I-hepatitis A i-immune globulin (IG) iqukethe izifo ezivikela umzimba wakho kusuka esibhedlela se-hepatitis A. Kufana nomuthi wokugoma we-hepatitis A ngoba ungavimbela lesi sifo ukuba singaqhubeki, kodwa sisebenza ngokuhluke kakhulu. I-IG ingamphathisa umuntu osanda kuvezwa esibhedlela i-hepatitis A ukuze igciwane livele lidale ukutheleleka okuncane, noma okungcono, ukuvimbela lesi sifo ngokuphelele.
IG ingasetshenziswa futhi ukuvimbela ukutheleleka.
Ngubani osemngciphekweni we-Hepatitis A?
I-IG Ngaphambi Kokutholakala Kwesifo Se-Hepatitis A
Uma ungakaze ube nesikhathi sokuthola umgomo wokugula we-Hepatitis A, futhi uhlele ukuhamba ezweni lapho i-hepatitis A isifo noma indawo lapho kuqubuke khona isifo se-hepatitis A, ungathatha i-IG ukuvikelwa okwesikhashana. Lokhu kubizwa nge-preexposure immunoprophylaxis. Kodwa-ke, njengoba i-IG izokunika izinyanga ezi-3 zokuvikelwa, isu elingcono ukusebenzisa i-IG kanye nokugoma kwesifo se-hepatitis A. Kubantu abangenazo izinkinga zempilo eziphakathi kweminyaka engama-1 no-40 ubudala, umthamo owodwa wokugoma i-hepatitis A noma nini ngaphambi kokuhamba ukwanele.
Kodwa kulaba bantu abalandelayo, kufanele ube nomgomo wokuqala we-HAV nomjovo we-IG: labo asebekhulile kunama-40, labo abane-immune system, labo abanezifo ezinamandla zesibindi noma esinye isimo esingathí sina esingapheli. Kufanele uthole le ndlela yokuvikela kabili uma uhamba phakathi kwamasonto amabili ukuvakasha kukadokotela wakho.
Ingxenye yesibili yokugoma kumele unikezwe uma ubuyela ekuhambeni kwakho ukuvikela isikhathi eside. Le nhlanganisela izokunika ukuvikelwa okusheshayo okuhlala iminyaka engaba ngu-20.
I-dose ephakanyisiwe yokudalwa kwangaphambili ingu-0.02 mL we-IG ngayinye kilogram yesisindo somzimba. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu olinganisa amapounds angu-100 udinga cishe 0.9 mL we-IG.
Uma uhambo olude, umthamo ophakeme ungadingeka.
IG Ngemuva kwe-Hepatitis A Exposure
Uma wazi ukuthi utholakale ku-hepatitis A, ungasiza ukuzivikela ngokuthatha umjovo we-IG noma we-hepatitis A. Le thérapiya ibizwa ngokuthi i-postexposure immunoprophylaxis futhi ingasiza ekunciphiseni ukutheleleka noma ngisho nokuvimbela ukutheleleka ngokuphelele. Isikhathi sakho sinquma ukuthi kufanele uthathe igciwane noma IG.
- Izingane ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa ubudala kufanele zisebenzise i-IG.
- Abantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-12, kodwa abaneminyaka engama-40 ubudala noma abancane (futhi abanakho izimo zezokwelapha ezingapheli) kufanele bathole ukugonywa kwe-hepatitis A esikhundleni se-IG.
- Abantu abaneminyaka engu-41 noma ngaphezulu, i-IG ikhethwa.
- Abantu abaye banciphisa amasosha omzimba (ngenxa yokufakelwa komzimba noma izifo ezinjengomdlavuza noma i-AIDS) noma isifo esingenasifo sesibindi noma isifo sokugoma kufanele sisebenzise i-IG.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha i-IG engakapheli amasonto amabili kunoma yikuphi ukuvezwa kwesifo sofuba. Uma kuthathwa phakathi nalesi sikhathi, i-IG ingavimbela izimpawu ezikhula ngama-85% wesikhathi. I-postexposure immunoprophylaxis ye-IG ingu-0.02 mL we-IG ngayinye kilogram yesisindo somzimba. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu olinganisa amapounds angu-100 udinga cishe 0.9 mL we-IG.
Kunezimo eziningi lapho ungavezwa khona ku-Hepatitis A, njenge:
- Ukuhlala nomuntu one-hepatitis A
- Ukulala ocansini nomuntu one-hepatitis A
- Ukukwabelana ngezidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni nomuntu one-hepatitis A
- Ukusebenza esikhungweni sokunakekela izingane okubandakanya ukuqinisekiswa kwe-hepatitis A
- Ukutholakala nesifo sofuzo esibhedlela i-hepatitis A
Ingabe IG for Hepatitis A Safe?
Yebo, i-IG ye-hepatitis A iphephile kakhulu. Imiphumela emibi kakhulu yilezi zibuhlungu futhi zinganaki esakhiweni somjovo, umkhuhlane we-low-grade, ubuhlungu bekhanda, ama-chill kanye ne-nausea. Izinkinga ezinkulu zingavamile kodwa zingabandakanya ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphefumula ubunzima, kanye ne-anaphylaxis. I-IG iphephile ngokuphelele kwabesifazane abakhulelwe noma bancelisa.
Imithombo:
> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. NgoJuni 23, 2008. I-Hepatitis A.
> Pickering, LK (ed), I-Red Book: Umbiko weKomidi yezifo ezithathelwanayo , 26 e. I-American Academy of Pediatrics, 2003. 311-318.