Uma othandekayo wakho engeniswe esibhedlela sokunakekelwa esibhedlela, lokhu kusho ukuthi ukugula kwakhe kunzima ngokwanele ukuze kudingeke ukuthi kuqashwe izinga lokuqapha kwezempilo kanye nezinga eliphakeme kakhulu lokunakekelwa kwezempilo. I-unit yokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU) ingabuye ibhekiswe njengeyunithi yokunakekelwa okubucayi noma isigceme sokunakekela kakhulu.
Othandekayo wakho angase aqiniseke ngokwemithi, okusho ukuthi isimo sakhe singashintsha ngokungalindelekile futhi singase sibe sibi nakakhulu.
Ngokuvamile, abantu abagulayo kakhulu badinga ukuhlala e-ICU isikhathi esifushane, kuze kube yilapho ukugula kwabo kugxilile ngokwanele ukuze kudluliselwe esigodini sesibhedlela esijwayelekile. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, ungase ufune ukwazi ukuthi yini ongayilindela ngenkathi othandekayo wakho enakekelwa ku-ICU. Ungase futhi ufune ukwazi ngaphansi kweziphi izimo okufanele ulindele ukuthi othandekayo wakho uyohlala enzile ngokwanele ukuba akhululwe ku-ICU futhi angeniswe esigodini esiphezulu esibhedlela.
Izinhlobo Zokunakekelwa Okunakekelwa Okujulile
I-ICU iyingxenye yesibhedlela lapho iziguli zithola ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okusheshayo nokunakekelwa. Ezinye izibhedlela nazo zine-ICU ezikhethekile zezinhlobo ezithile zeziguli:
- I-Neonatal ICU (i-NICU): Nakekela izingane ezincane kakhulu noma ezingakafiki
- Izingane (PICU): Kubantwana abadinga ukunakekelwa okukhulu
- I-ICU ye-neurological : Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kweziguli ezingazinzile ezingasebenzi
- C unit yokunakekelwa kwe-ardiac (CCU) : Ukunakekela iziguli ezinezinkinga zenhliziyo ezinzima noma ezingenakuqiniswa
- I-ICU yokuhlinzeka (SICU): Ukunakekela iziguli eziphulukana nokuhlinzwa
Kungani Abanye Abantu Kudingeka Bamukelwe?
Kunezizathu eziningi ezahluleka ukuvuma ukungena ku-ICU, futhi othandekayo wakho kungenzeka ukuthi unezizathu eziningi noma ngaphezulu:
- Ukungaqiniseki ngokwemithi: Iziguli ezingenakulinganiswa nemithi ezifuna ukuqapha okusheshayo kanye nokulungiswa okuvamile kwe-therapi yezokwelapha zivame ukuvunyelwa ku-ICU ngoba kuyisimo esifanelekile sokuqapha okusheshayo nokuphendula okusheshayo.
- Kudinga ukusekelwa kokuphefumula: Ezinye iziguli kufanele zivunyelwe ku-ICU ngoba azikwazi ukuphefumula zodwa futhi zidinga ukwesekwa kokuphefumula ngomshini, njengomoya, ukuze uqhubeke uphefumula. Amagumbi amaningi esibhedlela angeke akwazi ukusekela ukunakekelwa kwesiguli esisekeli se-ventilator sokuphefumula. Intubation ukubeka izinto zokuphefumula zokusekela ukuphefumula. Ukususwa kokusekelwa ukuphefumula, okungukuthi ukuphefumula, kwenzeka lapho isiguli sikwazi ukuphefumula ngokuzimela.
- Izinga elingezansi lokuqaphela: Uma othandekayo wakho engazi lutho, engaphenduli noma e- coma , angase adinge ukunakekelwa ku-ICU, ikakhulukazi uma kulindeleke ukuba athuthuke. Abantu abangenalwazi bangase bakhuthazelele ukulimala okukhulu kobuchopho noma izinkinga zempilo kakhulu, ezidinga ukunakekelwa okusondelene nokwandisa amathuba okuthola kabusha.
