Ukuqomisana kwe-intanethi, ukulala nomzimba okungavimbelwe kanye nezifo zobulili
AbaseMelika basebenzisa amasayithi okuphola oku-intanethi nezinhlelo zokusebenza ngaphezu kwanoma yiliphi elinye iqembu labantu. Kunezintoni zezingosi zokuphola ku-intanethi nezinhlelo zokusebenza ngaphandle, kufaka phakathi iMatch.com, eHarmony, Tinder, no-Adam4Adam. Isayithi ngalinye lokuthandana lithatha izifiso ezahlukene. Isibonelo, i-eHarmony iyazibandakanya ekusekeleni ukuxhumana kwesikhathi eside phakathi kwabasebenzisi; kanti, i-Tinder idume kakhulu nge-hook-up evamile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-Adam4Adam uyisayithi lokuthandana gay online.
Abantu abaningi bajabulela ukuhlangana nabanye ku-intanethi, futhi ukuphola okuthandana nabo kuhlanganisa abantu okungenzeka bangakaze bahlangane. Kukhona izindaba ezingenakubalwa zabantu abahlangana nomlingani ozayo noma okunye okuphawulekayo kumasayithi okuphola oku-intanethi.
Noma kunjalo, kukhona uhlangothi olumnyama lokuthandana kwe-Inthanethi: Ochwepheshe abaningi bakhathazeka ngezingozi ezikhulayo zokuthuthukisa isifo socansi (ama-STI) ahlobene nokuhlangana kwe-online-up. Lezi zikhathazo zikhulunywa ngokukhethekile phakathi kwamadoda anesandulela ngculazi engavikelekile namanye amadoda angewona abalingani bokuqala-ukuziphatha okubizwa ngokuthi "ukungabuyiselwa emuva." Eqinisweni, ochwepheshe bahlanganisa ukukhula kwamuva ku-gonorrhea, i-chlamydia ne-syphilis kuze kube sekubuyiseleni kokungaboni kahle. A
Izingosi Zokuthandana Nge-Inthanethi Zisebenza Kanjani?
Abasebenzisi kuqala bahlela iphrofayela yomuntu siqu kwisayithi lokuphola online. Iphrofayela ye-inthanethi ingaba nalokhu okulandelayo:
- imininingwane ye-sociodemographic
- ukuthandwa komuntu siqu
- ukungathandwa kwabanye
- izithakazelo
- izinhlobo zabalingani abafisa
- izinhlobo zobuhlobo obufunayo
- ubulili
- ukuthandwa kocansi nokungazithandi
Ngemva kokufunda iphrofayela, abasebenzisi bangabonisa isithakazelo komunye nomunye-isibonelo, umsebenzisi angakwazi "swayipha ngakwesokudla" ku-Tinder noma "wink" ku-Match.com. Uma isithakazelo sithandana, abasebenzisi bangakwazi ukuhambisa umlayezo ngomunye nomunye ngokusebenzisa i-platform yokuthandana ku-intanethi futhi noma baqhubeke nobuhlobo be-intanethi noma bahlangane ezweni langempela.
Izinhlamvu zomsebenzisi
Ochwepheshe bezempilo bomphakathi kanye nabahlengikazi ngokufanayo bakhathazeke ngokukhethekile ngocansi olungalondekile kanye nokudluliselwa kwe-STI kubantu abasebenzisa amasayithi okuphola nge-inthanethi nezinhlelo zokusebenza zobulili kuphela. Sicela wazi ukuthi labachwepheshe abathinteki kakhulu ngabantu abasebenzisa lolo buchwepheshe ukuseka ubudlelwane obude besikhathi eside.
I-intanethi ingaba yindlela esheshayo futhi ephumelelayo yokuhlangana. Ukucwaninga kwangaphambili kusinika isithombe esihle esivela kubantu abasebenzisa amasayithi okuphola nge-intanethi wezocansi eziqondile. Laba abasebenzisi bavame ukuba amadoda angama-gay abakhetha ubulili obuncane nabomlomo. Futhi banesithakazelo esikhulu sokusebenzisana nabo ngokobulili kunabantu abangasebenzisi i-Inthanethi ukufuna ucansi. Ngokuthakazelisayo, iningi labantu abasebenzisa i-inthanethi ngocansi kubonakala sengathi basebenzisa amakhondomu; Kodwa-ke, inamba enkulu ayifuni, yilapho ukukhathazeka kuvela khona.
