I-brronchitis ibangelwa ukuvuvukala kwe-bronchi, okuyizingxenye ezithinta umoya lapho uphefumulela ngaphakathi nangaphandle.
Ukuvuvukala okwesikhashana kwe-bronchi, echazwa ngokuthi i-bronchitis enzima , ivame ukubangelwa ukutheleleka. Ukuvuvukala isikhathi eside kwe-bronchi, echazwa ngokuthi i-bronchitis engapheli , ibangelwa ukuvuvukala okuvamile kwe-bronchi, ngokuvamile ngenxa yokubhema noma ezinye izimo ezivuthayo.
Izimbangela ezivamile
Ukuvuvukala kwe-bronchitis eyingozi futhi engapheli kuvimbela umoya ukuba ungene futhi uphume emaphashini ngendlela efanele. Umoya kufanele uhambe nge-bronchi ngaphambi kokuba ufike emaphashini. Nge-bronchitis, le migudu ayifuni futhi ibanzi njengoba kufanele ibe. Esikhundleni salokho, i-bronchi igcwala izinto zokuvuvukala, okuyinhloko eyenziwe ngokuhlanganiswa kwamaseli omzimba namasamu.
Isivimbelo sokuqothulwa kwesibhamu yisizathu esenza abantu abane-bronchitis bahlangane nokuphefumula nokuphefumula. Ukukhwehlela kuwumzamo womzimba wokuziqeda ukuvuvukala kanye ne-mucus kanye ne-irritants ohlelweni lokuphefumula. Kunciphisa ukuthunyelwa kwe-oxygen emzimbeni, futhi kunciphise amandla, landela.
I-bronchitis enempilo futhi engapheli nayo yonke ibonakala ngokuvuvukala okuvimbela ukuhamba kwemimoya. Izimbangela ezibangela ukuvuvukala zihlukile ku-bronchitis enamandla kanye ne-bronchitis engapheli.
I-brronchitis enamandla
I-bronchitis ejwayelekile ibangelwa ukutheleleka okubandakanya i-bronchi. Okuvamile kunazo zonke izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane nezifo. Izifo ze-Fungal zesimiso sokuphefumula zingabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu be-bronchitis.
Lokhu kungenzeka uma unesifo esithathela isikhathi eside, uma unezifo ezifayo esikhathini esifushane, noma uma amasosha omzimba wakho ebuthakathaka.
Ngokuvamile akukho incazelo ecacile yokuthi kungani ukutheleleka kokuphefumula kuhilela i-bronchi, futhi ukuba ne-bronchitis enzima akusho ukuthi isimiso somzimba wakho samasosha omzimba sibuthakathaka.
I-bronchitis enamandla ingase ivele futhi uma uye waba nokuchayeka okukodwa noma okuphindaphindiwe okufinyeleleka kwesikhashana emithonjeni ye-inhalants yemvelo, njengokungathi imfucumfucu noma amakhemikhali angabangela ukusabela okuvuthayo.
I-brronchitis engapheli
I-bronchitis engapheli ikhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokuvamile, i-bronchi yonakaliswa uma ivuliwe kumakhemikhali aphethwe ngoba amakhemikhali adinga ukudlula nge-bronchi. Lokhu kuveza ukusabela okuvuthayo kwe-bronchi. Ukuvuvukala kuyaqhubeka futhi kwakha phezu kwesikhathi, okuholela ekubeni khona okuqhubekayo kwe-mucus, amangqamuzana avuthayo, futhi mhlawumbe ukunciphisa noma ukuqina.
Ukubhema, okucasula i-bronchi, yiyona imbangela evame kakhulu ye-bronchitis engapheli, kodwa ukuvezwa isikhathi eside kwezinye izinambuzane kungabangela. Isibonelo, abantu abaphefumula emisebe enobuthi emsebenzini bangakha i-bronchitis engapheli.
I-bronchitis enamandla ngokuvamile ayicatshangelwa ukuthi ibangele i-bronchitis engapheli. Uma une-bronchitis engelapheki, kungenzeka ukuthi kungenzeka ube nesifo sofuba esinamandla uma unesifo sokuphefumula. Uma une-bronchitis engelapheki, iziqephu zakho ze-bronchitis ezinzima zingase zinde isikhathi eside kunokuba zingathanda uma ungenayo i-bronchitis engapheli.
Imiphumela yesikhashana ye-bronchitis enamandla ingenza izimpawu ze-bronchitis ezingapheli zibuhlungu nakakhulu, zikhwehlela kakhulu, zikhwehlela futhi zifubeni.
I-Genetics
Ngokuvamile, i-bronchitis ayibhekwa njengesimo sezakhi zofuzo, nakuba kubonakala sengathi kunezinto eziphilayo ezibuthakathaka ezibonakalayo ekuthuthukiseni i-bronchitis enamandla futhi engapheli. I-bronchitis engapheli, ikakhulukazi, ibonakala igijima emindenini.
