Izifo ezine-tapeworms ziyingozi yokudla okungenakusihlwa noma inyama eluhlaza noma inhlanzi
Ukutheleleka okuningi ngamathepompi, okubizwa nangokuthi i-taeniasis, kuvela ekudleni okuphekiwe noma inyama eluhlaza, ingulube noma inhlanzi. Isizathu sesibili esivamile kakhulu lapho umuntu ogulayo ehambisa lesi sifo kwabanye. Lokhu kungenzeka, ngokwesibonelo, ngokungahlambi izandla kahle emva kokuya endlini yokugezela bese upheka ukudla. Abantu abahlala eduze nemfuyo noma izilwane ezihamba ngokukhululekile kanye / noma abanokuhlanzeka okungcolile banomngcipheko omkhulu wokuthuthukisa ukutheleleka komthamo.
Ukutheleleka kwezifo kuvame kakhulu ezindaweni ezisathuthuka zomhlaba lapho ukungcola kuhlwempu futhi abantu bangadla inyama engadliwayo. Ngakho-ke, ukuhamba kulezi zindawo kungenye into engozini, futhi ukwelapha ukutheleleka ngemuva kokuxilongwa kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukusabalalisa okuqhubekayo.
Indlela Ukugula Kuqala Ngayo
Amaproteworms avame ukubhekwa uhlobo lwenyama abayilwelisayo: i-Taenia saginata ( inkomishi yenkomo yenkomo), i- Taenia solium (i- pigpew tapeworm), ne- Taenia asiatica (i-Asian tapeworm, ephethe ingulube). I-Diphyllobothrium latum wuhlobo lwe-tapeworm ebanzi ehlasela inhlanzi yamanzi ahlanzekile. E-United States, ukudluliselwa kwe-ingulube yengulube ( T solium) ukukhathazeka kakhulu phakathi kwabokufika kwakamuva. Ukutheleleka ngalokhu kubonakala kungabangela isifo esibucayi sobuchopho okuthiwa i-neurocysticercosis.
Ama-tapeworms aqala umjikelezo wokuphila njengeqanda. Amaqanda angaphila ngaphandle kwesibhamu somuntu noma isilwane izinsuku noma izinyanga futhi angangcolisa ukondla noma izimila, okungase kudliwe yimfuyo (izingulube noma izinkomo).
Amaqanda aqhekeka ngaphakathi kwesilwane bese kuthi amancane amancane (ama-cysticerci) asuka emathunjini abe yizicubu zomzimba.
I-Cysticerci ingaphila ezilwaneni zomzimba wezilwane iminyaka eminingi. Uma isilwane sesivunwa futhi sidliwa ngabantu ngaphandle kokupheka ngokugcwele ukuze sibulale amathinteli, i-cysticerci engenayo ingathatha indawo yokuhlala emathunjini omuntu.
Kuthatha izinyanga ezimbili ukuba i-cysticerci ikhule ibe ngumthamo omdala lapho ihlala emathunjini omuntu. Umcibisholo omdala uhambisana nodonga lwesitho samathumbu futhi ungaphila lapho iminyaka eminingi (isikhathi esingangeminyaka engama-30). I-tapeworm yabantu abadala iveza amaprottidi, okuyingxenye yesidumbu esinamalungu okuzala nabesilisa. I-proglottids ikhulelwe amaqanda futhi ihlukana nombungu wayo womzali, okwamanje uhlala emathunjini. Isibungu esikhulelwe siyadlula ohlelweni lokugaya nokuphuma kwe-anus ngokunyakaza kwesisu.
Ngemuva kokushiya isidumbu ngesigqoko, amaqanda amaphepheni akhululwa, lapho angakhanjiswa khona ngesilwane noma umuntu, aqale inqubo futhi.
Ukwelashwa Kusuka Kudla
Indlela eyinhloko abantu abangayibamba ngayo i-tapeworm ivela ekudleni inyama, ingulube, noma izinhlanzi ezitheleleke ngamathpomms. Uma isilwane sitheleleke inyama izoba ne-larva noma amaqanda.
Ngesikhathi ukupheka kahle kanye / noma ukudla okuphefumulayo kungabulala ama-tapeworms, uma kunqunywe ukuthi kunqunywe inyama kunoma yimiphi i-pathogen inkambo engcono kakhulu yokwenza ukuyilahla. Ukupheka ukudla kusiza kakhulu ukunciphisa ingozi yokuthi iqukethe noma yiziphi izidumbu eziphilayo, kodwa inyama eluhlaza, izinkukhu, nezinhlanzi zivela ngaphandle kokuvikeleka okunjalo nokuzidla kufanele zigweme.
