Isiteji I-Cancer Lung: Incazelo, Ukwelapha, Nokuguqulwa
Uma uthola ukuthi unomdlavuza wesigaba samaphaphu, yini okudingeka ukwazi? Yini enquma ukuthi umdlavuza wamaphaphu uyisigaba sesi-I, yiziphi izifo ezitholakalayo, futhi yikuphi ukuchazwa?
Sibutsetelo Sigaba I I-Cancer Lung
I-Stage I yomdlavuza wamaphaphu yisigaba sokuqala lapho iningi lamaphavuza emaphaphu atholakala khona futhi isiteji lapho kuhlala khona isikhathi eside isikhathi eside kakhulu. Amaphesenti angaba ngu-30 ama-cancer amaphaphu wamaphaphu angewona amancane atholakala uma esesiteji I noma II.
(Kukhona isandulela somdlavuza wamaphaphu, isifo somdlavuza wesigaba se-0 noma i-carcinoma-in-situ, nakuba umdlavuza wamaphaphu awutholakali kulesi sigaba sokuqala nesingenasidingo.)
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezisemqoka zomdlavuza wamaphaphu: umakhalekhukhwini ongewona omncane nomdlavuza wamaphaphu amancane. Umdlavuza omncane wamangqamuzana ongasona omncane uwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza wamaphaphu, uvame ukukhula futhi usakaze kancane kancane kunomdlavuza omncane we-cell lung, futhi uqukethe izinhlobo ezintathu ezivamile: i-squamous cell carcinoma, i-cell cell carcinoma, ne-adenocarcinoma.
Ezinye izinhlobo ezingavamile kakhulu zomdlavuza wesifo samangqamuzana ongewona amancane yi-pleomorphic, i-carcinoid tumor, i-salivary gland carcinoma, kanye ne-carlasoma engafakiwe.
Incazelo
Ukuqonda isiteji somdlavuza wemaphaphu kubaluleke kakhulu-kokubili kokunquma ukhetho olungcono kakhulu lwezokwelapha, nokuba nomqondo walokho ikusasa elibambelele ekudaleni. Isifo somdlavuza wamaphaphu sendawo, okusho ukuthi asakaze kunoma yiziphi izitho zamagciwane noma ezinye izitho.
I-Stage I ibuye ihlehliselwe phakathi:
- Isiteji IA: I-tumor ingaphansi kuka-3 cm (cishe u-1 ½ amayintshi)
- Isigaba IB: I-tumor ingaphezu kuka-3 cm futhi ingaphansi kuka-7 cm
I-oncologist yakho ingase ichaze isigaba somdlavuza wakho esekelwe kokuthile okubizwa ngokuthi uhlelo lwe-TNM , lapho u-T imele ubukhulu be-tumor, i-N imelela ama-node, kanti i-M imelela imetastasis (ukusakazeka komdlavuza).
Ngokusho kwesimiso se-TNM, umdlavuza wesigaba 1 wamaphaphu uzochazwa ngokuthi:
- Isigaba IA (T1N0M0): Sisho isisu esingaphansi kuka-3 cm, kungekho nodes futhi akukho metastasis
- Isigaba IB (T2N0M0): Sisho isifo esinamandla ngaphezu kuka-3 cm, kodwa ngaphansi kuka-7 cm, kungekho nodes futhi akukho metastasis
Izimpawu
I-Stage I yomdlavuza wamaphaphu ingaba khona ngaphandle kwezimpawu futhi ivame ukuthathwa ngephutha lapho i-x-ray isenzelwa esinye isizathu. Ngezinye izikhathi, umdlavuza wesifo samaphaphu utholakala lapho umuntu engozini yomdlavuza wamaphaphu ewela ukuhlolwa kwe-TB ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu . Izimpawu ezijwayelekile uma zikhona zingase zibandakanye ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo , ukuphefumula noma iziqephu eziphindaphindiwe ze-pneumonia noma i-bronchitis. Njengoba umdlavuza awusakazeki, izimpawu ezifana nokukhathala okukhulu, ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo okungenhloso , noma ubuhlungu obukhulu ngokuvamile abukho.
Ukwelapha
Ukwelapha ukwelashwa okukhethiwe emdlalweni wesibeletho somaphaphu. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ezinkulu zemisebenzi yomdlavuza wamaphaphu eyenziwe ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlinzwa kungenakwenzeka ngenxa yendawo yesifo noma isimo sakho sempilo jikelele. Inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi ukuhlinzeka nge-thoracoscopic (VATS) yevidiyo esekelwe ngevidiyo isingene kakhulu kunomsebenzi wesintu nokubekezelela kangcono. Akuwona wonke amagciwane e-lungula angasuswa ngale ndlela, kodwa uma kungenzeka, ukutakula kuyashesha kakhulu.
