Iyiphi i-laxative efanelekile kuwe?
Ama-laxatives amaningi atholakalayo njengemithi yokwelapha ngaphezulu (the-counter-the-counter (OTC), futhi abantu bavame ukuwasebenzisa kabi. Iningi labantu abasebenzisa i-laxatives abayidingi, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwamakhemikhali kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu yezempilo njengokwenyuka kwama-metabolites (usawoti womzimba), ukuphuma kwamanzi, ukulimala kwezinso ngisho nokufa.
Esikhundleni sokuthenga i-laxative engaphezu kwe-counter ukuze usize ngokuqokwa okuphakathi, kufanele uzame ukudla okuphezulu-fiber, ukudla okuneziketshezi, ukuzivocavoca njalo, futhi usebenzise ukuhlanzeka okuhlanzekile okugeza.
Ngokuqondile, kufanele usebenzise indlu yokugezela lapho uzwa isifiso futhi ubalekele "ukubambelela." Uma lezi zinyathelo zihluleka ukusebenza, kufanele uhlangane nodokotela ukuze uxoxe ngokusetshenziswa kwe-laxative ikakhulukazi uma uhlela ukuthatha imilayila okungaphezulu kosuku noma ezimbili.
Amakhemikhali angaphezu kwamakhomitha ahlukaniswa ngokulandela izindlela ezine eziyinhloko zokusebenza:
- okwenziwe ngobuningi
- izithambile ezithambile
- imiphumela ye-osmotic
- imiphumela evuselelayo
Inothi, ezinye zalezi zinhlayiya zisebenza ngenye inhlanganisela yalezi zindlela.
I-Laxatives yokuBumba
Njengoba igama labo libonisa, ama-laxatives akwenza ngobuningi asebenze ngokushaya phezulu kwesitokisi sakho. Lezi zinhlayiya zenziwe ngama-particle indigestible (colloid) athola amanzi. Uma ama-laxative amaningi enamanzi athatha amanzi, adala ukuhanjiswa kwesilwane kanye nokunyakaza kokuhamba kwamathumbu ngezingqamuzana zomzimba zomsakazo (peristalsis).
Amakhemikhali amaningi ayenziwa ngezitshalo zezihlahla ezifana ne-methylcellulose. Lapho amabhaktheriya ahlala emathunjini akho egawula lezi zindwangu zezitshalo, i-flatus eyengeziwe kanye nokubhuqa kungabangela.
Nazi ezinye izinhlayiya eziningi ezingaphezu kwe-counter:
- I-FiberCon (polycarbophil)
- I-Citrucel (methylcellulose)
- I-Metamucil (psyllium)
- I-Konsyl (psyllium)
Stool Softeners
Izitshalo zokugcoba ezitokisini noma izithambisi ezisebenzayo zisebenza ngokuvumela amanzi namafutha ukuba ahlukumeze isitoreji sakho futhi ngaleyo ndlela unciphise. Abathengisi bezitofu bangathathwa ngomlomo noma ngokweqile (cabanga nge-Fleet suppositories noma Fleet enemas).
Nazi ezinye zokunciphisa ezisezingeni eliphansi:
- I-colace (docusate)
- I-Surfak (docusate)
- I-Phillips 'Stool Softener Liquid Gels (docusate)
- amafutha amaminerali
- I-Pedia-lax (i-glycerin suppository)
Inothi, amafutha omsoco ngokuvamile asetshenziselwa ukugcoba isitoreji ezinganeni nakubantu abadala abakhubazekile. Ukuze kube mnandi, amafutha omsoco kudingeka ahlanganiswe nejusi. Ukwengeza, ama-docusate kanye ne-glycerin suppository ngokuvamile avunyelwe esibhedlela noma esibhedlela ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuqotshwa.
Sicela uhlale ukhumbule ukuthi ukusebenzisa isikhathi eside isikhathi sokunciphisa izitofu kungabangela ukutholakala kwamandla e-vitamin A, D, E kanye no-K (ama-fat-soluble).
Laxatives ezishukumisayo
Kuthiwa iqiniso, asiqondi kahle ukuthi ama-laxatives noma i-cathartics evuselela kanjani. Siyazi ukuthi bashukumisa ngokuqondile isimiso sezinzwa samathumbu kanye nokubangela uketshezi kwamanzi nge-colon.
Esikhathini esithile, odokotela banenkathazo yokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwe-laxatives eshukumisayo kungaholela ekuthembekeni kwesiguli kule mithi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, odokotela bakhathazekile ngokuthi laxative ingalimaza isimiso sezinzwa zamathumbu (i-plexus ye-myenteric).
Ucwaningo lwamuva, noma kunjalo, lubonisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwe-laxatives eshukumisayo cishe kuphephile.
Noma kunjalo, abantu abodwa okufanele bathathe lezi zinkinga ngezikhathi eside kukhona iziguli ezibhedlela noma iziguli ezisezindaweni zokunakekelwa isikhathi eside ezinokukhubazeka kwegazi futhi zingakwazi ukuhamba embhede.
Nazi ezinye zezibonelo ze-OTC ezixhumene namakhemikhali:
- I-Dulcolax (i-bisacodyl)
- Fleet bisacodyl
- I-Senokot (i-senna)
- i-cascara
- I-Ex-Lax (i-sennosides)
- u-castor oil
- i-aloe
Ama-Laxatives ase-Osmotic
I-laxatives yama-Osmotic yizinhlanganisela ezingenakubalwa nezinhlanganisela ezinomsoco ezidweba amanzi ama-fecal emgqonyeni nge-osmosis. Ngale ndlela, ama-osmotic laxatives agxilisa isitoreji sakho.
Nazi ezinye izibonelo ze-laxatives ezingaphezu kwe-counter-counter
- ubisi lwamagnesia (i-magnesium hydroxide)
- sorbitol
- MiraLax (polyethylene glycol)
Sicela uhlale ukhumbule ukuthi ama-laxatives asetshenziswe kangcono njengenkululeko yesikhashana, futhi kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuwasebenzisa. Ungalokothi unike ingane i-laxative ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wezingane kuqala.
Izwi elivela
Enye yezinto ezimbi kunazo zonke ongayenza ngama-laxatives ukuwasebenzisa njengendlela yokwelashwa yesikhathi eside isikhathi esiyinkinga yezokwelapha futhi ngaleyondlela ukufihla inkinga edinga ukunakwa ngokushesha. Isibonelo, umdlavuza wekolon ungabangela ukuqothulwa ngendlela yokuvimbela.
Sicela ugcine engqondweni ukuthi-njengoba nayo yonke imithi-kungcono ukuvimbela inkinga endaweni yokuqala kunokuthatha imithi yokwelapha. Uma uhlangabezana nokuqothulwa, kungumqondo omuhle ukuhlangana nodokotela wakho bese uxoxisana nokudla, uketshezi, ukuzivocavoca, nemikhuba yangasese. Izinguquko zokuphila zingasiza ekunciphiseni ukuqothulwa futhi zinciphise isidingo samakhemikhali.
> Imithombo:
> Acosta A, Tangalos EG, uHarari D. Ukuqokwa. Ku: Halter JB, Ouslander JG, Studenski S, High KP, Asthana S, Supiano MA, Ritchie C. eds. I-Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, i-7e eNew York, i-NY: i-McGraw-Hil
> McQuaid KR. Izidakamizwa ezisetshenziswa ekwelapheni kwezifo zesisu. Ku: Katzung BG, Trevor AJ. ama-eds. I-Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 13e . ENew York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2015.
> FDA. Sebenzisa ama-Laxatives athile ngokuqapha. Januwari 1, 2014. www.fda.gov.