Inothi, abesifazane abasebenzisa amasayithi okuphola nge-intanethi ukusetha izixhumanisi zocansi bavame ukuba mhlophe futhi bakhulile. Bangase basebenzise amakhondomu futhi bahlolisise njalo ama-STIs.
Ukuthola okuseshweni
Ukuthola okuvela ezifundweni ezixhumanisa amasayithi okuthandana kwe-inthanethi nama-STIs ahlanganisiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nakuba le nkinga ivame ukukhathazeka kakhulu phakathi kwabaningi, kusadingeka ucwaningo oluningi ngalesi sihloko.
Umbuzo owodwa omkhulu ngokuphathelene nomhlangano wukuthi ngabe abantu abavame ukukhetha ucansi olungavimbelwe-ikakhulukazi, ukulalana okungavikelekile noma ukubuyela emuva-sebenzisa i-intanethi ukufeza lesi sifiso noma ngabe amasayithi okuthandana nge-Inthanethi ngokwabo ngandlela-thile akhuthaza lo mkhuba.
Esihlokweni sokubuyekezwa ka-2008 esibizwa ngokuthi "Abantu Abalala Ngesilisa Nokuthola Abakwa-Bareback Sex Partner kwi-intanethi: Imiphumela ye-STI kanye nokuvimbela i-HIV kanye ne-Client Education", umlobi uChristopher W. Blackwell ukhombisa ukuthi amadoda alala namadoda avame ukusebenzisa i-Intanethi ukuze ufune kalula abalingani bokungaboni kahle. Okumangalisa ukuthi iningi lala madoda likhuthaza imikhuba yobulili ephephile kumaphrofayela abo.
Umlobi uyaqhubeka ukukhombisa ukuthi enye indlela yokudambisa ukuhlangana okunjalo ukufaka isiqondiso sempilo yokuvimbela esiteshini sesayithi lokuphola inthanethi. Ukungenelela okunjalo kungathatha uhlobo lokufinyelela, ukuxoxa, izikhangisi ze-banner nokudala izingosi zokufundisa ezihambisanayo.
Imiphumela evela ocwaningweni olukhulu lwesiDashi eyanyatheliswa ngo-2016 isho ukuthi phakathi kwamadoda alala nabesilisa, akukho ukuhlangana okuvamile phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwamasayithi okuthandana kwe-intanethi kanye nobulili obungavinjelwe. Inothi, abahlanganyeli ocwaningweni baboshwa emtholampilo we-STI e-Amsterdam.
Kulolu cwaningo lwesiDashi, abacwaningi bathola ngokuqondile ukuthi ukungabi nabambiswano kwacaca kubantu abangenawo i-HIV. Phakathi kwamadoda anesandulela ngculazi, kwakukhona ubudlelwane obungabalulekile phakathi kokuthandana kwe-inthanethi nokulala komzimba okungavimbelwe. Okokugcina, phakathi kwamadoda angaqiniseki ngesimo sabo se-HIV-i-subset encane yabahlanganyeli-ukulala okungavumelekile kokulala kwakuvame kakhulu nabanye bahlangana ku-intanethi kunokuba babe nobuhlobo obungavumelani nabo.
Abacwaningi baphinde bathola ukuthi i-concordance yesimo se-HIV yayiyindlela yokwenza ucansi olungalondekile. Ngamanye amazwi, ababambiqhaza babeqaphele ukuthi babezoba nobulili obuvikelekile obungaphephile nabantu ababenenkinga efanayo ye-HIV. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kubalulekile ngoba izinkinga ezingamelana nezidakamizwa zingasakazeka phakathi kwabantu abane-HIV. Ngokweqile, umuntu onesandulela ngculaza ongelashwa nge- antiretroviral therapy angakwazi ukutheleleka ngolunye uhlobo lwe-HIV olungavumelani nokutheleleka okunjalo ngaleyo ndlela ahlasele umphumela obi kakhulu. Ngokusobala, abesilisa kulolu cwaningo bahlolisana ngokuthi yiziphi izinkinga ezithwalayo (umkhuba okuthiwa i- serosorting ) ngaphambi kokubuyela emuva.
