, iso liphathwa ukuze kuncishiswe ukukhiqizwa oketshezi. Imiphumela emibi evela ekuhlinzeni i-laser ingafaka ukuvuvukala. Inqubo ingadinga ukuthi iphindwe.
Ku-microsurgery, ukuvulwa kudalwe iso ukuze kusize ngokweqile ukukhipha amanzi. Le ukwelashwa kuvame ukusetshenziswa kuphela emva kokunye ukuphulukiswa kwemithi. Imiphumela emibi ingafaka ukuvuvukala, izinkinga ze-cataract ne-cornea.
Imithombo:
Huscher D, Thiele K, Gromnica-Ihle E, et al. "Amaphethini ahlobene ne-Dose we-side effects of glucocorticoid." Ann Rheum Dis 2009 Jul; 68: 1119-1124. 25 Jan 2016.
I-National Eye Institute. "Amaqiniso Nge-Glaucoma." Izikhungo zezempilo zikazwelonke 2011. 25 Jan 2016.
Rutgeerts PJ. "Isihloko sokubukeza: ukulinganiselwa kokwelashwa kwe-corticosteroid esesifo sikaCrohn." Ukudla Pharmacol Ther 2001 Oct; 15: 1515-1525. 25 Jan 2016.