Ukugcinwa kwengqondo kungumqondo wokwakha amakhono angeziwe ukuze kutholakale ukuthi kungenzeka ukunciphisa inkumbulo noma ukucabanga. Cabanga nje ngokuthi ukuqeqeshwa ngokweqile ukugijima umncintiswano. Umncintiswano ngokwawo ungaba umjaho wamakhilomitha angu-10, kodwa ungase usebenzise ngokusebenza amakhilomitha angu-12 ukuze wakhe ukukhuthazela namandla akho. Ngendlela efanayo, ungakha ukwakheka kwakho kwengqondo ngokugcina ubuchopho bakho busebenza ngokuzivocavoca kwengqondo, ukuxhumana komphakathi, kanye neminye imisebenzi evuselela ubuchopho efana nokuqeqeshwa kwengqondo.
I-Passive (Brain) ne-Active (Ingqondo)
Ngo-2009, u-Yaakov Stern wachaza ucwaningo lwakhe mayelana nokugcinwa kwengqondo futhi wagcizelela uhlobo oluhlukene lokugcinwa kwengqondo: okungahambi kahle futhi okusebenzayo.
Isitoreji esincane (esibizwa nangokuthi ukugcinwa kobuchopho) sachazwa ngokuthi ubukhulu bomzimba bobuchopho nenombolo ye-neurons ebuchosheni. Olunye ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi ubuchopho obukhulu buhambisana nokuncipha okuncane kokuqonda. Igama elithi passive lisetshenzisiwe ngoba asikwazi ukushintsha ngobukhulu ubuchopho bethu.
Ukugcinwa okusebenzayo (ukugcinwa kwengqondo) kucatshangwa ukuthi ikhono lobuchopho bethu ukubhekana nomonakalo ngokusebenzisa isinxephezelo noma izinqubo ezahlukene zobuchopho ukugcina ikhono lokusebenza kahle. Ukugcinwa kwengqondo (okusebenzayo) kubonakala kuthintwa yizinga lomsebenzi wengqondo esikhetha ukuhlanganyela kulo, okwenza icala lokugcina ingqondo ekhuthele, enempilo.
Ingabe i-Cognitive Reserve ivimbela i- Alzheimer's?
Ngalesi sikhathi, asinayo ucwaningo olubonisa ngokucacile ukuthi indawo yokugcina ingqondo ivimbela i-Alzheimer ukuthi ingathuthuki.
Lokho esikwaziyo, noma kunjalo, leyo ndawo yokubona ingqondo ibonakala ihlotshaniswa nokulibala izimpawu ze-Alzheimer's. Isibonelo, kuye kwenziwa ucwaningo olwenziwe ukubambezeleka kwezimpawu ze-Alzheimer kulabo ababengamazilimi ezimbili, naphezu kokuthi ubuchopho babo babonisa ubufakazi obubonakalayo obubonakalayo bokuwohloka.
Ucwaningo olwengeziwe olwakhulunywa ngu-Yaakov Stern luye lwabonisa ukuthi abantu abanobuchopho babo obonisa ukuthi i-Alzheimer's pathology ephakeme (okungukuthi, ama-tangles kanye nama- plaque ) ayehluka kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwabo. Labo abanamazinga aphezulu emfundo kanye nokuqonda okukhulu bakwazi ukukhokhela kangcono umonakalo wengqondo owabangelwa i-Alzheimer's.
Ngokusho kukaStern, "... zonke ezinye izinto ezilingana nalesi sifo kufanele zivele kamuva kubantu abane-CR ephezulu (ukugcinwa kwengqondo). Lokhu kuholela ekubikezelweni ukuthi izinga lomqondo wengozi kufanele libe ngaphansi kwabantu abanezinqolobane eziphakeme ezingqondweni."
Ingabe i-Reserve Cognitive ivuselela ukuqhubekela phambili kwe-Alzheimer's?
Ngokuthakazelisayo, olunye ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi abantu abanomthamo omkhulu wokugcina ingqondo babonakala behla ngokushesha uma bethola ukuthi bane-Alzheimer's.
Nakuba okokuqala kubonakala kuyamangalisa, i-Stern igcizelela ukuthi ngoba kuthatha isikhathi eside umuntu onokuqapha okuphawulekayo ukubonisa ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, inqubo yesifo yangempela ihamba phambili. Uma izimpawu zikhula, ukwehla kubonakala sengathi kuhamba ngokushesha ngoba ubuchopho kungenzeka bufinyelele iphuzu lapho lungakwazi khona ukukhokhela khona umonakalo futhi ngaleyo ndlela ukukhubazeka kubonakala kalula.
Kodwa-ke, lowo muntu kungenzeka ukuthi wajabulela isikhathi eside kakhulu sokuphila kwakhe ngaphandle kwezimpawu ze-Alzheimer ngenxa yokugcinwa kwakhe kwengqondo.
Imithombo:
I-Neurology NgoJulayi 13, 2010 75: 137-142. I-head cirference, i-atrophy, nokuqonda: Imiphumela yokuphefumula kobuchopho ku-Alzheimer's disease.
Stern, Yaakov. Indawo yokuCognitive. I-Neuropsychologia. 2009 Agasti; 47 (10): 2015-2028.