Izintshisekelo
Emva kwesifo se-AIDS sama-1980, amadoda amaningi ayeka ukubuyela emuva futhi aqala ukusebenzisa amakhondomu. Nokho, maduze nje, lo mkhuba uvuselela futhi uqoshwe ngemvamisa eyengeziwe phakathi kwamadoda amhlophe, abamnyama nabaseLatino abahlala eNew York City, eSan Francisco, eLos Angeles, eMiami nakweminye imizi emikhulu yase-US. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amadoda abo bonke ubudala manje anesandulela ngculazi engavikelekile, kuhlanganise namadoda asekhulile aphila ngculaza futhi asetshenziselwa ikhondomu isikhathi eside emva kwalesi sifo.
Mhlawumbe akekho isizathu esisodwa esenza abantu bakhethe ukuba nobulili obungalondekile. Kunalokho, lokhu kuziphatha kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kubangelwa ukuhlanganiswa kwezici.
- Amadoda ahlukumezayo athola lo mkhuba ukuvuselela, okujabulisayo futhi obuseduze.
- I-intanethi yenza kube lula ukuthola abalingani abangaziwa ukuthi bangaba nengane engavunyelwe ukuvimbela. Kukhona amasayithi azinikezele ekutholeni abalingani abangenalutho, futhi abasebenzisi bangakhetha abanye ngesimo se-HIV.
- Ukubuyiselwa emuva kungase kube uphawu lokukhulula ngokocansi, ukuhlubuka nokunika amandla.
- Amadoda alala nobulili namadoda asasaboni i-HIV njengesifo esibulalayo. Kunalokho, bayibona njengokwelapha. Njengoba usongelwa ukufa akusekho phezulu, la madoda angase angakhathazeki kakhulu ngengozi yokutheleleka nge-HIV, futhi acabange ukuthi uma bathola i-HIV, khona-ke bangathola ukwelashwa. Lokhu kucabangela kuyiphutha ngoba (1) akuzona zonke izinhlobo ze-HIV eziphathekayo futhi (2) ukwelashwa okungavamile kwama-antiretroviral akuyona ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi, kuhlanganise nokucwenga, ukuhlanza, ukuhlukunyezwa kwesikhumba, isifo sohudo kanye ne-peripheral neuropathy.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa zenkampani-njenge-ecstasy, i-GHB, i-ketamine, ne-crystal meth-ixhunywe ngokungafihli.
- Ukuphindaphinda kungasetshenziswa ukubhekana nokucindezeleka nokukhathazeka. Ukwengeza, ukucindezeleka kungase kube negalelo kulo mkhuba kwabanye.
- Ukucabanga komzimba, ukuzethemba, nokuzibheka kungabangela ukuba ungabi nhlobo. Ngokuqondile, amadoda avuma kulo mkhuba angase abonakale ekhangayo kumlingani wesondo.
- Amadoda abuyele emgodini wokubambezeleka ngemva kweminyaka yokusebenzisa amakhondomu athi "ukukhathala kocansi oluphephile."
- Izizukulwane ezisencane zamadoda angama-gay angakaze ahlangabezane nesifo sengculazi angase angaqapheli ukuthi ukuhwebelana okuncane kungakanani phakathi kokusetshenziswa okuncane okujabulisayo nokuncane kakhulu kwamakhondomu nokuqiniseka kokugwema ukutheleleka nge-HIV. Izizukulwane ezindala, ezikhumbuza isifo sengculaza, ziyakujabulela ukukhokhela le nto encane ukuze ihlale ingenasifo.
- Ukulinganisela kokungaboni kahle kungase kube ukuthi ngokutheleleka nge-HIV, omunye umuntu ongenalo i-HIV anganciphisa ukukhathazeka nge-AIDS. Ngamanye amazwi, bekungeke kube khona isizathu sokukhathazeka ngokuthola i-HIV uma usuvele unayo.
- Ku-athikili ethi "Ukuhlukunyezwa Ngokobulili: Abakwa-Gay Men, Barebacking, Nokunciphisa Ukulimala," umlobi uMichael Shernoff ubhala lokhu okulandelayo: "Ukuzibandakanya kwabokuziqhenya kungabangela ukuba umuntu angaboni kahle ngokudala umqondo ongenalutho wokuthi indoda engumama gayane ayibalulekile futhi ingabalulekile, ngaleyo ndlela yandisa umqondo wayo ukuthi uyasebenza, futhi kunjalo nalabo abathandana naye futhi abafuna uthando nokuqinisekiswa kuye. "
Kuzo zonke izici ezingenhla, injabulo kanye nokusondelana kokuya ocansini okungaphephile cishe kuzoduma zonke ezinye izizathu zokubamba iqhaza ekuziphatheni komuntu ongathinteki. Kodwa-ke, ukumane nje ukusho ukuthi ungaziboni izidingo zomuntu siqu kunciphisa. Izinqumo njengokuthi ukuthatha iqhaza kulo mkhuba kuningi kakhulu.