Uhlobo Olwengeziwe Lokunakekelwa Lunikeziwe
I-ICU ivumela abahlinzeki bokunakekela impilo, njengodokotela, abahlengikazi, abahlengikazi, abahlengikazi, kanye nabachwepheshe, ukuhlinzeka izinga lokunakekelwa ukuthi bangakwazi ukuhlinzeka kwenye indawo:
- Ukuqapha nokuqapha njalo izibonakaliso ezibalulekile: Ngesikhathi se-ICU, iziguli zihlolwe kaningi kunokuba zikwazi ukuhlala esibhedlela esivamile. Izimpawu ze-Vital, ezifana nesilinganiso senhliziyo, ukucindezelwa kwegazi, kanye nesilinganiso sokuphefumula, kanye nemingcele efana ne-oksijini ne-carbon dioxide, ingahlolwa ngokuqhubekayo ngamadivayisi kagesi ahlelwe ukuqapha ngaso sonke isikhathi. Futhi, ngaphandle kokuqapha okuqhubekayo, abahlengikazi nabo bangase bahlolisise izibonakaliso ezibalulekile kaningi ekamelweni lokunakekelwa okujulile kunalokho ababezokwenza esigodini sesibhedlela esivamile.
- Ukubonisa izindawo ezikude ezilinganisweni zamanani ezibalulekile: Ngenkathi othandekayo wakho eqhubeka nokuqapha izimpawu ezibalulekile, ukucindezeleka kwegazi nokufunda kwenhliziyo kuyabonakala kumadivaysi edijithali eduze kombhede. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-ICU amaningi afakwe izikrini ezisemaphandleni ezikhombisa izimpawu ezibalulekile ezingaphandle kwegumbi. Lokhu kuvumela abahlengikazi ukuba bafunde izibonakaliso ezibalulekile zeziguli ngisho nalapho bengekho emakamelweni ezigulane, futhi baqaphele izinguquko ezibalulekile ngokushesha.
- Vala ukulungiswa kwamanzi, ama-electrolyte, kanye nemithi: Ngaphezu kokuqapha kwezempilo, i-ICU iyindlela lapho iziguli zikwazi khona ukuthola ukulungiswa okuvamile nokuyinkimbinkimbi kwemithi ebalulekile, njengama-fluid emangcwabeni kanye nama-electrolyte afana ne-sodium, i-potassium , i-calcium, ne-magnesium. Imithi eminingi enamandla ingabangela imiphumela engalindelekile edinga impendulo ngokushesha. Imithi enjalo ingcono kakhulu enikezwe ku-ICU setting.
- Kungaba nezinqubo ezithile : Izinqubo ezithile ezingenziwa emgodini wesiguli azihambisani kahle nesigceme sesibhedlela esijwayelekile. Isibonelo, abantu abane- ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt bangadinga ukungenelela okudinga imvelo oyinyumba ukuvimbela ukutheleleka, kepha lokho akudingeki kwenziwe ekamelweni lokusebenza. Lezi zinhlobo zezinqubo zingenziwa ngokuphumelelayo ku-ICU ngenkathi zigwema ukuhamba nokuphazamisa isiguli.
- Amakamelo avulekile: Amakamelo ku-ICU avaliwe kuvaliwe. Nakuba kungase kube namakhethini okuzimela, iziguli zibonakala kakhulu futhi zifinyeleleka kubahlengikazi nodokotela abasebenza ekamelweni lokunakekelwa okukhulu. Lokhu kuvumela abasebenzi bokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuthi bahlale bebukela kakhulu iziguli futhi bakwazi ukuphendula ngokushesha kunoma yiziphi izinkinga ezizelelwe.
- Iziguli ezimbalwa ngomhlengikazi: Ngokuvamile, i-ICU inabanye abahlengikazi ngesiguli ngaphezu kwesigceme sesibhedlela esijwayelekile. Lokhu kuvumela umhlengikazi ngamunye ukuba alandele ithrekhi yezinkimbinkimbi eziningi zesiguli kanye nokushintsha imininingwane yezokwelapha futhi ahlinzeke ngemithi yokwelashwa ethintekayo iziguli.
- Abahlengikazi abanokuqeqeshwa nokuhlangenwe nakho kwe-ICU: Ngokuvamile, abahlengikazi nabahlengikazi abasebenza i-ICU banokuqeqeshwa okukhethekile nokuhlangenwe nakho ekunakekeleni iziguli ze-ICU. Ngesinye isikhathi, abahlengikazi bebodwa ngokukhethekile ekunakekeleni iziguli kuma-ICU akhethekile njengeCCU noma i-PICU. Kwamanye ama-ICU, umhlengikazi oyinhloko obhekana ikakhulukazi nokunakekelwa kwe-ICU uqondisa ukunakekelwa kwesiguli.
