I-Hepatitis A yisifo esithinta abantu abangaba ngu-32 000 njalo ngonyaka e-United States kanye nabantu abayizigidi ezingu-1.4 emhlabeni jikelele. Kuyadabukisa ukuthi abaningi kufanele bahlupheke ngenxa yalesi sifo ngenxa yokuthi isibindi esingu-A sitholakala ngokuphelele. Uma wonke umuntu egeza izandla njalo futhi efinyelela emanzini ahlanzekile, abantu bebenganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokutheleleka futhi isifo sofuba se-A esingaba yisifo esingavamile kakhulu.
Kodwa-ke, sinezinto ezingavimbela ngokuphelele ukushisa kwesifo sofuba A: ukugoma kwesifo se-hepatitis A. Ngokugoma, ungakwazi ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kusukela ekuqaleni.
Kuyini Isifo Sokukhulelwa Kwesifo Se-Hepatitis A?
Umuthi wokugoma we-Hepatitis A uyilungiselelo eliphephile futhi elisebenzayo elenza "amasosha" amasosha omzimba wakho ekwakheni ukuvikela okunamandla, kwemvelo kuma-virus we-hepatitis A. Umgomo uwenza lokhu ngokusebenzisa ama-virus angenayo i-hepatitis A eyenza izimpendulo zamasosha omzimba emzimbeni. "Iqhinga" ukuthi umzimba wakho awuqapheli umehluko phakathi kwamagciwane angasebenzi futhi uphile amagciwane. Umzimba wakho "uzovuselela" amasosha omzimba njengenjini enamandla futhi uqale ukukhiqiza izifo ezithathelwanayo ngokumelene namagciwane angasebenzi. Lezi zinselo zomzimba zizoqala ukubuka noma yikuphi igciwane le-hepatitis A elingangena emzimbeni wakho esikhathini esizayo futhi lizohlala lilungele futhi lilindele ukuxwayisa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela uma kukhona okutholakele.
Kunemigomo emibili efana ne-hepatitis A ekhona kubantu base-United States: i-HAVRIX ne-VAQTA.
Zombili zitholakalayo kunoma ubani oneminyaka eneminyaka ubudala noma ngaphezulu futhi zidinga amanani amabili. Udinga umthamo owodwa ukuze "uhloniphe" umzimba wakho futhi, phakathi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha no-12, udinga umthamo wesibili ozohlinzeka ngomzimba wangempela ku-hepatitis A. Kukhona omunye umgomo, i-TWINRIX, kodwa umgomo wokugoma ovikela isifo sofuba A ne- hepatitis B.
Kudinga amanani amathathu futhi kuvunyelwe kuphela abantu abaneminyaka engu-18 ubudala nangaphezulu. Zonke izigciwane ze-hepatitis A zinikela ngokuzivikela okuzohlala iminyaka engama-25 kulabo abagonywe njengabantu abadala kanye naphakathi kweminyaka engu-14-20 kulabo abagonywe njengezingane.
Ingabe Kufanele Ugonywe?
Iningi labantu lizozuza ngokugonywa. Kodwa-ke, abantu abasengozini enkulu yokutheleleka kwe-hepatitis A bakhuthazwa kakhulu ukuba bagonywe.
Izincomo zanamuhla yizikhungo zokulawulwa nokuvimbela izifo yizi:
- Zonke izingane ezineminyaka engu-1 ubudala.
- Abantu abaya ezweni eliphethe izinga eliphezulu lokutheleleka kwesifo sohlobo lwe-hepatitis A.
- Amadoda axhumana nocansi namanye amadoda.
- Abantu abasebenzisa izidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni.
- Abantu abanesifo esingelapheki sesibindi, kuhlanganise ne-hepatitis B noma i-hepatitis C.
- Abantu abaphathwa nge-clotting factor bagxila.
- Abantu abasebenza nezilwane abane-hepatitis A.
- Abantu abasebenza esibhedlela se-hepatitis A.
