Lawa ma-subtypes amabili e-COPD avame ukuhlangana
Abantu abaningi abaye bathola ukuthi bane-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) bazibuza ukuthi umehluko ukhona phakathi kwe- bronchitis engapheli ne- emphysema .
I-bronchitis engapheli kanye ne-emphysema yizinsizakalo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze- COPD- nakuba manje nje "i-COPD" yigama elikhethwa ukuxilongwa ngabantu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bahloliswe yini ngaphambi kokuqhathaniswa kwe-bronchitis ne-emphysema.
Ngezinye izikhathi, kunzima ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwama-subtypes amabili, ikakhulukazi ngoba ngokuvamile bahlala kumuntu ofanayo futhi bobabili babangela ukuphefumula.
I-Bronchitis engapheli ne-Emphysema
Omunye umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-bronchitis engapheli kanye ne-emphysema ukuthi i-bronchitis engapheli ibhekisela ekuxilongweni kwezempilo-umuntu ophethe ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo ngokukhiqiza okuyizinsuku zonke okungenani izinyanga ezintathu, iminyaka emibili ngokulandelana. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-emphysema yigama elibhekisela emonakalweni wangempela kumasaka emoyeni emaphashini, okuthiwa i-alveoli. Ngamanye amazwi, i-emphysema iyigama le-pathological.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuxilongwa kwe-bronchitis engapheli kanye ne-emphysema kudinga umlando wezokwelapha ngokuphelele, ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kanye nokuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-spirometry, okukala ukuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani. I-spirometry ingenziwa ehhovisi likadokotela wakho futhi ilula futhi kulula, efuna ukuba uphefumule ngomlomo.
Okuningi ku-Bronchitis Engapheli
I-bronchitis engapheli ibangela ukuvuvukala, noma ukucasuka, ku-bronchioles yamaphaphu. Ama-bronchioles axhuma i-trachea, noma i-windpipe, emaphashini futhi asetshenziselwa ukuthwala umoya nokuphuma emaphashini.
Lokhu ukucasula kubangela inani elikhudlwana le-mucus enzima emaphashini okuthi, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, aphazamise ukuphefumula.
Umzimba uphendula ngalesi sikhukhula ngokukhiqiza ukukhwehlela emzamweni wokusula imimoya yomoya.
Ngenxa yokuthi i-mucus (ebizwa nangokuthi i-phlegm noma i-sputum) iningi kakhulu futhi inzima, ngokuvamile kunzima kumuntu one-bronchitis engapheli ukuyixosha. Yingakho umuntu one-bronchitis engapheli ehlangana nokukhwehlela nsuku zonke isikhathi eside (izinyanga ezintathu noma ngaphezulu, iminyaka emibili elandelana). Lokhu kusihlukanisa nokukhwabanisa okukhulu.
Ukwengeza, inqwaba ye-mucus ebanzi yenza amaphaphu abe indawo ephelele ukuze amabhaktheriya aphumelele. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ama-bacterial lung infections phakathi kwabantu abane-bronchitis engavamile ayavamile futhi evamile.
Izimpawu ze-bronchitis engapheli zihlanganisa:
- ukukhwehlela up mucus ocacile noma omhlophe
- ukukhathala
- ukuzwa ukuphefumula
- ukuhlukumeza esifubeni noma ukuqina
I-bronchitis engapheli ibangelwa ukubhema ugwayi, ukubhema komsizi , nokungcola komoya .
Okuningi ku-Emphysema
I-Emphysema ibhekisela emonakalweni nasekubhujisweni okwenziwe ezindongeni ze-alveoli, izindawo ezincane zomoya emaphashini lapho umoya we-oxygen ne-carbon dioxide ukushintshaniswa ngesikhathi sokuphefumula. I-alveoli ihlinzeka i-oksijeni egazini lapho ibhujiswa, kunzima kumuntu onomphefumula wokuphefumula.
Izimpawu ze-emphysema zihlanganisa:
- ukuphelelwa umoya
- umuzwa oqhubekayo wokungakwazi ukuthola umoya owanele
- ukukhwehlela isikhathi eside
- isondo
- ukukhiqizwa kwe-mucus yesikhathi eside
- ukukhathala okuqhubekayo
I-emphysema ibangelwa ngokubhema.
Izwi elivela
Ngisho noma i-COPD ivame ukuba nzima nakakhulu futhi ingelapheki, izindaba ezinhle ukuthi kunezindlela zokwelashwa ezifana ne-inhalers, i-oksijeni, nokuvuselelwa kwe-pulmonary okungakusiza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungase usebenze ngokucophelela ekunakekeleni kwakho ngokungabhemi nokuqinisekisa ukuthi usesikhathini sakho imishanguzo yesifo sofuba kanye ne-pneumonia.
> Imithombo:
> Han MK, uDransfield MT, uMartinez FJ. (Ngo-Ephreli 2016). Izifo Eziphuthumayo Zokuvimbela Izifo: Incazelo, Ukubonakaliswa Kwemitholampilo, Ukuxilongwa, nokuHlanganisa. Ku: UpToDate, i-Stoller JK (ed), UpToDate, Waltham, MA.
> I-National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. (Juni 2010). Izifo eziphuthumayo zokuvimbela izifo ezingaphezu kuka-16s: Ukuxilongwa nokuphathwa: Incazelo yokusebenza ye-COPD.