Ngaphansi
Uma usebenzisa ama-intanethi e-Intanethi ukudala uxhumano lwesikhathi eside nomunye umuntu, ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-STI cishe ayikho enkulu kunokuhlangana nomlingani ongakwazi ukuxhumeka ku-intanethi.
Uma usebenzisa amasayithi okuthandana e-intanethi ukufuna ubulili kuphela, sicela uqaphele futhi usebenzise amakhondomu futhi uhlolwe njalo ngama-STIs. Ngokuyinhloko, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi amadoda amaningi abesilisa nabesilisa abesilisa nabesifazane abasebenzisa lezi zingosi bafuna amathuba okubuka emuva, futhi abanye balaba bantu bane-HIV.
Nakuba kungenakwenzeka ukuthi umuntu ngamunye angasakaza i-HIV ngenye indoda, abantu abaningi abanesandulela ngculaza abasazi ukuthi basulelekile. Sicela ungacabangi ucindezelwe ukusetshenziselwa ikhondomu futhi uhlale uqaphile ekuphikeleni kwakho ukusebenzisa ikhondomu nomlingani wesondo ogama isimo sakhe singaziwa. Khumbula ukuthi nakuba sinezokwelapha eziphumelelayo ze-HIV, futhi lesi sifo akuyona isigwebo sokufa okuzenzakalelayo esake saba khona, sisengumkhuhlane ongapheli nesifo esibi kakhulu odinga ukwelashwa kwansuku zonke okugcwele ukungahambi kahle futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuphazamise imiphumela emibi.
Encwadini yokugcina, ngenxa yokuthi ochwepheshe bezempilo bomphakathi bakhathazeke kakhulu mayelana nokuhlangana phakathi kwamasayithi okuphola oku-inthanethi nama-STI kumadoda angama-gay, sicela ucabange ukuthi abesifazane abasengozini, futhi. Empeleni, izinga le-HIV liphakeme kakhulu phakathi kwabesifazane abamnyama.
Abesifazane abafuna ukuhlangana ngokocansi okwesikhashana kumele baqhubeke nokuvikela futhi bahlolwe njalo. Okokuqala, ingozi ye-HIV namanye ama-STIs ahlale ekhona nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lokuziphatha okungavimbelwe. Okwesibili, ubulili buwuketshezi, futhi abantu abaningi abasebenzisa amasayithi okuthandana e-intanethi ngama-hook-ups angavamile. Laba bantu bangabanikela ingozi kubantu besifazane abalala nabo besifazane ngaphandle kwabesifazane kuphela kodwa nakwamanye amadoda. Futhi futhi, ukutholakala kocwaningo kubonisa ukuthi kunamanani amaningi abantu abane-HIV abafuna ukungabonakali okuhlangenwe nakho kwikhompyutha, abaningi babo abazi ukuthi bane-HIV.
> Imithombo:
> Blackwell CW. "Abesilisa Abalala Ngabantu Futhi Bakuthola Abalingani Bezocansi Bareback kwi-intanethi: Imiphumela ye-STI kanye nokuvimbela i-HIV kanye ne-Client Education. "I- American Journal of Men's Health . 2008; 2: 4.
> Bolding G et al. Amadoda Gay Abafuna Ubulili E-intanethi: Ingabe Kuningi Ingozi Yegciwane lesandulela ngculazi Nezifo Zama-STI Ngezakhamuzi Ze-Inthanethi? "I-AIDS. 2005: 19.
> Umshini wokulala, D. "Ukuthandana nokuxubana ku-intanethi: Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Inthanethi ukuhlangabezana nabalingani bobulili" (ukucubungula). Novemba 2008.
> Heijman T et al. "Ingabe Ukuthandana Nge-Inthanethi Kuholela Ekulimeni Kokudlwengula Okuphezulu? Isifundo Esinqamule Phakathi Kwe-MSM e-Amsterdam, eNetherlands. "I- BMC Infectious Diseases . 2016; 16: 288.
> U-Shernoff M. "Ubulili Bokuziphatha Okungenayo Igciwane: Amadoda Gay, Ukubuyiselwa Kwesibili, Nokunciphisa Ukulimaza." Umsebenzi Wezenhlalakahle . 2006; 51: 2.