- Ungaba nodokotela abazikhethela i-ICU: Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela abaqeqeshelwe ngokukhethekile ekunakekeleni kwe-ICU nabo basebenza i-ICU. Lokhu akulona kunjalo njalo, futhi kuncike esibhedlela ngasinye nesimo. Isibonelo, uma othandekayo wakho enesimo senhliziyo esibi esifuna ukuhlala e-CCU, angakunakekelwa udokotela ogcina ngokucophelela iziguli ngenkathi eseCCU kuze kube yilapho ekhishwa esibhedlela esivamile, lapho omunye udokotela ozonakekela khona. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwezinye izibhedlela, udokotela ofanayo onakekela isiguli ku-CCU uyaqhubeka nokukhathalela leso siguli futhi alawule isimo sezokwelapha ngisho nangemva kokuba isiguli sigxilile futhi sidluliselwa esibhedlela esivamile. Futhi ezinye izibhedlela zinesistimu ehlanganisa zonke izindlela.
Izithibelo ezingaphezulu zabavakashi
Ngezizathu eziningana, izivakashi zivinjelwe kakhulu ku-ICU kunokwesibhedlela esivamile. Ezinye zalezi zizathu zihlanganisa:
- Ukuvimbela ukusabalala kokutheleleka
- Ukulondoloza ukuthula kwezinye iziguli ngoba abanalo ubumfihlo ku-ICU
- Ukuvumela othandekayo wakho aphumule futhi alulame
- Isikhala esincane ku-ICU
- Vumela abasebenzi ukuba bahlole njalo iziguli-abasebenzi basebhedlela bangakwazi ukulibazisa imithi noma ukuqapha isigamu sehora noma ngaphezulu kuze kube yizivakashi ezihamba phansi, kepha ngeke ukwazi ukwenza kanjalo ku-ICU.
Ngabe Uthandekayo Wakho Uyokhipha Nini?
Othandekayo wakho cishe uzothuthukisa ngokwanele ukukhishwa ku-ICU. Ezinye izibhedlela zinesiyunithi esingaphansi, esihlinzeka ngezinga eliphakathi lokunakekelwa okuncane kakhulu kune-ICU ngenkathi kunikezwa ukunakekelwa okusondelene neyunithi ejwayelekile. Imigomo yokukhishwa e-ICU ifaka ukukhipha, ukuqiniswa kwezibonakaliso ezibalulekile, ukuqapha okuphuthumayo, isidingo esincane sokushintsha i-IV fluid, electrolytes, kanye nemithi, kanye nokuzinza kwezokwelapha jikelele.
Izwi elivela
Uma othandekayo wakho engeniswe esibhedlela esikhulu, kungenzeka ukuthi ube ngaphansi kokucindezeleka okukhulu njengoba uhlangabezana nokungaqiniseki nokungaqiniseki.
Akuzona zonke iziguli ezifanayo, futhi othandekayo wakho uhlukile. Indlela yakhe yokuphulukisa ingase ishelele noma ibe nzima kunabanye, futhi kaningi, ukungaqiniseki kwezifo ezibangela iziguli ukuba zidinga ukunakekelwa kwe-ICU kwenza konke ukubikezela kungacabangi.
Naphezu kwezimo ezibucayi ezivuma ukungena ku-ICU, iziguli eziningi ziyakwazi ukushiya i-ICU futhi ziqhubeke nokukhathalela isikhungo esiphezulu esibhedlela isikhathi esifushane, futhi ekugcineni zilulame ekuguleni kwazo, zishiye isibhedlela ukuba sihambe ekhaya.
> Umthombo:
> Zhonghua W, Zhong B, Xue J, Ukuhlaziywa kwezici ezithinta ukugxekwa kweziguli ze-ICU ngemodeli eminingi yokulawulwa kwemvelo: ukutadisha okuhlangenwe nakho kwamaqembu angu-1 299 eminyakeni engu-12 elandelanayo, ngo-2017 Jul; 29 (7): 602-607.