Akuwona wonke odokotela abahlinzayo umdlavuza wamaphaphu enza le nqubo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kutholakale ukuthi abantu abahlinzwa ngokuhlinzwa emdlashini wamaphaphu emitholampilo yomdlavuza okwenza umthamo omkhulu walezi zindlela zingase zibe nemiphumela engcono. Uma ucabangela ukuhlinzwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu, kubalulekile ukuthola umbono wesibili . Abantu abaningi bakhetha ukuthola le mibono kwelinye leNational Cancer Institute-izikhungo zomdlavuza ezikhethiwe.
Ngeziguli ezingenakuphelelwa umdlavuza umdlavuza wamaphaphu, ukwelapha imishanguzo kuyindlela ongayenza ngezinye izikhathi. Inqubo entsha ebizwa ngokuthi i- radiotherapy yomzimba (stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) ibonakala iyathemba kakhulu labo abangakwazi ukuhlinzwa ngenxa yesifo somdlavuza wesigaba se-1 nganoma yisiphi isizathu.
Ukwelashwa kwe-proton yegridi kungase kube yinto yokukhetha kulabo abanesifo somdlavuza wamaphaphu esandulela ukuthi kunzima noma akunakwenzeka ukususa ngokuhlinzwa. Ngomdlavuza we-IA wamaphaphu, i-chemotherapy noma i-radiation therapy ngokuvamile ayinconywa. Ngesifo somdlavuza we-IB we-stage, esekelwe kwezinye izici ezinonya zesisu (isibonelo isayizi enkulu kune-4 cm) ezinye ze-oncologists zincoma i-adjuvant chemotherapy-chemotherapy eqaliswa ngemva nje kokuhlinzwa ngokuzama ukubulala nanoma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Ukuphindaphindiwe Ngemva Kwesigaba I Ukwelapha I-Cancer Treatment
Ngisho nokuhlinzwa okuphumelelayo, isigaba somdlavuza we-pulmus 1 siphumelela endaweni yangakini noma kumasayithi akude cishe ingxenye yesithathu yeziguli. Uma isifo somdlavuza wesigaba se-1 sibuyele, enye inqubo yokuhlinzekwa ingase iphakanyiswe, noma iminye imithi yokwelapha nge-chemotherapy kanye nemisebe. Izilingo eziningana zokwelashwa ziyaqhubeka ukuhlola izinketho zokwelashwa ngemva kokuphindaphinda komdlavuza wamaphaphu okuqala.
Kulabo abaye baphuza esikhathini esidlule, kukhona ingozi yokuthuthukisa isisu sesibili esiyisisekelo esiphathelene nokubhema, kungaba emaphashini noma kwezinye izifunda zomzimba. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuphindaphinda komdlavuza wamaphaphu .
Isilinganiso sokusinda kanye nokubikezelwa kwesigaba I Cancer Lung
Isilinganiso seminyaka engu-5 sokusinda emdlalweni wesigaba 1 samaphaphu ngalesi sikhathi ngamaphesenti angu-49 esigaba sesigaba se-IA ne-45 sesigaba se-IB. Ucwaningo lwamuva lubonise izinga lokusinda emaphesenti angama-90 lapho isifo somdlavuza wamaphaphu sitholakala nge-CT ukuhlolwa, futhi ngethemba ukuthi izindlela zokuhlola zizokwenziwa ngokushesha ukuthuthukisa ukutholakala kokuqala kanye nokuphila okuphelele.
Ukubhekana
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukufunda okuningi ngesifo sakho ngangokunokwenzeka kungathuthukisa umphumela wakho. Buza imibuzo. Funa ukusekelwa kwabathandekayo futhi ubathinte ezinqumweni zakho zokunakekela. Thola iqembu lokusekela noma umphakathi wokusekela. Uma ungenayo iqembu lokusekela esifundeni sakho, kunemiphakathi eminingi yokusekela inthanethi esebenzayo kakhulu. Uma ufuna lezi, i-hashtag #LCSM imele umdlavuza wesifo samaphaphu emphakathini futhi ingakusiza ukuthola abanye ababhekene nesimo esifanayo. Funda ngezilingo zomtholampilo . Kodwa khumbula ukuthi izinqumo ozenzile zingeyakho yedwa, futhi labo abaseduze nawe badinga ukukusekela ohambweni lwakho.
Uma usanda kutholakala ukuthi ungase uzizwe ukhululekile. Thatha isikhashana ukubuka ngalezi zinyathelo zokuqala ozithatha uma usanda kutholakala unomdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Imithombo:
> I-American Cancer Society. I-Cancer Lung (I-Cell Non-Small.) I-Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Ukusinda Amanani nge Stage. 02/08/16. http://www.cancer.org/cancer/lungcancer-non-smallcell/detailedguide/non-sall-cell-lung-cancer-survival-rates
> Edge, S. et al (Eds.). I-AJCC Incwadi Yokusakaza Ngomdlavuza. I-7th Edition. Springer. ENew York, NY. 2010.
> Pennathur, A. et al. I-radiosurgery ye-stereotactic yokwelashwa kwesigaba 1 somdlavuza wesifo samangqamuzana ongewona omncane ezigulini ezinobungozi obuphezulu. I-Journal ye-Thoracic and Surgery Cardiovascular . 2009. 137 (3): 597-604.