Izinzuzo, Izingozi, nokuningi
Uma imithi ihluleka ukulawula ngokwanele izimpawu zokungenwa kwemvelo nokugwema i-trigger akulula noma kungenzeka, i-allergenist ingancoma ukuthi i-immunotherapy noma "i-allergies shots." Le ukwelashwa siqukethe uchungechunge lwemijovo equkethe amanani amancane umuntu ayenayo i-allergenic .
Ngemuva kokuhamba kwamagciwane, amaphesenti angama-80 kuya kwangu-90 iziguli ezinezinkinga ezimbalwa zokungezwani komzimba , futhi ezimweni eziningi, izifo zazo zithatheke ngokuphelele.
Ukukhishwa kwesifo somzimba kunganikezwa i-rhino-conjunctivitis ye-allergen (impumulo namehlo), i-asthma ye-allergen, ne-allerse sting allergies.
Sibutsetelo
Ukukhishwa kwesifo sofuzo kunikezwe iminyaka engaba ngu-100 futhi kukhona ukwelashwa okugunyaziwe yi-FDA. Izifundo eziningi zezokwelapha ezihlelwe kahle zibonisa ukuphumelela kokudutshulwa kwamagciwane. Futhi ukudubula kwamagciwane akuqukethe i-steroid, okungaba nemiphumela emibi yesikhathi eside.
Ngokungafani nemithi yokwelapha , eyenza "ukumboza" izimpawu zokugula noma ukuyivimbela okwesikhashana, izibhamu ezibangelwa ukungezwani komzimba zixazulula inkinga yangaphakathi yezifo . Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba umzimba uthatha umjovo kufana nomgomo wokugoma, okwenza kube nokukhiqizwa kwama-antibodies okulwa nokutheleleka ngokumelene nempova, uthuli, isikhunta noma i- pet dander .
Umzimba wabeka ukukhiqiza izinhlobo eziningi zokulwa nezifo ezihlasela izimbangela, ngakho-ke, ngeke zibe nokuningi, noma kunoma iyiphi, impendulo yokuzizwa lapho ivuleka ezilwaneni. Lezi zinguquko zingadlulela iminyaka eminingi, ngisho nangemva kokuyeka ukudubula kwamagciwane.
Ucwaningo lwamuva lubonisa ukuthi ukukhishwa kwesifo sofuba kungavimbela abantu ukuba bangadli ukwelashwa okusha nokunciphisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-asthma ezinganeni ezinezifo zomzimba.
Indlela kanye nesilinganiso
Indlela ye-immunotherapy ihlanganisa ukuqala kumthamo omncane ongabangela ukusabela okweqile, ngokuqhubeka kancane ukulinganisa umthamo kuze kube yilapho umuntu ebekezelela ukukhishwa okukhulu.
Lezi zijovo zihanjiswa ngokuphindwe kabili ngesonto kuze kutholakale isondlo, noma umthamo oqhubekayo. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuthatha cishe izinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha.
Uma isisindo sesondlo sesifinyelelwe, izimpawu zokugula zixazululwa kakhulu ezigulini eziningi. Emva kwalokho, ukujozwa kunikezwa njalo ngemva kwamasonto amane kuya kwamane.
Isikhathi Sokwelashwa
Ukwelashwa kuqhubeka iminyaka engu-3 kuya kwemihlanu, emva kwalokho isiguli siyaqhubeka sizuze iminyaka emihlanu kuya kweyishumi noma ngaphezulu, ngisho nangemva kokuyeka ukudubula. Uma izibhamu zimiswa zingakapheli iminyaka emithathu, izimpawu zokugula zibuyele masinyane.
Izingozi
Izingozi zokuzivikela nge-immunotherapy zikhona ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi zibhekene nesifo sokungaboni kahle. Ukuphendula okukhulu kwe-allergenic kuqukethe ukuvuvukala okuncane nokulinganisela endaweni yesilenze.
Lezi zindlela ezenzekayo zenzeka njalo, kodwa ngokuvamile azidingi ushintsho kokwelashwa. Ukuvuvukala okukhulu kungadinga ukulungiswa kwesilinganiso se-immunotherapy noma ushintsho kumvamisa kanye nenani lamashothi.
Ngokuvamile, iziguli zithola umzimba wonke umzimba , ngezinye izikhathi zibizwa ngokuthi "anaphylaxis." Iningi lalezi zindlela zibuhlungu futhi ziqukethe isikhumba, imisipha noma impumu egijima.
Ezinye zikhuni kakhulu futhi zingabonakala njengokukhwehlela, ukuqina kwesifuba, ukugubha, ukuqina komphimbo, ukuthuthumela, futhi okungajwayelekile kungasongela ukuphila.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kuvame ukudingwa ukuthi iziguli zihlale ehhovisi likadokotela imizuzu engama-20 kuya kwengu-30 emva kokujola ngoba ukusabela okuningi kwenzeka okwamanje. Lezi zindlela zokuphendula zivame ukuguqulwa kalula ngemithi, njenge- epinephrin injectable nama-antihistamine.
Ukufaneleka
Ngokusobala, noma ngabe ungumuntu ozobhapathizwa yini nge-immunotherapy yimibuzo kuphela wena nodokotela wakho ongayiphendula. Lokho kusho ukuthi kunezizathu eziningi zokucabangela ukudubula kwamagciwane:
- Imithi engasebenzi - Iziguli eziningi ziya ku-allergen ngoba zinezibonakaliso naphezu kokuzama imishanguzo eminingi yokungena emithonjeni yokuphuza ngaphandle kokuphumula okungenakuphikiswa kwezibonakaliso zabo. Ngesinye isikhathi izidakamizwa zokungcola ziwukuphela kokwelashwa okusele kulaba baguli.
- Umqondo we "ukwelashwa" - Ezinye iziguli ezinjengomqondo we "ukwelashwa" futhi ukhetha ukudubula kwamagciwane ngenxa yalesi sizathu. Khumbula, i-immunotherapy yiyona kuphela yokwelapha imithi elungisa izixazululo zamasosha omzimba, kufana nomgomo wokugoma.
- Akufisi ukuthatha imithi -Kodwa iziguli zihlangabezana nemiphumela emibi kakhulu emithini yemithi noma ayithandi ukuthatha imithi nsuku zonke. Umqondo wokudubula once-a-month kuyindlela engcono kubo.
- Imithi iyinzuzo -Imithi ingabiza, futhi njengoba izimpawu zokuphuza imithi zibuyela ngokushesha maduze emva kokuba imithi imisiwe, iziguli zingadinga imithi iminyaka eminingi, eminingi. Ukudla kwesifo sofuzo kunganciphisa kakhulu isidingo semithi futhi kungaba yindleko enkulu yokulondoloza izindleko ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Umthombo:
I-American Academy Yezokwelapha, i-Asthma ne-Immunology. I-Allergen Immunotherapy Practice Parameters. Ann Ukuzivocavoca Isifo Somoya Immunol. 2003; 90: S1-40.