Njengoba leli zwi lihamba: Izikhathi ezimbi zibiza izinyathelo ezimbi, futhi isibonelo sakamuva ukushada komntwana ngokweqile . Kuzingane kanye nentsha ekwazi ukuthola isigaba sokukhuluphala ngokweqile , ukwelashwa kokusetshenziswa kokugcina kuyadingeka kucatshangelwe: Ukuhlinzwa kweBariatric.
Ukuhlinzeka ngokuhlinzwa kwesisindo manje sekubhekwa njengengenelo efanelekayo kubantu abasha kakhulu abanobuhlungu obuhlobene nesisindo futhi bazama ezinye izindlela ukunciphisa isisindo isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha-kodwa bengaphumelelanga.
Ubufakazi bubonisa ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kungasiza lezi zingane zigweme izinkinga ezihlobene nokukhuluphala ngokweqile ezifana nesifo sikashukela, ukuphazamiseka kokuphefumula kwesifo sokulala, nomfutho wegazi ophezulu. Ucwaningo oluvela eSaudi Arabia lithola ukuthi izingane ezinama-obese, abaneminyaka engu-5 kuya ku-21 ubudala, ezathola ukuhlinzeka nge-bariatric zalahlekelwa ngamaphesenti angu-62 esisindo sabo ngokweqile ngemva kweminyaka emibili-futhi iningi lazo lixazulula ukungavamile kwegazi, ukucindezelwa kwegazi, izimpawu zokugula ze-apnea, nesifo sikashukela.
Noma kunjalo, naphezu kwalezi zinsuku ezifinyelelekayo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-bariatric ukuhlinzwa phakathi kwentsha kuye kwavela kusukela ngo-2003 e-US, ngokusho kocwaningo luka-2013. Izindleko nokufinyelela ekunakekelweni cishe kuzoba yizici ezibalulekile "ekusetshenzisweni okuphansi kwalokhu ukwelashwa okushintsha impilo ekuphileni kwamantombazane namantombazane asezingeni eliphansi lesimo sezenhlalakahle," kusho abacwaningi.
Izindlela ezehlukene zezingane ezihlukile
Kunezinqubo eziningi zokuhlinzeka nge-bariatric ezahlukene nokuthi yikuphi okungcono kakhulu kubantwana noma kwentsha engakaqunyiwe.
Ngomhlinzeko we-Roux-en-Y wesisu, udokotela ohlinzayo udala isikhwama esincane phezulu esiswini, esebenzisa okuyisisekelo sokudla, futhi ufaka isikhwama esikhwameni esincane samathumbu amancane. Lesi sikhwama singabamba ingxenyana kuphela kokudla okuvamile kwesisu, ngakho-ke kumphoqa umuntu ukuba adle ukudla okuncane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngoba ukudla okudliwayo kunciphisa ingxenye enkulu yesisu nesisu sangaphezulu, amakholori ambalwa athathwa ngokudla.
Ngomsebenzi wokubopha ngesisu esiswini, i-bandable silicone band ifakwe engxenyeni engenhla yesisu ukwenza isikhwama esincane; lokhu kunciphisa inani lokudla umuntu angadla futhi avuse imizwa yokugcwalisa ngokushesha. Yindlela encane engavumelani yokuhlinzeka nge-bariatric, futhi ayiphazamisi ukumuncwa komsoco ngendlela indlela yokuhlinzwa eyenziwa ngayo isisu. Ibhande lingashintshwa, lenze kube nzima noma likhululeke, ukuze lenze izidingo zokulahlekelwa kwesisindo somuntu siqu, futhi kungasuswa, uma kunesidingo.
I-laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy inciphisa ubukhulu besisu ngamaphesenti angama-75, ishiya "umkhono" omncane noma i-tube endaweni yayo; lokhu kunciphisa ukuthi kungakanani ukudla umuntu angadla ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngenxa yokuthi ayiqedi amathumbu, inqubo ayiphazamisi ukungena kwemithi-kodwa inganciphisa inani le-ghrelin, i-hormone yindlala, eyenziwa yisisu, ngaleyo ndlela inomthelela ekulahlekeni kwesisindo eside. Njengomsebenzi wokuhlinzwa we-gastric forpass, inqubo ayiguquki.
Izifundo zokuqala zithole lezi zinqubo ze-bariatric ziphephile futhi ziphumelele phakathi kwentsha, nemiphumela yesikhashana esifana nalabo phakathi kwabantu abadala.
Ngomhlahlandlela we-2014 wezinhlelo ezingu-345 kwabasha kanye nabantu abadala abasha, abacwaningi baseJalimane bathola ukuthi amasu okuhlinza kaningi kakhulu kulokhu kwakunomzimba wokugaya isisu kanye nesisu esiswini, okulandelwa yi-gastrectomy yomkhono. Ngemuva konyaka, i-gastric bypass yayikhiqize ukuncipha kwesisindo esikhulu emva kokuhlinzwa, kulandelwa umjoqo we-gastrectomy bese isisu sezinyosi-kodwa zonke izinqubo ezintathu zaholela ekulahlekelweni kwesisindo kanye nezinkinga ezimbalwa.
Isifundo se-2013 eNyuvesi yaseMiami School of Medicine sithole nokuthi izingane ezineminyaka engu-10 kuya ku-19 ezazithola ukuhlinzeka ngesisu ngokweqile kwaba nokuphindwe kabili kwesisindo sokulahlekelwa kwesisindo ngemuva konyaka njengalabo ababenokuhlinzwa okwenziwe nge-gastric band.
Phakathi naleso sikhathi, isifundo se-2012 esibhedlela i-Children's National Medical Center eWashington, DC, sathola ukuthi izingane ezinomsoco ezisheshayo zilahlekelwe ngamaphesenti angu-40 esisindo somzimba ngokweqile ngenxa ye-laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.
Ukukhathazeka okukhulu kwesithombe
Naphezu kwala mazinga okuphumelela, ukulandelwa kwesikhathi esigcwele ekuhlinzekeni kwe-bariatric ezinganeni nasebancane kuyasweleka. Okwamanje, ayikho indlela yokwazi okwenzekayo phakathi nenkathi yokuphila kubantwana abaye babhekana ne-bariatric ngoba lezi zinqubo azizange zitholakale esizukulwaneni sabazali bazo lapho beyizingane. Ukuthola ulwazi ngemiphumela yokuphumelela yesikhathi eside, izinga lokukhuluphala ngokweqile lokuphindaphinda, nezinhlobo zezinkinga ezingase zenzeke eminyakeni edlule (ngemuva kwakho konke, imizimba yabantwana isakhula) ibalulekile ekunqumeni ukuhlakanipha kokusebenzisa le nqubo kulabo abangekho mncane kakhulu ukuvota.
Kubalulekile futhi ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kwe-bariatric akuyona i-panacea yokukhuluphala kwengane. Njengabadala, ukuhlinzwa kwesisindo emantwaneni ekhululekile kuyingxenye yesisombululo. Labo abahambisana nale nqubo kudingeka badle imikhuba yokudla okunempilo kanye nokusebenza komzimba okuvamile. Uma kungenjalo, kungenzeka ukuthi bazuze ezinye noma ubuningi besisindo abalahlekile.
Imithombo:
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