Inhlanzi ehlanjwe ngaphansi
Imiphongolovu ebanzi ethinta izinhlanzi ivame ukutholakala ezinhlobonhlobo zamanzi ahlanzekile njenge-salmon, i-trout, i-perch, ne-pike ekhonjiwe. Izinhlanzi ezikhethiwe, ukubhema, noma "okusawoti okuncane" angeke ziphekwe noma ziphathwe ngendlela ezobulala lezi ziphephelo. Ukwelashwa ngaloluhlobo lwe-tapeworm luvame ukutholakala ezinhlanzi ezisuka eNyakatho yezwe.
Ukudla Lapho Uhamba
Ukuya emazweni angathuthuki kungase kubeke abagibeli engozini yokuthola amathebula ngoba ukutheleleka kuvame kakhulu ngaphandle kwe-United States. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inhlanzi kanye nezinyama ziphekwe kahle kanti nezinye ukudla (ngisho nezithelo nemifino) zilungiselelwa ngamanzi abilayo noma aphethwe ngamakhemikhali ukuze abulale amagciwane.
Uma unokungabaza kwakho, gwema isidlo.
Ukutheleleka Kubantu
Abantu bangasenwa yi-tapeworms ngokusebenzisa abanye abantu, nakuba lokhu kungavamile. Umuntu othelelekile uzothatha amaqanda avela ku-tapeworm ezitheni zawo. Uma umuntu othelelekile ethinta isisindo sakhe ngesikhathi sokunyakaza kwamathumbu, faka amaqanda angase avuleke ezandleni zawo bese esethunyelwa kwezinye izindawo noma ukudla.
Ukuhlanza izandla ngokusanhlamvu ngamanzi ashisayo kungasusa lawo maqanda, kodwa uma umuntu ongenalo igciwane (noma engakwazi) ukwenza lokho ngemuva kokuya endlini yokugezela, angasakaza amaqanda kwabanye abantu.
Ukuvimbela
Ungathatha izinyathelo zokubulala ama-tapeworms uma ubeka mahhala futhi upheke ukudla kwakho.
Ukudla
Ukupheka ukudla ngokufanele futhi ukuwashisa ngesikhathi sokushisa okufaneleko kungasiza ukubulala noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka okungase kube khona. Inyama kufanele iphekwe kuze kube yilapho isikhungo singasona pink futhi ama-juice asebenza kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvumela ukuphumula inyama okungenani imizuzu emithathu ngaphambi kokuyikhonza kuyosiza futhi ukubulala noma yiziphi iziphephelo ngoba inyama iyaqhubeka nokupheka ngenkathi iphumula.
I-FDA iphakamisa le mihlahlandlela:
- Ukufisa inyama noma ingulube ku--4 degrees F (-20 degrees C) izinsuku ezingu-7
- Ukupheka inyama kanye nezinkukhu endaweni yokushisa kwangaphakathi okungenani ama-degree degrees F (71 degrees C)
- Ukupheka ukusikwa konke kwenyama kuya ekushiseni okungaphakathi okungenani ama-degree degrees F (cishe ama-degree ayi-63 C)
Inhlanzi
Inhlanzi kufanele iphekwe kuze kube yilapho ikhanya futhi ingumbala oqinile. I-FDA incoma ukuthi izinhlanzi kufanele ziphekwe nokushisa kwangaphakathi kwama-degree degrees F (cishe ama-degrees C 63). Ukufiphaza okungenani ama-degree angu -4 (-20 degrees C) ngesonto (izinsuku ezingu-7) kuzophinde kubulale amathinteli. Amazinga okushisa aphansi angasetshenziswa isikhathi esifushane sokubulala ama-tapeworm, kuhlanganise:
- Ukuqhwaza kuze kufike ku--31 degrees F (-35 degrees C) noma ngaphansi, bese ugcina kule lokushisa noma ngezansi amahora angu-15
- Ukuqhwaza kuze kufike ku--31 degrees F--35 degrees C bese ugcina amahora angu-24 nge--4 degrees (-20 degrees C)
> Imithombo:
> I-Global Health - I-Division of Diasitic Illness. "I-Diphyllobothrium latum (nezinye izinhlobo ze-FAQ)." Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. 10 Jan 2012.
> I-Global Health - I-Division of Diasitic Illness. "Imibuzo ye-Taeniasis". Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. 10 Jan 2013.
> I-Global Health - I-Division of Diasitic Illness. "I-Taeniasis Biology." Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. 10 Jan 2013.
> UMnyango wezeMpilo waseMelika kanye nezinsizakalo zabasebenzi. "Ukuphatha Ukudla Okuphephile: Okudingeka Ukwazi." Ukuphathwa Kwezokudla Nezidakamizwa zase-US ngo-30 Nov 2017.