I-DEXA Scan Ukuhlolwa Kwemfuyo Ye-Bone Ingakhuluma Ngengozi Yakho Ye-Osteoporosis
Ukuhlolwa kwe-bone ukuphakanyiswa kunconywa ukuhlola ukulahleka kwethambo nokuqeda i-osteoporosis. Isivivinyo esivame kakhulu yi-scan-ray ye-ray-ray ye-absorptiometry (DEXA). I-osteoporosis ibangela ukwehla kwamathambo, okuvame ukubhekwa njengokunciphisa amathambo. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, isiguli esine-osteoporosis sinomzimba obuthakathaka futhi sinomngcipheko omkhulu wokuphuka kwethambo .
Ubani okufanele abe nokuhlolwa kwe-DEXA Bone Density?
I-National Osteoporosis Foundation ineziqondiso zomtholampilo.
Bancoma i-DEXA ukuskena esikhungweni esisebenzisa izinyathelo zokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi.
- Bonke abesifazane abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu futhi amadoda angama-70 nangaphezulu kufanele ahlolwe.
- Uma banezizathu eziyingozi, abesifazane base-postmenopausal namadoda abaneminyaka engu-50-69 kufanele bahlolwe.
- Uma usuqhelile ukuguga ubudala futhi ungumuntu wesifazane othunyelwe nge-postmenopausal noma umuntu oneminyaka engama-50 noma ngaphezulu, ukuhlolwa kwesitembu samaminerali kungasiza ukuxilonga izinga le-osteoporosis.
Isiphakamiso samanje esivela ku-US Preventative Services Task Force sibhekene nokuhlolwa kwamathambo okungenani kanye kuphela kubo bonke abesifazane abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu nakwabesifazane abasebasha abanobunzima abanobucayi bokuphakama kwabo okulinganayo noma ngaphezulu kunalokho okungama-65- owesifazane omhlophe oneminyaka engu-20 ubudala ongenayo ingozi eyengeziwe. Le mihlahlandlela ibuyekezwa futhi ibuyekeziwe.
Izingozi Ze-Osteoporosis
Ezinye zezinto ezivame ukufaka ingozi zihlanganisa:
- Ukuba owesifazane
- Ubudala obudala
- Ukuba i-Caucasian noma i-Asia
- I-bone mass ephansi
- Ukuba mncane noma ube nesimiso esincane
- Indlela yokuphila yangasese
- Umlando womndeni we-osteoporosis
- Ukuntuleka kwe-Estrogen ngenxa yokuya esikhathini, ikakhulukazi kusenesikhathi noma ukuqhutshwa kokuhlinzwa
- Anorexia nervosa
- Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile
- Ukubhema ugwayi
- Ukudla ngokweqile kotshwala
Kuyini ukuhlolwa kwe-DEXA Scan Bone Density?
I-DEXA imelela i- "double-ray x-ray absorptiometry," futhi ibhekwa njengesivivinyo esinembile kakhulu se-bone mass.
Ngenkathi ama-x-rays ajwayelekile ekhombisa izinguquko ekutheni amandla we-bone emva kokulahlekelwa kwethambo okungaba ngu-40%, ukuskena kwe-DEXA kungathola izinguquko ngemva kokushintsha okungu-1%. Iskena se-DEXA sithatha imizuzu engama-10 futhi sidlulisela isiguli emisebeni encane kune-x-ray ejwayelekile yesifuba (mayelana nesilinganiso esifanayo sokuvezwa kwemisebe njengoba kuthatha indiza ye-trans-continental).
Iziphi Izinga Lami Lokuhlolwa Kwemfuyo Lithinta?
Imiphumela ye-bone mass measurement (DEXA ukuskena) ibikwa ngezindlela ezimbili: njenge-T-scores kanye nama-Z-izikolo.
Isibalo se- T siqhathanisa nesisindo sakho samathambo kuze kube sezingeni eliphakeme lesisindo samathambo ngobulili bakho. Kubikwa njengenombolo yeziphambeko ezijwayelekile ngaphansi kwesilinganiso.
- Isilinganiso se-T esingaphezu kwe-minus-1 kubhekwa njengokujwayelekile.
- I-T-score ye-minus-1 kuya kweminus-2.5 ibhekwa njenge-osteopenia, futhi ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-osteoporosis.
- I-T-score engaphansi kwe-minus-2.5 ixilongwa nge-osteoporosis.
Isilinganiso se- Z sisetshenziselwa ukuqhathanisa nemiphumela yakho kwabanye abalingani bakho, isisindo, ubuhlanga, nobulili. Lokhu kuyasiza ukunquma ukuthi kukhona yini okungavamile okwenzela ekulahlekeni kwethambo lakho. Isilinganiso se-Z esingaphansi kwe-minus-1.5 siphakamisa ukukhathazeka ukuthi ezinye izici ngaphandle kokuguga zifaka isandla ekwenzeni i-osteoporosis. Lezi zici zingase zihlanganise nokukhubazeka kwe-thyroid, ukungondleki, ukusebenzisana kwemithi, ukusebenzisa ugwayi nabanye.
Ingabe i-Medicare ikhokhela i- DEXA Scans ?
Imihlahlandlela yamanje ye-Medicare Part B (Umshwalense wezokwelapha) ihlanganisa lokhu kuhlolwa ngaphandle kwezindleko kanye njalo ezinyangeni ezingu-24, noma ngaphezulu uma kunesidingo sempilo. Ufanelekile kumacala alandelayo:
- Ungowesifazane ogama lakhe odokotela anquma ukuthi uhlelekile ku-estrogen futhi usemngciphekweni we-osteoporosis.
- Ukuhlola impendulo yakho emithini ye-osteoporosis
- Uma unesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-hyperparathyroidism eyinhloko
- Uma unezinye izifo ezingavamile zomzimba ezingase zibonise ukuphuka
- Uma uthola ukwelashwa kwe-corticosteroid yesikhathi eside, njenge-prednisone
Izinzuzo zokuthola i-DEXA Scan
- Utshela ukuthi une-osteoporosis
- Ukusiza ukubikezela ingozi yamathambo aphukile
- Inquma isidingo sokwelashwa futhi ihlolisise ukusebenza kwayo
Yenza Ukuthola I-DEXA Scan
- Ingozi yokuphuka ixhomeke ezintweni eziningi kune-bone mass
- Kwangathi kungakhuthaza iziguli ukuthi zithathe imithi engadingekile
- Iveza isiguli emazingeni aphansi emisebeni
> Imithombo:
> I-National Osteoporosis Foundation. Umhlahlandlela Wabahlengikazi Wokuvimbela Nokunakekelwa Kwe-Osteoporosis. Washington, DC: i-National Osteoporosis Foundation; 2013.
> I-US Preventive Services Task Force. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Osteoporosis: Isitatimende Senkomfa. Am Fam Physician. 2011; 83: 1197-200. I-PMID: 21568254.