6 Izindlela Zokuphatha I-brron Chronicle

Izenzo, amaphilisi, kanye nempilo esiza ukuphatha izimpawu

I-bronchitis engapheli yinkimbinkimbi yezifo ezingavamile zokuphefumula (COPD) . Kuchazwe ngemitholampilo njengokukhwehlela okukhiqiza isikhukhuni nsuku zonke izinyanga ezintathu ngokulandelana ngenkathi kwenzeka okungenani iminyaka emibili ngokulandelana.

I-COPD manje iyimbangela yesithathu yokufa e-US Amanye amafomu afaka i- emphysema ne- bronchiectasis . Ngenkathi intuthu iyimbangela ejwayelekile kunazo zonke yeCOPD, ukuvezwa komusi wesitimela, ukungcola, noma ezinye izimo zomoya kungase kubangele nalesi simo.

I-bronchitis engapheli ihlukile kwe-bronchitis enamandla, okuyinto yokugcina eyimvelo yesikhashana ebangelwa ukutheleleka ngegciwane noma ukucasuka kwemvelo. I-bronchitis engapheli, ngokuphambene, isifo esihlala njalo esibangelwa umonakalo ongaphazamiseki wamaphaphu.

Uma uthola ukuthi une-bronchitis engavamile, udokotela wakho ngokujwayelekile ubeka ezinye izinketho zokwelapha ezilandelayo:

1 -

Ukuyeka ukubhema

Ukuyeka ukubhema kuyinto ebaluleke kunazo zonke, kodwa ngokuvamile enganakiwe, ingxenye yokwelapha i-bronchitis engapheli.

Ukubhema kubangelwa into ebizwa ngokuthi i-bronchoconstriction eyenza izinwele ezincane ezivikelayo (ezibizwa ngokuthi i-cilia) eziqondisa umoya ohamba phambili. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuvuvukala okubangelwa ugwayi kubangela ukukhishwa ngokweqile kwe-mucus. Ngenxa yokuthi i-cilia ibalulekile ekususeni izinto ezivela emaphashini, umonakalo obangelwa ukubhema kubangele ukuqoqwa kwe-mucus kanye nomkhawulo womoya emaphashini.

Abokubhema nabo banokutheleleka kakhulu kwezifo zamaphaphu, ezivamile kubantu abaneCOPD.

Ngisho noma ukhona ngezigaba kamuva ze-COPD, akukaze kube sekwephuzile ukuyeka. Akugcini nje ukuyeka usizo lwezinyathelo ezihamba kancane, izinzuzo zezempilo zikhula kuphela njengoba isikhathi sihamba. Ezimweni eziningi, izimpawu ze-dyspnea (ukuphefumula okuncane) zizokwehlisa izinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kweziyisishiyagalolunye zokuyeka.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinsiza zokuqeda ukubhema ezitholakalayo namuhla, eziningi zazo ezihlanganiswa nomshuwalense.

Okuningi

2 -

Bronchodilators

Ama-bronchodilators asiza ukususa imicibisholo enamandla ngenkathi ekhulula i- bronchospasm nokunciphisa ukuvinjelwa kwamanzi. Ngokwenza kanjalo, oksijeni esengeziwe isakazwa emaphashini futhi ukuphefumula kuthuthukiswa.

Ama-inhalers wokukhulula , aqukethe ama-bronchodilators ama-short-acting afana ne-Proventil (albuterol), angasiza abantu abane-bronchitis engapheli baphathe izimpawu eziqhubekayo noma ezimbi kakhulu zesifo. Le mithi iyingxenye yezinga lokunakekela zonke izigaba ze-COPD.

U-Albuterol uyisidakamizwa se-beta-agonist esisiza izidumbu ezungeze umoya wakho ophumuzayo. Ngokungafani ne -inhalers esebenza isikhathi eside , ukutholakala kwe-inhalers kusetshenziselwa ukwelapha iziqephu eziphuthumayo zokuphefumula okuhlobene ne-bronchospasm.

Okuningi

3 -

Glucocorticoids

Uma umuntu engaphenduli ukwelashwa okunamandla, i-glucocorticoids (i-class of steroids) ingahle ibekwe njengengxenye yelungiselelo lokwelapha. I-glucocorticoids iyaziwa ukuthi inezinzuzo eziningi ekunakekeleni lesi simo kodwa futhi ihlotshaniswa nezingozi eziningi , futhi.

Ngenkathi ukwelashwa nge-glucocorticoids kusacatshangwa njengengxabano, i-Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) incoma ukusetshenziswa kwayo efomini elifakiwe lapho umuntu efika eStage III COPD futhi ehlushwa ukukhukhuma okuvamile.

I-glucocorticoids yomlomo ingahle isetshenziselwe ukuphatha i-COPD uma izimpawu zikhula ngokushesha. I-steroids engenayo isetshenziselwa ukuphatha izimpawu eziqinile noma lapho izimpawu zihamba kancane kancane.

Okuningi

4 -

I-Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitors

I-Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitors yilasilasi lezidakamizwa eziphatha ukuvuvukala okuhlobene ne-COPD. Imithi yomlomo yodwa kanye nonyaka, i-PDE4 inhibitors isiza ukunciphisa ukuqhuma kwe-COPD ngemiphumela emibi engavamile.

Izidakamizwa zisebenza ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwe-airway kubantu abangamelana nemithi ejwayelekile. Ngokwenza kanjalo, i-mucus encane ikhiqizwa, okuholela ekuqongeni kancane nokuvimbela izingxenye zomoya.

I-Daliresp (i-roflumilast) yiyona kuphela i-PDE4 inhibitor elamukelwe manje e-United States. Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ye-PDE4 inhibitors ihlanganisa isifo sohudo, isicashu, kanye nekhanda.

Okuningi

5 -

I-Chest Physiotherapy ne-Postural Draining

I-physiotherapy esifubeni, ebizwa nangokuthi i-chest percussion, iyindlela ehilela ukushaya esikhwameni kanye / noma emuva ukuze usize ukukhulula umqubu futhi wenze kube lula ukukhwehlela. Kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhambisa amanzi emzimbeni futhi kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa izandla eziphekiwe noma idivaysi yokuvula umoya.

Ngaphandle kwalokho , amanzi , i-technique, esebenzisa amandla adonsela phansi ukuze asize ngokususwa kwe-mucus evela emoyeni. Kokubili i-physiotherapy yesifuba ne-postural drainage isebenza kangcono ngemva kokwelashwa kwe-bronchodilator.

Okuningi

6 -

Amadivaysi okuSula okuShayina

Amadivaysi okuvumela ukuhamba ngezindiza asetshenziswa ngokubambisana ne-chest therapy kanye ne-postural drainage ukuze kuqinisekiswe kangcono imvume ye-mucus emaphashini. Amadivayisi aboniswe ekuthuthukiseni kakhulu imiphumela uma kuqhathaniswa ne-physiotherapy kanye ne-drainage yedwa. Konke kuzo zonke, zithengeka futhi zilula ukuyisebenzisa.

Izinketho zihlanganisa:

• ukucindezela okuhle okuphefumula (PEP) lapho uphefumulela khona ukucindezela emoyeni
• amadivaysi e-high-frequency oscillating, njenge- Flutter Mucus Clearance Device kanye ne- Acapella Vibratory PEP Device eshukumisa kahle izindiza ezincane nezinkulu
• I-Flung Lung , idivayisi ephethe ngesandla eyenza amagagasi omsindo aphansi angene emoyeni

Okuningi