- Noma ubani ongathanda ukuzivikela omzimba
Abanye abantu akufanele bagonywe nge-hepatitis A. Lezi zihlanganisa izinsana ezingaphansi komnyaka owodwa ubudala kanye nabantu abaye babhekana nesifo esibi kakhulu ekugonyeni kwe-hepatitis A. Futhi, nakuba kuphephile, cishe akudingekile kunoma ubani owake waba nesifo sofuba A ukuze athole umgomo wokugoma i-hepatitis A ngoba uma usuphethe isifo sokushisa esibhedlela A, kufanele ube nomzimba omzimba.
Kodwa-ke, kudingeka uqiniseke ukuthi une-hepatitis A. Ngezinye izikhathi abantu badidanisa uhlobo olulodwa lwe-hepatitis ye-viral kanye nomunye noma abaqondi kahle imiphumela yokuhlolwa abayitholile. Kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho ukuze uqiniseke.
Ingabe Lesi Sifo Sivikelekile?
Yebo. Umuthi wokugoma we-hepatitis A uthathwa ukuthi uphephile futhi unikezwe izigidi zezikhathi. Umphumela ovame kakhulu ohlangothini lwe-soreness ezungeze endaweni yomjovo kanye nemiphumela emibi kakhulu engavamile kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuthi isebenzisa amagciwane angasebenzi, umuthi wokugoma we-hepatitis A awukwazi ukubangela ukutheleleka futhi kubhekwa uphephile owesifazane okhulelwe nabantu abaye banciphisa amasosha omzimba (isibonelo, umuntu one-HIV).
Abantu abakhathazekile ngokuthi imithi yokugoma idala ezinye izinkinga zempilo, njenge-autism kanye nokuchayeka kwe-mercury, kufanele bazi ukuthi ukugonywa kwe-hepatitis A akuqukethe i-Thimerosal (isilondolozi samakhemikhali esithathwa yiziphakamiso ezithile ezihlobene ne-autism) futhi azixhunyiwe kunoma yiziphi izinkinga zezokwelapha ngaphandle kokuphendula okungavamile okwejwayelekile.
Kuyini IG?
I-immune globulin, ebizwa nangokuthi i-IG, iyindlela yokwelapha okugoma esebenzisa ama-antibodies esikhundleni sama-virus. Lolu hlobo lwegciwane lesandulela ngculazi lubizwa ngokuthi ingculazi engavamile ngoba ihlinzeka ngokuvikeleka ngaphandle kokuthi umzimba wakho wenze noma yini. Ezimweni zokuchayeka okungaziwa noma ukuhamba kanzima ngaphambi kokuba wonke umgomo uphelelwe, ukuvikeleka okungcono kwabanye abantu kungase kube kokuthola umgomo wokugoma i-immune globulin kanye ne-hepatitis A. Abanye kufanele bathole eyodwa kuphela noma enye. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuze ubone ukuthi uvumelana nalezi zimo.
- Ukuze uthole olunye ulwazi mayelana ne-immune globulin, funda Yini i-Immune Globulin?
- Ukuze uthole olunye ulwazi mayelana nokuthi ubani okufanele athole i-globulin ye-immune, funda i- Immune Globulin ye-Hepatitis A.
Ngingahlala Kuphi I-Vaccinated for Hepatitis A?
Noma yimuphi umhlinzeki wezokwelapha angakunikela nge-hepatitis A. Nokho, lokhu cishe kulula ukwenza emtholampilo wezempilo noma emtholampilo wempilo oyinhloko. Iminyango yezempilo yomuzi noma yesifundazwe ivame ukuhlinzeka ngemitholampilo yokugoma okungenzeka ibe mahhala noma idinga kuphela ukukhokhwa okuncane.
Imithombo:
> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. NgoJuni 23, 2008. I-Hepatitis A.
> Pickering, LK (ed), I-Red Book: Umbiko weKomidi yezifo ezithathelwanayo , 26 e. I-American Academy of Pediatrics, 2003. 311-318.