Immunotherapy for Kids ne-Allergies - Isikhathi nokuphepha
I-allergies Shots (Immunotherapy) nezingane
Abazali abaningi banenkinga yokuthi ukudubula kokungabi namandla kungabhepheka izingane zabo. Eqinisweni, izingane eziningi kungenzeka ukuthi azikwazi ukuthola izibhamu ngokuphepha kuphela, kodwa zingazuza kakhulu kule ndlela yokwelapha imithi.
Izifo ezibangelwa ukungezwani komzimba, noma i-immunotherapy, zingaphatha okungaphezu kwe-hayfever (i-rhinitis ye-allergen.) Ingase isetshenziselwe ukwelapha i-conjunctivitis ye-allergen (i- eye allergies ) ne- asthma ye-allergen ezinganeni.
Kungenzeka, empeleni, ngisho nokusiza ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo se-asthma ezinganeni ezine-allergies.
Kunezici eziningana okumelwe uzicabange uma ucabanga ukuthi ingane yakho izothola izidakamizwa ezithintekayo futhi imibuzo eminingi ihlala. Iyiphi iminyaka engcono kakhulu yokuba ingane yakho ihlole ukuhlolwa komzimba? Ngabe ingane kufanele iqale iziqhumane eziphikisayo? Ingabe kukhona izinzuzo noma ukuqeda ukuqala ukushaywa komzimba uma ingane isencane, noma ngokuphambene, ingabe kukhona izinzuzo noma izingozi zokulinda kuze kube yilapho ingane ikhulile? Ake sibuke imibuzo ejwayelekile kunazo zonke abazali ababhekana nazo ekubhekaneni nezidakamizwa zokungalingani kanye nezingane zabo.
Ngabe Ingane Kufanele Ivivinywe Ngami Ukugula?
Ngaphambi kokungena esikhathini esingcono kakhulu ukuqala ukudubula kwamagciwane, kubalulekile ukukhuluma ukuthi kufanele yini ingane yakho ihlolwe izifo, njengoba lesi sinyathelo siqala kuqala. Abazali bavame ukukholelwa ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwezinkinga zokuphepha kwezingane kufanele kulinde kuze kube yilapho ingane ineminyaka ethile, isibonelo, iminyaka yobudala.
Lokhu akulona iqiniso, futhi ukuhlolwa kokunciphisa umzimba kungenziwa kubantwana ngisho nangenyanga eyodwa ubudala . Isikhathi esihle sokuhlola uma ukholelwa ukuthi umthombo wezimpawu zomntwana wakho (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-rhinitis ye-allergen noma i-asthma) ihlukumeza ukungahambi kahle kwenqubo, futhi le minyaka izohluka kuzo zonke izingane.
Ukubheja kwakho okuhle ukukhuluma nodokotela wezingane noma i-allergen ukuze uthole usizo lwakhe ukuthi ulinganise lezi zici.
Imuphi Umdala Okufanele Ukuguqulwa Kwezifo Zokuqala?
Njengokuhlolwa kokunciphisa umzimba, akukhona neze into enjengokusemncane kakhulu ukuthola ukudubula kokungabi namandla. Lokho kusho ukuthi ingane kufanele ikhule ngokwanele ukuze ikwazi ukuxhumana nomzali noma izisebenzi zezokwelapha uma ibona izimpawu zendlela yokwelapha ekubhekeni komzimba. Ingane kumele futhi ikhule ngokwanele ukuze ibambisane ne-allergies idubule ngokwayo, futhi lokhu kuzohluka kumntwana ngamunye. Uma ukuya emtholampilo wezokwelapha kungumonakalo omkhulu kumntwana ukuthi uyakhala futhi akhala lapho ehambela zonke izivakashi, kungenzeka ukuthi umzali wakhe ekugcineni uzoyeka ukumthatha ukudubula, futhi ukwelashwa ngeke kuphumelele.
Iningi lezazi ezibhekiswe ekungezwani komzimba zizwa ukuthi iminyaka lapho izingane eziningi zingakwazi ukubekezelela khona ukudubula kokungezwani komzimba kuneminyaka emihlanu ubudala. Ngaphandle kwezimo ezithile, isibonelo, lapho ingane ikhulile kakhulu noma uma ukudinga ukungezwani komzimba kuyadingeka kakhulu, ukulinda kuze kube yilapho ingane ingenani iminyaka eyisithupha ngokuvamile kuycono kakhulu. Yiqiniso lokhu kungashintsha, ezinye izingane zingase zingabi ngokwanele ngokwanele ukukhishwa kwesifo sofuba kuze kube neminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye, noma eyishumi noma ngisho nambili. Ukushiwo lokhu akusho ukuthi umuntu oneminyaka engu-10 ubudala ongakavuthi ngokwanele ukubhekana nokukhishwa kwesifo sofuba "ngemuva" noma ukuthi amasu akho wokubeletha ashiye okuthile okufunayo.
Njengasezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zezingane, abantwana bavuthiwe ngeminyaka ehlukene nangendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ingane engakhange ikhule ngokwanele ku-10 ngenxa yokudonswa kwezifo ezibangelwa ukungezwani komzimba ingase ikhule ngokwedlulele ngezindlela ezingaphezu kwengane ekhulile ngokwanele ekudutshulwa kwamandla emzimbeni eminyakeni eyisithupha.
Ungayitshela Kanjani Uma Ingane Yakho Ikhulile Enyanele Yokudla Kwemithi?
Abanye i-allergist bayotusa ukuba banike ingane i-saline (usawoti wamanzi) ukuze babone ukuthi ubekezelela kanjani le nqubo ngaphambi kokumisa ingane ekudutshulwa kwezilwane. Enye inkomba yokuthi ingane iyakwazi yini ukubekezelela ukudubula kokudla komzimba ukuthi yenzani kahle ngokuvivinya umzimba.
Uma ingane ikhala noma ikhala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokunciphisa umzimba , cishe ngeke iphumelele ngokushaya izifo.
Enye indlela yokuhlola ukulungela kwengane yakho ukukhuluma naye mayelana nokuthi ukukhishwa kwesifo sofuba kusebenza kanjani (empeleni, ngesikhathi esifanelekayo sesigamazwi). Ukuba nomqondo mayelana nokuthi "kungani" ngemuva kwesibhamu kungasiza ezinye izingane ukuba zilungele ngaphambili uma zingenayo ukuqonda isizathu ngemuva kwesibhamu.
Ukuphepha kokungezwani komzimba kuzingane
Njenganoma yiluphi uhlobo lwezokwelapha, ukusabela okubi kungase kwenzeke ngokushaywa komzimba. Eqinisweni, kubalulekile ukulinganisa imiphumela engalungile engaba khona (imiphumela emibi) ngokumelene nezinzuzo ezikhona nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwezokwelapha, ngabe iphilisi ingane yakho ezoyithatha, isibhamu njengoba kuphawulwe lapha, noma noma yiluphi uhlobo lwezokwelapha.
Izifo ezithathelwanayo nezifo zithwala ingozi ye- anaphylaxis , ukusabela okubangelwa ukuphila okubangelwa ukwelashwa. Ukuphendula okukhulu, noma kunjalo, akuvamile, uma nje usebenza ne-allergen oqeqeshiwe ojwayele ukwelapha izingane nge-allergies.
Izinzuzo Zokunciphisa Ukudla Kwegazi Kwabantwana
Njengoba kuphawuliwe ekuqaleni, ngaphezu kokunciphisa izimpawu zomntanakho, ukudubula kokunciphisa umzimba kunganciphisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-asthma ye-allergen. Ukudoba kokungenwa kwesifo somzimba kunganciphisa ingozi yokuhlakulela isifo esibi kakhulu: i-anaphylaxis.
Ngezansi Ngezifo Zokungezwani Komzimba (Immunotherapy) e-Children
Kukhona izinzuzo ezicacile nezingozi zokubamba iqhaza ezinganeni, kodwa lezi zizohluka kuzo zonke izingane. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi iminyaka yengane yodwa ayiyona inkomba enhle lapho kufanele kuqalwe khona isibhamu. Ezinye izingane zingathola izinzuzo ezinkulu ngezibhamu kusukela ekuqaleni kwasebuntwaneni, kuyilapho abanye bekungcono kakhulu ukulinda kuze kube yilabo abasha, noma kamuva. Ukulawula isibonakaliso kubalulekile ukuthi izingane zibe nezimpawu zingaba nemiphumela eminingi ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwabo ngokomzimba, ngokomzwelo nangokwenhlalo. Ukwengeza, ukukhishwa kwesifo sofuba kungasiza ekuvimbeleni i-asthma ye-allergen ekuthuthukiseni kwezinye izingane. Lezi zici kudingeka zilinganiswe ngabanye ngokubhekene nezingozi ezincane kodwa zangempela zokuphendula kanye ne-anaphylaxis.
Imithombo:
Abrams, E., Szefler, S., no-A. Becker. Imiphumela yezokwelapha ze-Asthma kwi-Natural Course of Asthma. Ama-Annal ofergy, i-Asthma ad Immunology . 2016. 117 (6): 627-633.
UKliegman, uRobert M., uBonita Stanton, uSt Geme III uJoseph W., uNine Felice. Schor, uRichard E. Behrman, noWaldo E. Nelson. UNelson Bookbook of Pediatrics. I-20th Edition. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier, 2015. Phrinta.