Akucaci ukuthi lokhu kuhlobene yini nezici zokuphila ezihlanganyelwe, ukuvezwa kwemvelo okuvamile , noma ukutholakala kokuzalwa komzimba okubangelwa yi-bronchitis. Ucwaningo oluningi luye lwazama ukuthola izakhi zofuzo ezihambisana nalezi zimo, kodwa ayikho impendulo ecacile mayelana nephethini ethize noma ifa le-bronchitis.
I-cardiovascular
Kukhona imiphumela yempilo ye-bronchitis enzima. Isifo senhliziyo asibangeli ukuqhuma kwe-bronchitis. Izimo zenhliziyo ezihlotshaniswa nokuphefumula, ezifana nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo , zingenza izimpawu ze-bronchitis engapheli, ngisho ne-bronchitis enamandla, ukukhubaza okuningi.
Izifo ezibangelwa yi-congenital yenhliziyo noma isimiso sephalenda, ngokufanayo, zingacindezela ezinye izimpawu ze-bronchitis uma i-bronchitis iqala ezinye izizathu.
Izindlela Zengozi Yokuphila
Kunezici eziningi zokuphila ezifaka isandla kokubili kwe-bronchitis engapheli futhi enzima. Ngenxa yokuthi amathuba akho okuthola i-bronchitis enyukayo enyuka uma une-bronchitis engelapheki, izici zokuphila ezenza ukuba i-bronchitis engapheli zihlobene ngokuqondile nangama-bronchitis anzima.
I-bronchitis engapheli ihlobene kakhulu nezindlela zokuphila. Ukuvezwa okuphindaphindiwe okuphindaphindiwe kwe-irritants engatholakali, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yenziwe ngamabomu noma ngenxa yezimo, yiyona nkinga enkulu engozini.
- Ukubhema: Ukubhema kuyimbangela ehamba phambili ye-bronchitis engapheli. Ama-cigarettes namanje umkhiqizo ovame kakhulu ukubhema, kodwa amapayipi nezinye izinhlayiya namadivaysi lapho abantu abhema khona nabo kungenzeka babangele ukusabela okungapheli okuvuvukala. Uhlobo ngalunye lwezinto ezibhemayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ugwayi noma yikuphi okunye okubonakalayo, kubangela ukulimala ku-bronchi, ukuvuvukala, ukukhipha imfucuza, nokuvimbela.
- Ama-inhalants we-Chemical: Ukuvama okuvame futhi okuvame ukugxila emakhemikhali aphethwe umoya emoyeni kungabangela ukushona kwe-bronchitis. Lokhu kuvame ukubonakala esimweni sokusebenza. Abantu abangase bavezwe kulezi ziphuzo bayelulekwa ukuba bagqoke izimoto ezivikela ukunciphisa izingozi. Yiqiniso, ukungena kwezimali kulelo gear nokuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi yokugqoka okuvikelayo kulula ukuthola labo abanemithombo.
- Ukungcola: Ukuvezwa kokungcola , ngokungafani nokuchazwa kwezidakamizwa eziseduze, kuthinta abantu abahlala eduze kwamazinga aphezulu okungcola. Lokhu kungahle kuhlotshaniswe namakhemikhali emafrijini aseduzane, imfucumfucu yemoto, impahla yokuchitha imfucuza, noma ezinye izinkinga ezihleliwe.
- Imvelo yasemadolobheni: Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuthi abantu abahlala ezindaweni zasemadolobheni baningi amathuba okubhedlela ngenxa ye-bronchitis. Ngenkathi lokhu kungase kube okungenani okuhlobene nokufinyeleleka ekunakekelweni kwezempilo ezindaweni ezihlala emadolobheni, kubonakala sengathi izilungiselelo zasemadolobheni ngokwazo zingafaka abantu engozini enkulu ye-bronchitis ngenxa yokungena kwe-inhalant.
I-bronchitis enamandla
- Ukuhlanzeka: Amathuba okugula nge-bronchitis enyukayo ekhuphuka uma utholakala kuma-bacteria noma ama-virus abangela ukutheleleka kokuphefumula. Ngenkathi sonke sibhekwa kulezi zinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo njalo, izinyathelo ezifana nokugeza izandla nokugwema ukungena emathonjeni okuphefumula ngokusebenzisa ukukhwehlela kwabanye abantu nokukloloda kunganciphisa amathuba akho okuthola ukutheleleka kokuphefumula okuqhubekayo ukuze kube yi-bronchitis enzima. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma une-bronchitis engelapheki, njengoba i-bronchitis enzima kakhulu ingaba nzima kakhudlwana kumuntu one-bronchitis engapheli.
> Imithombo:
> Bai L, Su X, Zhao D. Ukuvezwa kokungcola komoya okuhlobene nomgwaqo kanye ne-bronchitis enzima ezinganeni: inkathi kanye nobudala njengama-modifiers. J Epidemiol Umphakathi Wempilo. 2018 May; 72 (5): 426-433. doi: 10.1136 / jech-2017-209948. Epub 2018 Feb
> Raju SV, uTate JH, Peacock SK. Impact ye-heterozygote ukuguquka kwe-CFTR ku-COPD iziguli ezine-bronchitis engapheli. I-Respir Res. 2014 Feb 11; 15: 18. i-doi: 10.1186 / 1465-9921-15-18.